Lourd

Ernest H.
De Veyra
Literature Background of National
Capital Region
O Birthplace of a rich tradition of
Philippine culture and literature.
O The first printing press was
established in Manila.
O The first translated bible.
O The life if Christ in epic tradition.
O Oral literature (bugtong, proverbs,
native songs).
 Personal Background
O He was born on February 11, 1975.
O He graduated at University of Santo Tomas with Bachelor
of Arts in Jurnalism
O Acclaimed Filipino singer, poet, journalist and activist who
became famous as the frontman for the jazz rock group
Radioactive Sago Project in the early 2000's.
O His father was a retired policeman who is part of the first
batch of rookie cops that is part of the Western Police
District, with Alfredo Lim as their Ground Commander.
O While, his mother is a pianist by profession and dietician
by training, was actually stricter than his father.
O Mike Hanopol of the Juan de la Cruz band is his uncle
Works ( both published and unpublished)
Poems:  Ang Tunay na LALAKE, Walang
 Subterranean Thought Parade ABS
 Shadowboxing in Headphones  Sa ikaaayos ng Mundo, Wag Mag-
 Insectissimo sando!
Essays: Speeches:
 A Letter to my Unborn Grandchild  Lourd de Veyra's Little Book of
 Troll man ay Tao rin Speeches
 Sa Pekikulang Pinoy  Espiritu
 Life Before, During, and Beyond Story:
the 15 years of FHM  Culture of Excellence, Culture of
 Bakit nga ba laging nakaupo si Conscience
Mabini? Book:
 A Big Sleep  The Best of This is A Crazy
 Sermon sa mga Fashyown Planets
 Four Hundred and Twenty Five  This is A Crazy Planets
Flying Elephants: Gabriel Garcia
Marquez, RIP
 The Best of This is A Crazy
Planets

Interpretation:
 Stupidity
 Pinoy pop culture
 Old system
 Humorous and endearing
 Politics
 Life in Manila
References:
O Cupin, B. (2011). Crazy planets co-exist in lourd de
veyra’s world. Retrieved January 09 2018, from
http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/224665/lifestyl
e/crazy-planets-co-exist-in-lourd-de-veyra-s-world
O Goodreads.com,. (2011). Lourd Ernest H. de Veyra.
Retrieved 09 January 2018, from
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/2034051.Lou
rd_Ernest_H_de_Veyra
O Barbosa, P. (2016). Lourd de Veyra (Biography).
Retrieved January 09 2018,from
http://lourddeveyrabiopedrobarbosa.blogspot.com/?m=
1
O Famousbirthdays.com,. (2010). Lourd de Veyra – Bio,
facts, family. Retrieved 09 January 2018, from
https://www.famousbirthdays.com/people/lourd-
veyra.html
O Gonzalez, B. (2012) Lourd de Veyra: Weather-
weather lang yan. Retrieved 09 January 2018,
from
https://www.google.com.ph/url?sa=t&source=web&
rct=j&url=http://www.philstar.com/sunday-life/2012-
07-29/832546/lourd-de-veyra-weather-weather-
lang-
yan&ved=0ahUKEwjk6trq2srYAhUCy7wKHdX6B6
4QFghQMAw&usg=AOvVaw0Hf0pPRD0o6fSrXUs
e8TaU
O De Leon-Huld, N. (2016). The Lourd of the Word.
Retrieved January 09 2018, from
http://balikbayanmag.com/the-lourd-of-the-word/
O Landicho, D. G. (2015). Tagalog literature: History
and Tradition. Retrieved January 12 2018, from
https://www.ncca.gov.ph/subcommissions/...on.../lit
erary.../tagalog-literature-history-and-tradition
Dr. Florentino Hornedo, PhD.

