MACHINE DESIGN

Elements20- -
GOD BLESS 
All of the following groups of plastics are
thermoplastic, EXCEPT:

1. Polyvinylchloride (PVC) and polyvinyl acetate

2. Polyethylene, polypropylene, and polystyrene
3. Tetraflouroethylene (Teflon) and other
fluorocarbons
4. Phenolics, melamine and epoxy
Which of the following statement is false?

1. Ceramics are inorganic, nonmetallic solids that

are processed or used at high temperature.
2. Metals are chemical elements that form
substances that are opaque, lustrous and good
conductors of heat and electricity
3. Oxides, carbides and nitrides are considered
to be within the class of materials known as
glasses.
4. Most metals are strong, ductile, and
malleable. In general, they are heavier than most
other substances.
Which of the following is not a viscoelastic material?

1. Plastic
2. Rubber
3. Metal
4. Glass
In molecules of the same composition, what are
variations of atomic arrangements known as:

1. Polymers
2. Monomers
3. Isomers
4. Crystal system
What is the atomic packing factor for a simple cubic
crystal?

1. 0.48
2. 0.52
3. 0.75
4. 0.58
Which of the following statement is false?

1. Both copper and aluminum have a face-

centered crystal structure
2. Both magnesium and zinc have a hexagonal
close- packed crystal structure
3. Iron can have either a face- centered or a
body- centered cubic crystal structure
4. Both lead and cadmium have a hexagonal
close- packed crystal structure
Which crystal structure possesses the highest
number of close- packed planes and close – packed
direction?

1. Simple cubic
2. Face- centered cubic
3. Body- centered cubic
4. Close- packed hexagonal
What are most common slip planes for face- centered
cubic and body- centered cubic structures,
respectively?

1. face- centered : (111), body- centered : (110)

2. face- centered : (100), body- centered : (110)
3. face- centered : (110), body- centered : (111)
4. face- centered : (111), body- centered : (100)
Entrance losses between tank and pipe, or losses
through elbows, fittings and valves are generally
expressed as functions of:

1. Kinetic energy
2. Friction energy
3. Pipe diameter
4. Volume flow rate
With regard to corrosion of metals, passivation is the
process that:

1. Intensifies deterioration temporarily

2. Inhibits further deterioration
3. Changes the composition of the metal
4. Alter the grain size of the metal
How are lines of constant pressure in a fluid related
to the force field?

1. They are parallel to the force field

2. They are perpendicular to the force field
3. They are at 45 deg angles to the force field
4. They are perpendicular only to the force of
gravity
What are the units of Reynolds number for pipe flow?

1. m/s
2. Lbm/ft-sec^2
3. Ft^2/ sec
4. None of the above
For fully developed laminar flow fluids through pipes
the average velocity is what fraction of the maximum
velocity in the pipe?

1. 1/8
2. ½
3. ¼
4. ¾
For a system to be in equilibrium, the sum of the
external forces acting on the system must be:

1. Equal to unity
2. A maximum
3. Intermediate
4. Zero
The mass moment of inertia of a cylinder about its
central axis perpendicular to a circular cross section
is:

1. Directly proportional to its radius

2. Independent of its radius
3. Directly proportional to its length
4. Independent of its length
How many independent properties are required to
completely fix the equilibrium state of a pure gaseous
compound?

1. 0
2. 2
3. 1
4. 3
The moment of inertia of any pipe figure can be
expressed in units of length to the:

1. First power
2. Second power
3. Third power
4. Fourth power
The vector which represents the sum of a group of
force vectors is called the

1. Magnitude
2. Resultant
3. Sum
4. Phase angle
Which of the following is not a vector quantity?

1. Velocity
2. Speed
3. Acceleration
4. Displacement
The stress in an elastic material is;

1. Inversely proportional to the material’s yield

strength
2. Inversely proportional to the force acting
3. Proportional to the displacement of the
material acted upon by the force
4. Inversely proportional to the strain
The “SLENDERNESS RATIO” of a column is generally
defined as the ratio of its:

1. Length to its minimum width

2. Unsupported length to its maximum radius of
gyration
3. Length to its momentum of inertia
4. Unsupported length to its least radius of
gyration
The linear proportion of the stress- strain diagram of
steel is known as:

1. Modulus of elongation
2. Plastic range
3. Irreversible range
4. Elastic range
The principal stresses occur on those planes;

1. Where the shearing stress is zero

2. Which are 45 deg apart
3. Where the shearing stress is a maximum
4. Which are subjected only to tension
The ratio of the moment inertia of the cross section
of a beam to the section modulus is:

1. Equal to the radius of gyration

2. Equal to the area of the cross section
3. A measure of distance
4. Multiplied by the bending moment to
determine the stress
When an air entrainment agent is introduced into a
concrete mix:

1. The strength will increase

2. The strength will decrease
3. The strength will not be affected
4. The water/cement ratio must be reduced
from 10 -15%
Structural steel elements subjected to torsion
develop:

1. Tensile stress
2. Compressive stress
3. Shearing stress
4. Bending stress
The deflection of a beam is:

1. Directly proportional to the modulus of

elasticity and moment of inertia
2. Inversely proportional to the modulus of
elasticity and length of the beam cubed
3. Inversely proportional to the modulus of
elasticity and moment of inertia
4. Inversely proportional to the weight and
length
The differential of the shear equation is which one of
the following?

1. Load of the beam

2. Tensile strength of beam
3. Bending moment of the beam
4. Slop of the elastic curve
A vertically loaded beam, fixed at one end and simply
supported at the other is indeterminate to what
degree?

1. First
2. Second
3. Third
4. Fourth
A thin walled pressurized vessel consists of a right
circular cylinder with flat ends. Midway between the
ends the stress is greatest in what direction?

1. Longitudinal
2. Circumferential
3. Radial
4. At an angle of 45 deg to the longitudinal and
circumferential
The bending moment at a section of a beam is
derived from the

1. Sum of the moments of all external forces one

side of the section
2. Difference between the moments on one side
of the section and the opposite side
3. Sum of the moments of all external forces on
both sides of the section
4. Sum of the moments of all external forces
between supports
The stress concentration factor:

1. Is a ratio of the average stress on a section to

the allowable stress
2. Cannot be evaluated for brittle materials
3. Is the ratio of areas involved in an sudden
change of cross section
4. Is the ratio of the maximum stress produces in
a cross section to the average stress over the
section
Poisson’s ratio is the ratio of the

1. Unit lateral deformation to the unit

longitudinal deformation
2. Unit stress to unit strain
3. Shear strain to compressive strain
4. Elastic limit to proportional limit
The modulus of rigidity of a steel member is:

1. A function of the length and depth

2. Defined as the unit shear stress divided by the
unit shear deformation
3. Equal to the modulus of elasticity divided by
one plus Poisson's ratio
4. Defined as the length divided by the moment
of inertia
A thin homogeneous metallic plate containing a hole
is heated sufficiently to cause expansion. If the
coefficient of surface expansion is linear, the area of
the hole will:
1. Increase at twice the rate the area of the
metal increases
2. Increase at the same rate as the area of the
metal increases
3. Decrease at twice the rate as the area of the
metal increases
4. Decrease at the same rate as the area of the
metal increases
The linear portion of the stress – strain diagram of
steel is known as the:

1. Modulus of elasticity
2. Irreversible range
3. Plastic range
4. Elastic range
In a long column (slenderness ratio > 160) which of
the following has the greatest influence on its
tendency to buckle under a compressive load

1. The modulus of elasticity of the material

2. The compressive strength of the material
3. The radius of the column
4. Length of the column
The area of the shear diagram of a beam between
any two points on the beam is equal to the;

1. Change in shear between the two points

2. Total shear beyond the two points
3. Average moment between the two point
4. Change in moment between the two points
Poisson’s ratio is principally used in:

1. The determination of the capability of a

material for being shaped
2. The determination of capacity of a material
3. Stress- strain relationships where stresses are
applied in more than one direction
4. The determination of the modulus of
toughness
Young’s modulus of elasticity for a material can be
calculated indirectly from which of the following
properties of the material?

