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 Given for period of 3 weeks

When  Perimenopausal women and women during the first 1 to 2 years


after menopause who have an intact uterus  treated with HRT
the HRT 12-14 days every month
 Woman is 2 to 3 years postmenopausal  recommended
is given ? administration of a fast combination of estradiol and
progesterone

Faienza MF, Annamaria V, Flaviana M, Luciano C. Postmenopausal Osteoporosis: The Role of Immune System
Cells. Hindawi Publishing Corporation Clinical and Developmental Immunology 2013.
Menopause -
Osteoporosis
Decreased production
The decline of ovarian of estrogen &
function
Increase in FSH levels

Osteoporosis
and
Menopause A marked stimulation Increase osteoclast
of bone resorption and formation by increasing
a period of rapid bone haemopoietic
loss progenitors

Faienza MF, Annamaria V, Flaviana M, Luciano C. Postmenopausal Osteoporosis: The Role of Immune System
Cells. Hindawi Publishing Corporation Clinical and Developmental Immunology 2013.
Nutrition

Alcohol Calcium

Non
Pharmacol
ogical
Vitamin
Smoking
D

Excercise Protein

Gallagher J Christopher and Sri Harsha Tella. Prevention and Treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Omaha: NIH Public Access.2014 July;
142:155-170.
Hormone
replacement
theraphy
decrease bone
resorption
Biphosphonates
(alendronate and
risedronate) reduce fracture
Pharmacology incidence
Denosumbab

Selective estrogen
Increase vertebral
receptor modulator
bone mass
(SERM) raloxifene

Gallagher J Christopher and Sri Harsha Tella. Prevention and Treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Omaha: NIH
Public Access.2014 July; 142:155-170.
Hormone
Replacement
Theraphy

Estrogen + Progestin Estrogen Theraphy


(HT) (ET)
Hormone
Replacement The most effective
Theraphy way to treat bone
loss  high dose in 6
months

Rapidly reduce bone


resorption

Gallagher J Christopher and Sri Harsha Tella. Prevention and Treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
Omaha: NIH Public Access.2014 July; 142:155-170.
 Fritz Marc A. And Leon Speroff. Clinical Gynecologic Endocrinology and Infertility. Philadelphia:
Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 2011;8:753-755.
 Conolly AM. Netter’s Internal Medicine

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