Structural Steel Design 3

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Design of Steel Columns

Compression members should be checked for,
1. resistance to compression
2. resistance to buckling
Compression resistance of cross sections (Cl. 6.2.4, EC3)

For members in axial compression
NEd/Nc,Rd ≤ 1.0
1 Prepared by: Eng. Chamil Duminda Mahagamage

B.Sc.Eng (Hons), C Eng, MIE(SL)
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Buckling Resistance of Member(Cl. 6.3, EC3)
Prepared by: Eng. Chamil Duminda Mahagamage

α= imperfection factor (Table 6.1 EC3) 2
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Members subject to combined axial force and bending
The design approach for members subject to combined axial (compression) force and bending
recommended in EC3 is based on the equivalent moment factor method, which necessitates
that the following ultimate limit states are checked.
1. resistance of cross sections to the combined effects.
2. buckling resistance of member to the combined effects
Resistance of cross sections – bending and axial force (Cl. 6.2.9, EC3)

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For bi-axial bending

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Buckling resistance of members – combined bending and axial compression (Cl.6.3.3)
Members which are subjected to combined bending and axial load should satisfy the
following.
Interaction Factors
Two alternative methods for calculating values of

the interaction factors used in above equations are
presented in EC3. Both methods are based on
second-order in-plane elastic stability theory and
have been validated using the same set of results
of numerical simulations from finite analysis
laboratory data. However, the emphasis in Method
1 appears to be on transparency of structural
behavior and precision whereas in the case of
Method 2 some allowance for practical
convenience has also been made. Consequently,
only the formulation for Method 2, contained
within Annex B, is presented, as it is somewhat
simpler and therefore more amenable to hand
calculations.

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Example 01 1/21/2018

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Design of Column Base Plates
Generally, column base plates should be checked to ensure

1. The bearing pressure does not exceed the design bearing strength of the
foundations
2. The bending moment in the compression or tension region of the base plate
does not exceed the resistance moment.
Bearing pressure and strength
The aim of design is to ensure that the bearing pressure does not exceed the
bearing strength of the concrete, fi,

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Resistant Moment
To prevent bending failure, the bending moment in the baseplate, msd, must not
exceed the resistance moment, mRd

Example 02 1/21/2018

Design of Connections 1/21/2018

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Material Properties
Nominal bolt strengths (Cl. 3.3 EC3-8)

The recommended bolt classes and associated nominal values of the yield
strength fyb , and the ultimate tensile strength fub, (to be adopted as characteristic
values in design calculations) are given in Table 3.1 EC3-8.
Filler Metals
Clause 4.2(2) of EC3-8 recommends that the specified yield strength, ultimate
tensile strength, etc., of the filler metals used in welded connections should be
equal or greater than the corresponding values specified for the steel being
welded.
Partial Safety Factors

Partial safety factors are given in Table 2.1 of EC3-8.

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Design of Bolted Connections (Cl. 3.6 EC3-8)
Clearances in holes for fasteners
Minimum and maximum spacing
between fasteners
2.2d0 ≤ p1 ≤ Min {14t,200mm}
2.4d0 ≤ p2 ≤ Min {14t,200mm}
Minimum and maximum end and edge distances
d0 – hole diameter
t – thickness of thinner outer
connected part
1.2d0 ≤ e1,e2 ≤ Max {8t,125mm} Prepared by: Eng. Chamil Duminda Mahagamage
14
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Design shear resistance per shear plane
Note-: It should be noted that these values for

design shear resistance apply only where the
bolts are used in holes with nominal clearances.
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Bearing Resistance

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High Strength Bolts in Slip Resistant Connections
Slip Resistance

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Welded Connections (Cl. 4.5.3.3 EC3-8)
According to the simplified method the design resistance of a fillet weld will
be adequate if at all points the design value of the weld force per unit length,
Fw,Ed, is less than or equal to the design weld resistance per unit length, Fw,Rd.

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Type of connections and their designs
1. Tension splice connections

This involves determining design values of the following parameters.
- design shear resistance of fasteners

- critical bearing resistance
- critical tensile resistance

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Example 03

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2. Welded end plate to beam connection
Example 04

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3. Bolted beam to column connection using an end plate
This involves carrying out the following checks
- ductility of the material/joint
- shear resistance of fasteners
- bearing resistance of fasteners
- resistance of welded connections
- shear resistance of end plate
- local shear resistance of beam web
- block tearing failure

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Example 05 1/21/2018

4. Bolted double angle web cleat beam to column connection 1/21/2018
The design involves determining the design values of the following
parameters:
- design shear resistance of parameters
- bearing resistance of fasteners
- shear resistance of cleats
- distribution of shear forces between fasteners
- bearing resistance of beam web
- block tearing failure

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Example 06 1/21/2018


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1/21/2018

Design of Steel Columns

Compression resistance of cross sections (Cl. 6.2.4, EC3)

1 Prepared by: Eng. Chamil Duminda Mahagamage

Prepared by: Eng. Chamil Duminda Mahagamage

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Two alternative methods for calculating values of

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Design of Column Base Plates

Generally, column base plates should be checked to ensure

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Nominal bolt strengths (Cl. 3.3 EC3-8)

Partial Safety Factors

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2.2d0 ≤ p1 ≤ Min {14t,200mm}

2.4d0 ≤ p2 ≤ Min {14t,200mm}

Minimum and maximum end and edge distances

Note-: It should be noted that these values for

16 Prepared by: Eng. Chamil Duminda Mahagamage

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1. Tension splice connections

- design shear resistance of fasteners

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