REGION 2

Leslie Ann A. Lai

Maryam Basher H. Isahac
ABM 12-B
Literary Background of Region 2
 It comprised of Batanes, Cagayan, Isabela, Nueva Vizcaya and
Quirino. It is bordered by the Central Cordillera, the Sierra
Madre Mountains and the Carballo Mountain.
 It is the second biggest region and typhoons are frequent.
 Agta/Atta – First inhabitants of the region.
 Dialects – Ilokano, Ybanag, Ytawes, Irraya, Ivatan, Gaddang, &
Tagalog.
 Important literary pieces - Nu Nunuk Du Tukun (The Nunuk
on the hill)
Personal Background
 Born on October 16, 1938 in Sabdang, Batanes.
 Died in December 9, 2015.
 He obtained his BSE from the UST in 1961. He received his
masters in English and Philosophy from St. Louis University in
1966 and 1972. And then received his Ph.D. In Literature from
UST in 1977. And completed his post-doctorate in History and
Political Science in UST.
 He wrote 13 books in Philosophy, Education, Culture, and
History.
 He received numerous awards throughout his life.
 Works (Published / Not Published)
 The Power to be: A Phenomenology of Freedom
 Laji
 The Glitter of Gold in Batanes Cultural Heritage
 Ideas and Ideals
 Taming the Wind
 Pagmamahal and Pagmumura
 Culture and Community in the Philippine fiesta and Other Celebrations
 On The Trail of Dominican Engineers, Artists & Saints in the Cagayan Valley & Batanes
 Pagpapakatao and Other Essays in Contemporary Philosophy and Literature of Ideas
 Christian Education: Becoming Person-for-others
 The Favor of The Gods
 Epics and Ballads of Lam-ang's Land & People
 Using Important Concepts in Social and Human Sciences to Improve Learning Content
and Processes in Social Studies
Sample Work and Interpretation
 “The Visitor and the Native”, by Florentino Hornedo.

 “Today’s native was yesterday’s visitor”. In our society, it

means that the influences from other countries shape our
country.
 In this essay, it says that as citizens in a country where
globalization is high, we have to rebuild and preserve the
cultural ties in the Philippines to establish confidence and
national pride in the Philippines.
Some of the literary
works of Central Luzon Literary background
are: Region 3: Central Luzon is
composed of 7 provinces, 14
•Florante at Laura by
Francisco Baltazar
cities and 118 municipalities.
•Alang Dios by Juan This region, given its coverage
Crisostomo Soto of land to be one of the
•Juan Manalaksan by biggest, will most likely have
Ancio Pascua famous writers, poets, and
•Ibong Adarna by Virgilio
Almario
authors. Some of these are
•The Legend of Alitaptap namely: Virgilio S. Almario,
•The Legend of Pinatubo Juan Crisostomo Soto,
•The Legend of Olongapo Francisco Baltazar and many
more.
 Virgilio S. Almario
• Also Known as "Rio Alma"
• He lives in San Miguel Bulacan
• Born on March 9, 1944
• He finished his degree in A.B. Political Science at U.P
• A poest, lecturer, editor, translator, Literary historian and critic who has revived
and reinvented traditional Filipino poetic forms.
• Champion in Modernist Poetics
• At the age of 34, he published 12 books of poetry.
• He founded Literary Workshops which include the Gallan sa Arte at Tula (GAT)
and the Linangan sa Imahen, Retorika at Anyo (LIRA)
• Chairman in Emeritus of the Unyon ng mga manunulat sa Pilipinas (UMPIL)
• Headed the National Commission for Culture and the Arts as Executive Director
from 1998 to 2001
 Works (both published and unpublished)

•Seminal Makinasyon and Peregrinasyon

•The landmark Trilogy Doktrinang Anakpawis
•Mga Retrato at Rekwerdo and Muli
•Sa Kandungan ng Lupa
•Ang Makata sa Panahon ng Makina
Balagtasismo versus Modernismo
Walong Dekada ng Makabagong Tula Pilipino
•Mutyang Dilim
•Barlaan at Josaphat
•Ibong Adarna
•Si Langgam at Si Tipaklong
•Si Pilandok sa Pulo ng Pawikan
Frank G.
Rivera
Region IV-A
(CALABARZON)
Background of the Region
REGION IV-A CALABARZON
 CALABARZON is one of the regions in the Philippines and is a
lso
designated as Region 4A and its regional capital is Calamba Cit
y in
Laguna. The region is composed of five provinces namely Cavit
e,Laguna, Batangas, Rizal and Quezon. The region's name is an
acronym of the
names of these provinces. It is also known as the Southern Ta
galog Mainland.

