CONCENTRATION OF ACIDS AND

ALKALIS

Preparation of standard
solution.

PREPARATION OF STANDARD
SOLUTION
A solution which
What is the
its concentration
is accurately definition of
known a standard
solution?
B: by preparing a
standard solution A: I would like to
prepare 1 mol dm-3
of that acid
of an acid solution.
solution But how?
Once we know the
mass of the we cannot
compound and measure mol but
the volume of the we can convert
solution…then we mol dm-3 to g dm-
3
can prepare the . Then we can
standard solution measure mass of
 the compound.

The
concentration
is mol dm-3 .
But how to
measure mol?
CALCULATE THE MASS OF SOLUTE NEEDED
 Example:

 Prepare a standard solution of 100 cm3 of 1 mol dm-3

hydrochloric acid, HCl

 Molarity (mol dm-3 ) = moles of solute (g)

 volume of solution (dm3)

 Convert into g dm-3 = molarity x molar mass

 = 1 mol dm-3 x 36.5 g mol-1 = 36.5 g dm-3

 concentration (g dm-3 ) = mass of solute (g)

 volume of solution (dm3)
STEPS OF PREPARING STANDARD
SOLUTION:

1) CALCULATE the mass of solute needed

2) WEIGH out the exact mass of solute needed
3) DISSOLVE the solute in small amount of
distilled water.
4) TRANSFER the dissolve solute into a
suitable volumetric flask.
5) RINSE the beaker and filter funnel. Transfer
the rinsing solution into volumetric flask
6) ADD enough water to the required volume
– a dropper is used to add solution drop by
drop until the calibration mark.
 QUESTION 1

The molarity of HNO3 solution is 3.0

mol dm-3. what is the concentration
-3
in g dm ?
[Molar mass of HNO3 is 63 g mol-1 ]
 QUESTION 2

Calculate the molarity of CuSO4

solution with a concentration of 28.4
-1
g dm . [molar mass of is 160 g mol ]
-3
 QUESTION 3

Calculate the concentration, in g dm-3 ,

of all ions that are present in
-3
1.2 mol dm copper (II) chloride ,
CuCl2 solution.
-1
[molar mass of CuCl2 is 135 g mol ]
CHEMISTRY
IDOL
I want nothing nothing but concentration
I want nothing nothing but solution
If your solute is greater
Then concentration is higher
I want concentration concentrationnnn!!!

Do you know what is molarity?

Molarity is equal to mol over volume
If you have the solute
Together with the solvent
Then you can make standard solutionnnn!!