1. Temperature coefficient of expansion and

dielectric constant
2. Temperature coefficient of expansion and
specific heat
3. Density and velocity of sound in the material
4. Density and inter- atomic spacing in the
material
Which of the following metals has the highest specific
heat capacity at 100 deg C.

1. Aluminum
2. Copper
3. Bismuth
4. Iron
Which of the following is a member of the halogen
family?

1. Sodium
2. Hydrogen chloride
3. Fluorine
4. Phosphorus
Which of the following metals is the best heat
conductor?

1. Aluminum
2. Gold
3. Copper
4. Silver
When exposed to the atmosphere, which of the
following liquids is coolest?

1. Oxygen
2. Nitrogen
3. Argon
4. Helium
Power may be expressed in units of;

1. Ft – lbs
2. Hp – hours
3. BTU/hr
4. Kw- hours
Which of the following statements about entropy is
FALSE?

1. Entropy of a mixture is greater than that of its

components under the same conditions.
2. An irreversible process increases entropy of
the universe.
3. Entropy has the units of heat capacity
4. Entropy of a crystal at 0°F is zero.
Work of energy can be a function of all of the
following EXCEPT:

1. Force and distance

2. Power and time
3. Torque and angular rotation
4. Force and time
What is the combination of one or more metals with
a nonmetallic element?

1. Metalloid
2. Matrix composite
3. Inert
4. Ceramic
What do you call an atom that has lost or gain an
electron?

1. Ion
2. Cation
3. Hole
4. Neutron
Polymer comes from Greek words “poly” which
means “many” and meros” which means_____.

1. Metal
2. Material
3. Part
4. Plastic
The engineering materials known as “plastics” are
more correctly called ____.

1. Polyvinyl chloride
2. Polymers
3. Polyethylene
4. Mers
What combination of two or more materials that has
properties that he components materials do not have
by themselves?

1. Compound
2. Composite
3. Mixture
4. Matrix
What is a reference sheet for the elements that can
be used to form engineering materials?

1. Periodic table
2. Truth table
3. Building blocks of materials
4. Structure of materials
Who has been accepted as the author of the periodic
table which was developed by chemists in the mid-
nineteenth century?

1. Vickes
2. Knoop
3. Rockwell
4. Mendeleev
What physical property of a material that refers to
the point at which a material liquefies on heating or
solidifies on cooling

1. Melting point
2. Curie point
3. Refractive index
4. Specific heat
What physical property of a material that refers to
the temperature at which ferromagnetic materials
can no longer be magnetized by outside forces?

1. Melting point
2. Thermal conductivity
3. Thermal expansion
4. Curie point
What is the ratio of the velocity of light in a vacuum
to its velocity in another material?

1. Refractive index
2. Poisson ratio
3. Density
4. Mach number
What physical property of a material refers to the
amount of weight gain(%) experienced in a polymer
after immersion in water for a specified length of
time under a controlled environment?

1. Dielectric element
2. Electric resistivity
3. Water absorption
4. Thermal conductivity
What physical property of a material that refers to
the rate of heat flow per unit time in a homogeneous
material under steady- state conditions, per unit
area, per unit temperature gradient in a direction
perpendicular to the area.

1. Thermal expansion
2. Thermal conductivity
3. Heat distortion temperature
4. Water absorption
What is the absolute value of the ratio of the
transverse strain to the corresponding axial strain in a
body subjected to uniaxial stress?

1. Poisson’s ratio
2. Euler’s ratio
3. Refractive index
4. Dielectric index
What physical property of a material refers to the
highest potential difference (voltage) that an
insulating material of given thickness can withstand
for a specified time without occurrence of electrical
breakdown through its bulk?

1. Thermal expansion
2. Conductivity
3. Dielectric strength
4. Electrical resistivity
What physical property of a material refers to the
ratio of the amount of heat required to raise the
temperature of a unit mass of a substance 1 degree
to the heat required to raise the same mass of water
to 1 degree?

1. Specific heat
2. Latent heat
3. Heat of fusion
4. Heat fission
What physical property of a material refers to the
temperature at which a polymer under a specified
load shows a specified amount of deflection?