The area is rich in history. It’s where the Philippines’ in

dependence from Spain was first declared in 1898. It’s th
e birthplace of national heroes such as Jose Rizal (from
Calamba, Laguna), Emilio Aguinaldo (from Kawit, Cavite)
Background of the Region
CALABARZON had been a witness as various stories, dramas,
poems, scripts and other literary pieces sprung in its native land. Mo
st of
these works made a name in the history of Philippine Literature; som
e were aired on the national televison and some were even world-re
nowned .
These works include: Perfect Mother, Hiwaga, Maruja, Mariposa, Ro
berta, Rita, Buhay Pilipino, Jack and Jill, Flash Bomba, Tiny Tony, No
li Me
Tangere, El Filibusterismo, Sa Aking Mga Kabata, Mi Ultimo Adiós,
Kundiman, Ka Bel, The Yaya’s Lullaby, Servant, Sadness, Magic, Eul
ogy
ofRoaches, Dead Stars, A Night in the Hills, Filipino Love Stories,Epi
kong Tagalog.
 Personal Background
Frank G. Rivera
Rivera was born on 29 February 1948 in Paete, Laguna.He received his AB En
glish-Filipino degree from the University of the Philippines.

Frank G. Rivera is best known as founder of the SINING KAMBAYOKA,a flouri

shing theatre movement at Mindanao State University

He started out in Severino Montano's Arena Theatre Guild and Cecile
Guidote’s PETA. He represented the Philippines in numerous International Thea
ter
Festivals and Conferences in the US, Korea, Thailand, Mexico, Singapore and
Australia.

His extensive theatre involvement in the Philippine Educational Theatre Asso

ciation (PETA) under Cecile Guidote and Lino Brocka found its initial focus in s
criptwriting for a television drama series, BALINTATAW.

He mastered a genre of poetry called “Textula” in which entire poems are
written and read on mobile phones . It traces its origins to the traditional
Tagalog form of poetry called Tanaga.
 His Works
Both Published and Unpublished
1. Tuhog-tuhog (2005)
2. Jose Rizal: iba’t ibang Pananaw (2005)
3. Halik sa Kampilan (2005)
4. Makata sa Cellphone (2005)
5. TAO: Isang Tagulaylay Sa
Ikadalawampu’t Isang Siglo (2004)
6. Oyayi, Ang Zarzuela (2004)
7. Darna, Etc. (2003)
8. Sining Kambayoka's Mga
Kuwentong Maranao (2003)
9. Ambon, Ulan, Baha: Sarsuwelang Pinoy (2003)
10. Gothic Telemovies (2002)
11. MULAT: Mga Isyung Panlipunan sa mga
Dulang Pantelebisyon (2002)
12. Mga Dula sa Magkakaibang Midyum (1982)
13. Ama at iba pa, Sari-saring Dula (1982)
 Sample Work
An excerpt from “Makata sa Cellphone”

“SINING KAMBAYOKA”
Apat na dekada na ang nakalipas Dayuhang maskara na nakakubabaw
Nang pagtagpuin ang ating mga landas Sa litong anyo ng drama sa Mindanao
Sa lumang kultura’t limot na palabas Ating hinubad at saka inilitaw
Na ating nilinang kayat di kumupas. Ang tunay na mukhang sa dula’y tatanglaw

Sa Mindanao State University nga Sining Kambayoka’y hindi basta teatro

Doon sa Marawi sa tabi ng lawa Di lang pansining at pangkultura ito
Di lang edukasyon itong kumalinga Natatanging layon, isulong sa mundo
Sa nalikhang sining, tayo’y pinalaya. Pagkadakila ng lahing Pilipino.

