MATERIAL BALANCE NON

REACTION
Anggraeni
Jhon Power
Riris Verawati N
 Introduction
Formulating the Material Balance Problem

Neraca massa/bahan adalah perincian dari jumlah bahan-bahan yang masuk, keluar
dan yang terakumulasi di dalam sebuah sistem.

Dimana,
Input = Aliran masuk ke sistem
Output = Aliran keluar sistem
Consumption = Digunakan oleh reaksi
Generation = Terbentuk karena reaksi
Acumulation = Terkumpul dalam sistem

Jika tidak ada reaksi kimia yang terlibat  Generation = 0 , Consumption = 0

 Material Balance non-Reacting
Material Balance Information

A material balance problem consists of the following elements :

1. the selected system with its input and output streams.
2. the stream variables which describe the flow rate and composition of each stream
3. the set of material balance equations of which at most S are independent, where S is the total
number of different species that appear in the streams.
4.the basis selected for the computation
 Material Balance non-Reacting
Example 2.6
A feed stock available at the rate of 1000 mol/h and consisting of : (all in mol %)
20% propane
30% isobutane
20% isopentante
30% normal pentane
is to be separated into two fractions by distilation. The distilate is containe of the propane fed to the
unit and 80% of the isopentane fed to the unit and is to consist of 40% of isobutane. The bottom
streams is to contain all the normal pentane fed to the unit.
distillate (D) :
Solution : propane
isopentane
isobutane

Feed :
propane The material balance equations for the system :
isopentane
isobutane NM = ND + NB
Normal pentane

bottom (B) :
Normal pentane
 Material Balance non-Reacting
The degree of Freedom (DoF)/ Analisis Derajat
Kebebasan)
DoF adalah suatu ukuran yang dapat memberikan indikasi apakah persamaan neraca massa
dapat diselesaikan atau tidak.

The degree of freedom of a system is a defined as follows

degree of freedom = total number of independent stream variables, where is
- total number of independent balance equations
- total number of specified independent stream variables
- total number of subsidiary relations

Category of analysis from DoF :

1. If DoF > 0 (positive) → underspecified, it's not possible to solve for all the unknown stream
variables
2. If DoF < 0 (negative) → overspecified,
3. If DoF = 0 (zero) → problem correctly specified, that is, the number of unknown stream variables
exactly balances the number of available equations.
 Material Balance non-Reacting
Example 2.9

From the example 2.6, so as shown there ;

total number of stream variables 12
number of independent balance equations 4
number of specified stream
- compositions 6
- flows 1
number of subsidiary relations 1

Degree of Freedom 0