SHAPER,SLOTTER & PLANNER

Created by:-
130070119051-Panchal Ketul
130070119052-Parikh Manir
130070119053-Parmar Dinesh
130070119054 -Patel Akash
130070119057 -Patel Harsh
Guided By:-
Prof. J.N. JAIN
BIRLA VISHVAKARMA MAHAVIDHYALYA
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
V.V.NAGAR
Batch C-6
 SHAPER
• Shaper is Machine tool which produces flat
surfaces in horizontal, vertical or inclined
planes depending upon the orientation of
the cutting tool.

Features:
• Single point cutting tool is used for
machining. Tool is clamped in the tool post
mounted on the ram of the machine.
• The ram reciprocates to and fro, tool cuts
the material in the forward stroke, No
cutting during return stroke.
• Job is held rigidly in a vice.
APPLICATION DONE USING A SHAPER
• Machining Horizontal Surfaces

• Machining Vertical Surfaces

• Machining Angular Surfaces

• Cutting Slots, Grooves & Key ways

• Machining irregular surfaces

• Machining Splines / Cutting Gears

Main parts of a shaping
machine
1. BASE 5. CROSS RAIL
2. COLUMN 6. SADDLE
3. RAM 7. TOOL HEAD
4. TABLE 8. CLAPPER BOX

4
 CLASSIFICATION
1.Position of ram travel
• Horizontal Shaper- Ram holding the cutting tool moves In horizontal
plane
• Vertical Shaper-The cutting tool moves in vertical plane
• Traveling head Shaper-Cutting tool reciprocates & moves crosswise
simultaneously
2 Acc. to Cutting Stroke action
a) Push Type Shaper- Standard Shaper.
• Metal is removed when the ram moves away from column
• Most common type used in practice
• Unless otherwise specified, the term shaper refers to Push type
Shaper
b) Draw Type Shaper
• Metal is removed when the tool is drawn towards the column
• Allows heavier cuts to be made
• Less vibration during cutting
3 Acc. to Driving Mechanism:
a) Crank type - Driving mechanism is by crank & gear
b) Geared type - Driven by Rack & Pinion mechanism
c) Hydraulic Shaper - Driven by oil pressure developed by a pump,
which is run by an electric motor

4 Acc. to the Table Design:

a) Standard shaper- Work Table can be moved
1.Vertically & 2. Horizontally
b) Universal Shaper- Table can be moved
1. Horizontally 2. Vertically 3. Swivelled & 4. Tilted
This is mostly used in Tool Rooms
 MECHANISM
Crank and slotted lever Quick return mechanism
•The ram of the shaper may
be driven by mechanical
drive or hydraulic drive.
•Since cutting take place
only once in a double stroke
and the other stroke is idle,
the shaper ram should be
provided with a quick return
feature.
•Mechanically driven shaper
make use of the slotted arm
quick return mechanism.
 SLOTTER
• Slotter is a machine tool for shaping vertical surfaces
with a cutting tool held in a vertically reciprocating ram.
 CLASSIFICATIONS

• Puncher slotter

• Production slotter

• Tool room slotter

 SLOTTER DRIVE MECHANISMS
• Slotted disc mechanisms

• Variable speed reversible motor drive

• Hydraulic drive

• Slotted link drive

 SLOTTER FEED MECHANISM
• It is giver in three direction…..
-Longitudinal
-Cross
-Circular
• The circular feed is accomplished by a revolving work
table equipped with an indexing mechanism.
• The manual feed to the table is provided through bolt
and nut drives.
• Longitudinal rotary feed gets its motion from a cam
groove cut on the face of the bull gear.
 APPLICATIONS OF SLOTTER
• The following applications can be performed on the
slotter

• Cutting of internal grooves or key ways

• Cutting of internal gears

• Cutting of recesses
 PLANER
• Planer is a machine with a cutting tool that makes
repeated horizontal strokes across the surface of a
workpiece: used to cut flat surfaces into metal
 CLASSIFICATION OF PLANER
Planers are generalley divided into 5 types:

• Double Housing Planer

• Open Side Planer
• Edge Type Planer
• Divide Table Planer
• Pit Type Planer
 DOUBLE HOUSING PLANER
• It is the most common type of planer. It consists of mainly a
massive bed on which the worktable reciprocates, and two
vertical columns or housing, one on each side of the bed.
Each column carries a tool head that can be slide up and
down on the column.
• A cross rail fitted between the two columns may carry one or
two tool heads that can slide horizontally on the cross rail.
All the tool heads can be clamped in position, and can be
used collectively or individually depending on the
requirements.
 OPEN SIDE PLANER
• Open side planer consists of only one vertical column or housing
on which the cross rail is mounted.
• The column and the cross rail carry single and double tool
heads respectively. This type of machine permits machining of
wide work pieces.

EDGE TYPE PLANER

• This type of machine is used for machining the edges of heavy
work pieces. The work piece is clamped on the bed and the side
mounted carriage supporting the cutting tool is reciprocated
along the edge of the work piece. Cutting can take place during
both directions of carriage travel.
 DIVIDE TYPE PLANER
• It is also called tandem planer and consists of two
worktables, which may be reciprocated together or
separately. It is quite well known that, mounting and setting
of workpieces on the worktable consumes more time
thereby restricting the machine for continuous mass
production applications.
• In such cases, divided table planer can be used, where in,
one worktable can be used for setting up a new workpiece,
while the second worktable carrying workpiece is being
machined. The two tables can be joined together to hold
large workpieces.
 PIT TYPE PLANER
• A pit type planer differs from other planer in the sense that,
the table and the work piece resting on it remain stationary
and the tool reciprocates across the work surface. This type
of machine is preferred for very large work, where the
weight of the work piece and the tool required table would
make reciprocating movement difficult. The job is either
mounted on a stationary table, or on the floor inside a pit,
and hence the name pit type planer. One or two tool heads
can be mounted on the cross rail and two side tool posts the
housings, if required. The entire unit travels along the
horizontal ways and fro and, thus the tool moves past the
work surface during operation.
PLANING MACHINE PARTS

The main parts of planner are:

• Bed
•Table
•Column
•Cross rail
•Tool head
DIFFERENCES B/W SHAPER & PLANER
SHAPER PLANER
1. These are light in construction 1. Large & heavy
2. Requires less floor space area 2. More floor area
3. Tool reciprocate, the 3. Tool stationary, workpiece
workpiece is stationary move
4. Shaper tools are simple 4. quite massive
5. Only one tool use 5. More than one tool can be use
6. Perfect accuracy is not obtain 6. Maximum accuracy obtained
7. Adopted for small work 7. It is adopted for large work
8. Used for batch or job shop 8. Used for mass production
production 9. Cost of machine is high
9. Cost of machine is less