Sa pagsilang nitong Sining Kambayoka

Di lamang MSU itong nakilala
Tradisyong Maranao, Sining at Kultura
Katutubong ‘bayok’ ang ibinandila.
 Interpretation of hAis work
“Sining Kambayoka”
oIn this excerpt, he talks about the theater movement he founded
in Mindanao State University, The Sining Kambayoka in 1970
where he met a lot of people who share the same visions and
aims with him–to further flourish and nurture the rich culture that
the Philippines has to offer. He reminisces everything from way
back 4 decades ago about how their journey started from their
humble institution near the Lanao Lake in Marawi and cradled the
m not just with education but with liberty in arts. He also added
that the Sining Kambayoka is not just a mere theater but its is mo
re of an outlet to showcase to the world what the Philippines has
to offer.
Online references:

https://mevipres.wordpress.com/2014/03/08/textula-ni-fra
nk-g-rivera-ang-makata-sa-cellphone-ika-4-ng-pebrero-20
14/
https://www.revolvy.com/main/index.php?s=Frank%20G.%
20Rivera
https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/4622358.Frank_
G_Rivera
http://www.mindanews.com/top-stories/2016/03/xu-cites-
kambayoka-founder-frank-g-rivera/
http://panitikan.ph/2014/06/07/frank-g-rivera/
http://www.imdb.com/name/nm1000266/
 Jose Dalisay Jr.
Region IV B (MIMAROPA)
 Background of
The Region.

The name is an acronym that stands for the provinces, comprising the
region, namely: Occidental Mindoro, Oriental Mindoro, Marinduque, Romblon,
and Palawan.The region was created on May 17, 2002, after Region IV
(Southern Tagalog) was further sub-divided.
Ambahan
•Poetic form using 7 syllable lines that rhyme at the final syllable
Personal Background
Published Works
Novels
Killing Time in a Warm Place, 1992
Soledad's Sister, 2008
Plays
Madilim ang Gabi sa Laot at Iba Pang Mga Dula ng Ligaw na Pag-Ibig, 1993
Screenplays
Tayong Dalawa, 1994
Nonfiction
The Best of Barfly, 1997
A sample Work
• Soledad's Sister
the second novel of Filipino author
Jose Dalisay. It won recognition as one
of five novels short listed in the first
The Man Asian Literary Prize in 2007.
Interpretation of the Work
• The novel is situated precisely in a time which
Filipinos and those who have experienced
emigration, whether personal or through the
exodus of their family members, can relate to. It
shows the abuses suffered by Filipino migrant
workers in foreign countries, and the abuses that
they are again subjected to in their home country.
References
• Content Retrieved from Wikipedia
• Retrieved from
http://countrystat.psa.gov.ph/?cont=16&r=17
• Videos Retrived from Youtube
• Ambahan
• Poetic form using 7 syllable lines that rhyme at the final syllable
• Used as a form of entertainment
• It is created as mangyan to serve practical purposes within the community
• *Rituals to death and burial
• *"Karadwa" - Soul
• *Hanunuo wear the hagkus or willed rattan belt with pocket
• *Women wear their hair long and use headband made of beads
• *Fond of wearing necklace and bracelets made from beads.
• *Not just for decoration but also for magical, religious and judiciary purposes.
• *Men usually forge and repairs blade
• *Women spin, dye and weave cotton cloth
• *Ambahan for courtship
JOHN IREMIL
TEODORO
Western mindanao is one of the regions of the philippines,
designated as region VI. It consists of 6 province and 16 cities
making it the region with the highest number of cities. Iloilo city is the
regional center. Is composed of six provinces and the highly
urbanized cities of bacolod and iloilo.
Typically western visayas is found on the west part of the major
island of the philippines which is visayas it is surrounded by water.
Provinces capital 1. Aklan - kalibo 2. Antique - san jose 3. Capiz -
roxas city 4. Guimaras - jordan 5. Iloilo - iloilo city 6. Negros
occidental - bacolod city
The region is dominated by the native speakers of five visayan
languages: kinaray-a, hiligaynon, aklanon, capizncitylanguages:
kinaray-a, hiligaynon, aklanon, capiznon, and cebuano.
*November 14, 1973 in Maybato Norte, San Jose De Buenavista,
Antique, Philippines) is a filipino writer, literary critic and cultural scholar.
He is also a considered to be a leading pioneer in philippine gay
literature and the most published author in kinaray-a to date
Born to a middle-class family in antique province, teodoro gained early
recognition as a creative writer since his college years.
Among teodoro's first distinctions were the literature grant of the cultural
center of the philippines and gawad ka amado in 1993 for his early
attempts in filipino poetry. His first full-length play in filipino unang ulan
ng mayo (the first rain of may) won 2nd place at the 1997 don carlos
palanca memorial awards for literature. He later worked as a journalist
for bandillo ng palawan-edisyong filipino in puerto princesa city, a
publication devoted to environmental issues in the province of palawan.
Kung Ang Tula Ay Pwedeng Pambili Ng Lalaki: Mga Tula
Hasang: Mga Kuwento Ng Pag-ibig
Maybato, Iloilo, Taft Avenue, Baguio, Puerto: Mga Tula
Pagdakëp Sa Iláhas: Koleksiyon Ng Mga Bagong Akda Sa Kinaray-a
Pagbalik Sang Babaylan: Antolohiya Ng Mga Maikling Kuwento Sa Hiligaynon
Balangaw Sa Tingadlaw
Kung Ang Tula Ay Pwedeng Pambili Ng Lalaki: Mga Tula
• HTTPS://WWW.GOODREADS.COM/BOOK/SHOW/13497972-KUNG-
ANG-TULA-AY-PWEDENG-PAMBILI-NG-LALAKI- RETRIEVED JANUARY 13
2018
• HTTP://BJSALVADOR.BLOGSPOT.COM/-RETRIEVED JANUARY 13 2018
• HTTPS://WWW.SLIDESHARE.NET/EMMANUELNADELA/REGION-6-
16340910-RETRIEVED JANUARY 13 2018
Marcel M. Navarra
(1914-1984)

