LAND SLIDES

DEFINITION:
 Land slide is also known as landslip.

 Landslides may be defined as downward

moment of a soil or rock under a influence of
gravity.
 Landslide is a geological phenomenon which
includes a wide range of ground movement.


LAND SLIDES:-
EFFECTS:
The following are some effects that caused by
landslides:-

1.Change or modify the topography of the slopes.

2.Eliminates the hegitation.
3.Damages the houses&other infrastructure facilities.
4.Weeken’s the slopes can make it more susceptible to further
landslides.
5.The roads are blocked telecommunication system, water
distribution system is also damaged.
6.Casuality such as deaths, injuries occur to the people vastly
reservoirs and dams are filled with sliding materials.
CLASSIFICATIONS:-

 The present classification is given by “SHARPE” who has

considered landslides into 3types:-


 1)flowage
 2)Sliding
 3)Subsidence


 The basics for the classification of the above groups is mainly :-

 a)Type of material involved in the sliding
 b)Rate of sliding



FLOWAGE:-
FLOWAGE:-
 Flowage is mainly occurs due to unconsolidated sediments
without development of any shear strain along the slopes.
 The entire material will move like a bass in slope or faster
rate.
 The material is moving slowly is “creep”.
 The material moving rapidly is or fast is known as
“solifluction”.
 Sliding involves with a rock material with a development of
a shear strain with a entire system.
SLIDING:-

 It is further classified into 2 types.They are:-



 1)Translation Sliding:-
 The slip surface of a landslide is straight then it
is termed as “translational” .

 2)Rotational sliding:-
 The downward and outward movement of a mass on
top of a concave upward failure surface is known as
“rotational”
TRANSLATIONAL LANDSLIDE:-
ROTATIONAL LANDSLIDE:-
INTERNAL FACTORS:-
 A) Nature of slope:-
 Most of the landslide activity is mainly controlled
by angle of the slope.
 Some slopes are stable even there are steep in
condition. Others easily sliding even in the gentle slopes.
Hence slope angle is an important consideration for the
assesment of the slides.This is called critical angle or angle
of repose.
 The critical angle of the slopes varies for
unconsolidates sediments from 35degrees to 90degrees for
crystally rocks.
 The rocks are weathered and highly jointed the
critical angle along the slopes varies in between
60to90degrees
ROLE OF WATER:-
 Majority of the landslides commonly occur in the rainy
season. This is because water which reduce the shear strength of
sediments in rocks along the source.

Composition of materials:-
The mineral composition&chemical composition of soil
& rock are also considered for the assesment of sliding
activity in any area soils mainly non-cohesive soils which
are easily sliding along with the water.
Composition of rocks:-
Such as lime stone,dolamatic limestones,more easily
weathered and decomposed may cause sliding.Texture of
rocks also participate in the sliding activity.Coarse grain
rocks especially sedimentary rocks are easily slide along
the slopes
GEOLOGICAL STRUCTURE:-

 The geological structures are take a

prominent role to facilitate the sliding
activity

 a)Bedding planes in sedimentary rocks

 b)The pressure of joints and schistosity of

metamorphic rocks
EXTEERNAL FACTORS:-

The external factors of sliding are mainly due to

human activities such as:-

1)Heavy traffic along the slopes

2)Construction of heavy structures on the hill tops
3)developmental activities
4)removal of vegetation
5)interference with natural drainage
6)overloading slopes
7)mining and quarrying activities
8)excavation of rocks
MONITORING OF LANDSLIDES:-

 Slopes monitoring is very important before

planning a civil engineering project.

 The following methods are used to monitor the sliding:-



 a)conventional surveying techniques are adopted such

as leveling and contouring along the slopes
 b)sophisticated electronic equipment are used to
recognize the any moment of soil or rock in the slope areas
 c)task benefit analysis to be undertaken along the
slopes
CONTROLLING OF LANDSLIDES:-
 The methods and measures are depending upon the
nature type of sliding activity in a particular region.
 1)providing drainage along the slopes preferably in
underground drainage system it helps the stability of the
slopes & protect from the effect of water for the sliding
materials.
 2)construction of the retaining walls depending upon the
nature of the slopes.
 3)modification
 4)slope treatment method