Literary Works in Region 7-
Central Visayas
• “Sicalac and Sicavay”
(A Visayan Creation Myth)
• Legend of Dumaguete
• “Ang Among Kabantang”
by Fernando Buyser-
Aquino
• “Our Pride” translated by
Juliet B. Samonte
• “The Clay Pipe” by Marcel
M. Navarra
• “The Chambers of the
Sea” by Edith L. Tiempo
1/15/2018 copyright 2006 www.brainybetty.com ALL RIGHTS
Literary Background
Central Visayas, designated as
Region IV, is located in the
Central part of the Visayas
island groups. It consists of four
provinces- Bohol, Cebu, Negros
Oriental and Siquijor, and the
highly-urbanized cities of Cebu
City,Lapu- Lapu City and
Mandaue City. The region
demarcates occupied by the
native speakers of Cebuano.
41
 Marcel Navarra
• The first Cebuano realist writer.
• Also known as “The Father of Modern Cebuano Literature”.
• He lived in Tuyom, Carcar Cebu.
• Born on June 2, 1914 and died on March 28, 1984.
• He spent most of his life writing almost 80 short stories which were
published in Cebuano Magazines.
• His first story was published in Nasud, 1931.
• Navarra is a product of American Education.
• He also labeled as the “Hemingway of the Binisaya”
• He became editor of two of the most popular Cebuano Magazines.
• And he stopped writing after he wrote his last work in 1955.

1/15/2018 copyright 2006 www.brainybetty.com ALL RIGHTS 42

 Works (both published and unpublished)

Stories Magazines
• “Tungod sa Kayagang”
• “Ang pasko sa Tuyom” • Bisaya, Alimyon and Bulak
• “Ug Gianod Ako” • Bisaya and Bag-ong Suga
• “Apasumpay”
• “Ang Pahigmata”
• “Si Manang Merin ug ang
Kasing”
• “Tingali ang Adlaw Mosilang
Ugma”
• “Sa Lunhawang Tugwayanan”
• “Paingon sa Bag-ong
Kalibutan”
• Zosimo
1/15/2018 copyright 2006 www.brainybetty.com ALL RIGHTS 43
 Sample work and interpretation

• “Ang Pasko sa Tuyom”

 The writer gives us insight into the daily life of
Tuyom’s people by describing Ingko Tityong’s
lives.

1/15/2018 copyright 2006 www.brainybetty.com ALL RIGHTS 44

Emigdio “Mig” Alvarez Enriquez
Literary Background of the Region
Before the Spanish colonization, Muslim tribes inhabited the entire
region. These tribes include Tausug, Samal, Subanen and Badjao.
Another layer of complexion has been added when Spaniards
shared their culture, religion, customs, and language during their
colonization. Christianity, together with its customs and traditions,
is profoundly evident in this modern era and the Spanish language
has been modified and personalized that the people named their
dialect as Chavacano. In addition to that, Zamboanga City has
been regarded as the “Asia’s Latin City.” All of these factors are
means of opportunity for local writers to share the rich culture of
Zamboanga Peninsula.
Personal Background
Emigdio “Mig” Alvarez Enriquez is a Filipino originating in
Zamboanga City. He was born in the year 1925 and started his
writings at the age of 20. As a novelist and a story writer, his short
stories won Palanca awards. He finished his elementary and
secondary education at Ateneo de Zamboanga and gained his
A.B. at Arellano University. Then he also finished his "Master of
Fine Arts Degree in Creative Writing" at the State University of
Iowa though an International Scholarship and a Fulbright Grant.
Then he earned a Guggenheim Fellowship which he used to travel
around Europe. He then studied in the Universidad Central de
Madrid on a Zobel de Ayala Grant. His short stories began to
appear in countless publication as early as 1939.
×
Literary Pieces
NOVELS SHORT STORIES
Houses of Images The Blood on the Moon
Two Liberation Plays A Tale of Two Houses
Fourth of July, Twice Told Cachil Kudarat
The Devil Flower Labaw Dongga
The White Horse of Alih
PLAYWRIGHTS Maria Clara
Three Collection of Philippine Death of a House
Epic Plays (1983)
The Other Maria Clara
Three Ethnic Hero Play (1991)
Two Liberation Play (1991)

48
The White Horse of Alih and other
stories
The novel discusses about the psychological effect of man's
alienation from the society he lives, racial discrimination,
traditions in religion, psychological impact of an individual’s
experiences, quarrel between religions and religion based
discrimination. The setting is on the4th of July in a town with a
parade, celebrating the Filipino-American Friendship Day. The
author used white horse based on a Moro legend. It symbolizes
that if a Moro should kill someone, Allah will send a white horse
to retrieve the killed person’s soul and bring it to paradise,
where thousands of women are waiting.
References
Umbina G. (June 29, 2017). Literature in Region 9 Zamboanga Peninsula. Retrieved from
https://prezi.com/jfcfgaoj5ugo/literature-in-region-9-zamboanga-peninsula/
Emigdio Alvarez Enriquez (December 10, 2016.) Retrieved from http://redgiecabalida.blogspot.com/
Victor A. (February 10, 2013). Philippine Literature. Retrieved from
https://www.slideshare.net/alicevictor1/philippine-literature-16459890
De Pedro et al. (n.d.).Formal Report on FilipinoLiterary Text: The White Horse of Alih. Retrieved from
https://www.scribd.com/doc/67729447/The-White-Horse-of-Alih
Balanquit L.M. & Malaki R. (December 12, 2016). The White Horse of Alih. Retrieved from
https://www.slideshare.net/ReivenHuge23/jri-orion-stem-a21stlitregion9

50
Ralph Semino Gal-an
Literary Background of
Northern Mindanao
 Pre-colonial times
 The Spanish Colonial Tradition
 The American Colonial Period
 The Contemporary Period
× Ralph Semino Galán, poet, literary and cultural critic,
translator, and editor, is the Assistant Director of the
University of Santo Tomas (UST) Center for Creative
Writing and Literary Studies. He is an Associate
Professor of Literature, Humanities and Creative Writing
in the UST Faculty of Arts and Letters and the UST
Graduate School. He has a B.A. in English (Major in
Literature), magna cum laude, from the Mindanao State
University-Iligan Institute of Technology, and an M.A. in
English Studies (Major in Creative Writing)from UP
Diliman. He is currently pursuing a Ph.D. in Literature in
the UST Graduate School. His works, both creative and
critical, have been published in numerous national and
international anthologies and literary journals.
Published and works of
Ralph Semino Gal-an
1. Discernments
2. From the Major Arcana
3. Justice
4. Fairy Tail
5. The Magician
6. To Baby Boy Blue
7. The Southern Cross and other Poems
1 These are the accouterments of her office:2 the blindfold
symbolizing impartiality;3 a golden pair of scales measuring the
validity
"Justice"
4 of evidence given both pro and con;5 the double-edged sword that
pierces through6 the thick fabric of lies; Thoth's feather
7 of truth which ultimately determines whether8 The defendant's life is
worth saving.9 In J. Elizalde Navarro's oil painting titled
10 Is this Philippine Justice? The figure11 of the Roman goddess
Justitia slowly fades12 into thin air, swallowed by pigments
13 cloudy as doubts. In my uncertain country14 where right and wrong
are cards15 that can be shuffled like a pile of money bills,
16 even the land's Chief Magistrate17 is not immune from culpability;
found guilty18 he has to face the music of derision
Symbolisms that have been used in the poem:
 Blindfold
 Scales
 Double-edged sword
 Thot's feather of truth
 Painting
 Right and wrong
 The Lady Justice
Sources:
Panitikan.ph.(2014).“Galan, Ralph Semino”. Retrieved date 09 January 2018, Retrieved
from http://panitikan.ph/2014/06/06/ralph-semino-galan/
Angelahzari.(2017).”Justice by Ralph Semino Galdan”. Retrieved 09 January 2018,
Retrieved from https://brainly.ph/question/496422
Obongen,JR.(2017). “21ST LITERATURE”. Retrieved date 09 January 2018, Retrieved
from http://jayarobongen.blogspot.com/2017/03/summary.html
Business Mirror.(2017).”Two Poems by Ralph Semino Galan”. Retrieved date 09 January
2018, Retrieved from https://businessmirror.com.ph › Features › Tony&Nick
Sarahmjaramos.wordpress.com.(2015).“Discernments by Ralph Semino Galan:
Bookcasts critically ‘discerning’ eye on literature”. Retrieved date 09 January 2018,
Retrieved from https://sarahmjaramos.wordpress.com/2015/06/17/discernments-by-
ralph-semino-galan-book-casts-critically-discerning-eye-on-literature/
Godinez-Ortega,C.(2015).”The literary forms in Philippine Literature”.Retrieved date
09January 2018,Retrieved fromhttp://ncca.gov.ph/subcommissions/subcommission-on-
the-arts-sca/literary-arts/the-literary-forms-in-philippine-literature/
Filamartistdirectory.com,(2017).”To Baby Boy Blue by Ralph Semino Galan”. Retrieved
date 09 January 2018https://www.filamartistdirectory.com/to-baby-boy-blue-by-ralph-
semino-galan/
Candy
BACKGROUND OF THE REGION
Davao Rergion, designed as
Region XI, is located on the
southeastern portion of
Mindanao. It consists of four (4)
provinces, namely: Compostela
Valey, Davao del Norte, Davao
Oriental, and Davao del Sur.
PEOPLE
Region XI (11) is a melting
pot of many cultural groups. It is
an immigration area, with a
mixture of migrants, including
Cebuanos, Ilonggos, and
Ilocanos. Its ethnic groups
include Manobos, Bagobos,
Maiisakas, Maguindanon, T’boli,
Tirurays, and Few Muslims.
Cebuanos, Boholanos, and
CULTURE
A Spanish tradition is the
celebration by barrios (village)
of the feast day of their
respective patron saint with a
festival (fiesta).
ECONOMIC PROFILE
Agriculture is the
main economic activity in
the region and banana is
the primary agricultural
product in many Banana
plantation.
• Candy Gourlay born on April 19,1962
• at Cristina Lopez Quimpo, Davao City
Philippines.
• Candy Gourlay is the second of six children.
• Her father was an architect and her mother
was a teacher.
• She graduated her degree in high school at
Saint Theresa College of Quezon City in 1980
• and graduated her degree in College at
Ateneo de Manila University in 1984.
• She was married and had three children.
• Candy Gourlay was born and raised in the
Philippines from 1984 to 1989 work as journalist in
the Philippines.
• Candy Gourlay is an awarded winning Filipino
Author in UK.
The story shine is about a
girl who suffer from illness.
JAIME AN LIM
REGION XII
(SOCCSKSARGEN)
 REGION XII –
SOCCSKSARGEN
• The name is an acronym that stands for South Cotabato,
Cotabato, Sultan Kudarat, Saranggani and General Santos
City.
• Region XII has extensive coastlines, valleys and mountain
ranges. Known for its river system, the region is the catch basin
of Mindanao. Cotabato contains the Rio Grande de
Mindanao, which is the longest river in Mindanao.
• It is populated by 65% Christians and 30% Muslim and 5% other
Filipinos.
• The region is compose of various tribes: B’laan, T’boli, Teduray,
Manobo, Maguindanao and etc.
• LITERARY WORKS: Ulahingan, Indarapatraatsulayman, Monki,
Makil & The Monkeys, Lamge and etc.
 PERSONAL
BACKGROUND
Jaime An Lim was born in Cagayan de Oro City on January 7,
1946. He received his AB English, cum laude, from Mindanao
State University. JAIME AN LIM (1 9 4 6 – P R E S E N T)

He holds five graduate degrees, including an MA in English and

Creative Writing from Silliman University, an Ed.S. in Instructional
Systems Technology, and a Ph.D. in Comparative Literature,
both from Indiana University, Bloomington.

He recently retired as a professor of English from MSU-Iligan

Institute of Technology where he organized the Mindanao
Creative Writers Group, Inc., and founded the Iligan National
Writers Workshop. He is presently the Dean of the Institute of Arts
and Sciences of Far Eastern University, Manila.
 WORKS
• Literature and Politics: The Colonial Experience in
Nine Philippine Novels
• The Axolotl Colony: Stories
• Catfish Arriving in Little Schools
• Peace in Mindanao
• Mindoro: Saving the Tamaraw
• Hanggang sa Muli
• Trios
• Small Bright Things
• Sponge

How can we live without
lungs heart and brain?
The sponge
manages nicely without.
No great love no big dream
no grand ambition.
Living on nothing
but a cloud of minute particles
that wander in and out
of its empty chambers
and endless corridors.
Interpretation:
SPONGE
• The author points out the
mysteries of life. The first sentence
represents the curiosity and thirst
of human beings, while the
second and third statements
answer that question, in which it
states that living simply is the very
thing that we are seeking, no
more no less. Additionally the last
line tells us that everything passes
and goes away, and there are
endless possibilities that awaits us.
 Steven Prince
Patrick C. Fernandez
 Autonomous Region in Muslim
Mindanao (ARMM)
The autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao also
known as the ARMM is located at the southern part of the
Philippines. Muslim yearly celebrates Ramadan in the ninth
month in the Islamic calendar. This kind of celebration is one
of the traditions in ARMM. Cultural artifact, farming, and
fishing are the way of how they go about their daily living. In
terms of literature, ARMM has the TARASUL.
 Steven Prince Patrick C. Hernandez
was born in Manila City Philippines. He
attended the University of the Philippines
elementary and high school and
graduated with a degree in English at the
Mindanao State University at Marawi City
Philippines. He is the country’s only
Doctor of Fine Arts degree graduate
(major: creative writing) from a
Philippines University, De La Salle.
 Works last Published and
Unpublished

• Suhi
• Ming Ming
• Sarimanok
 Suhi
Suhi is a Visayan term for breech delivery. It is
said that those born “suhi” either possess healing
power or a great misfortune in life. We believe that
Steven made this piece for us to open our minds that
we don’t have to let someone suffer just because he
or she born in a different way. We should always
appreciate everyone’s imperfection because
imperfection is one of the factor that make us a true
individual.
• HTTPS://WWW.GOOGLE.COM.PH/SEARCH?Q=REGION+ARMM+LITERARY+PIECES
&SA=X&VED=2AHUKEWJI-
PYITDAHULUBWKHV5NALGQ1QLOBHOECASQBQ&BIW=360&BIH=559

HTTP://STEVENFERNANDEZBLOG.BLOGSPOT.COM/?M=1

HTTPS://WWW.GOOGLE.COM.PH/SEARCH?CLIENT=MS-ANDROID-
ASUS&ESPV=1&BIW=360&BIH=293&EI=GQHZWUTQOYGO8QWN2QIODG&Q=STE
VEN+PRINCE+PATRICK+C.+FERNANDEZ