1. Curie temperature
2. Specific heat
3. Heat distortion temperature
4. Thermal conductivity
What material property of a material refers to the
nominal stress at fracture in a tension test at
constant load and constant temperature?

1. Creep strength
2. Stress rupture strength
3. Compressive strength
4. Hardness
What mechanical property of a material refers to the
resistance to plastic deformation?

1. Rigidity
2. Plasticity
3. Ductility
4. Hardness
What typical penetrator is used in Brinell hardness
test?

1. 10 mm ball
2. 120° diamond (brale)
3. 1.6 mm diameter ball
4. 20° needle
What parameter is defined as the temperature at
which the toughness of the material drops below
some predetermined value, usually 15 ft-lb?

1. Nul ductility temperature

2. Curie temperature
3. Thermal conductivity
4. Heat distortion temperature
What is obtained by repeatedly loading a specimen at
given stress levels until it fails?

1. Elastic limit
2. Endurance limit fatigue strength of material
3. Creep
4. All of these
What dimensional property of a material refers to
the deviation from edge straightness?

1. Lay
2. Out of flat
3. Camber
4. Waviness
What dimensional property of a material refers to a
wavelike variation from a perfect surface, generally
much wider in spacing and higher in amplitude than
surface roughness?

1. Lay
2. Waviness
3. Surface finish
4. Out of lay
Wood is composed of chains of cellulose molecules
bonded together by another natural polymer
called___.

1. Plastic
2. Lignin
3. Mer
4. Additive
What is a polymer process that involves forming a
polymer chain containing two different monomers?

1. Copolymerization
2. Blending
3. Alloying
4. Cross- linking
What is the generic name of a class of polymer which
is commercially known as “nylon”?

1. Polyacetals
2. Polyamide
3. Cellulose
4. polyester
By definition, a rubber is a substance that has at least
___ elongation in tensile test and is capable of
returning rapidly and forcibly to its original
dimensions when load is removed.

1. 100%
2. 150%
3. 200%
4. 250%
What is a method of forming polymer sheets or films
into three- dimensional shapes, in which the sheet is
clamped on the edge, heated until it softens and
sags, drawn in contact with the mold by vacuum, and
cooled while still in contact with the mold?

1. Calendering
2. Blow mold
3. Thermoforming
4. Solid phase forming
What is the process of forming continuous shaped by
forcing a molten polymer through a metal die?

1. Calendering
2. Thermoforming
3. Lithugraphy
4. Extrusion
What chemical property of a material which refers
deterioration by chemical or electrochemical
reactions with environment?

1. Stereo specificity
2. Corrosion resistance
3. Conductivity
4. Electrical resistance
What refers to the tendency for polymers and
molecular materials to form with an ordered, spatial,
three – dimensional arrangement of monometer
molecules?

1. Stereo specificity
2. Conductivity
3. Retentivity
4. Spatial configuration
What is the ratio of maximum load in a tension test
to the original cross- sectional area of the test bar?

1. Tensile strength
2. Yield strength
3. Shear strength
4. Flexural strength
What is the ratio of stress to strain in a material
loaded within its elastic range?

1. Poisson’s ratio
2. Refractive index
3. Modulus of elasticity
4. Percent elongation
What is a measure of rigidity?

1. Stiffness
2. Hardness
3. Strength
4. Modulus of elasticity
The greatest stress which a material is capable of
withstanding without a deviation form acceptable of
stress to strain is called___.

1. Elongation
2. Proportional limit
3. Yield point
4. Elastic limit
What refers to the stress at which a material exhibits
a specified deviation form proportionality of stress
and strain?

1. Tensile strength
2. Shear strength
3. Yield strength
4. Flexural strength
What is the amount of energy required to fracture a
given volume of material?

1. Impact strength
2. Endurance strength
3. Creep strength
4. Stress rupture strength
What mechanical property of a material which is
time-dependent permanent strain under stress?

1. Elongation
2. Elasticity
3. Creep
4. Rupture
In tensile testing, the increase in the gage length
measured after the specimen fractures within the
gage length is called____.

1. Percent elongation
2. Creep
3. Elasticity
4. Elongation
What is the resistance of a material to plastic
deformation?

1. Hardness
2. Stiffness
3. Creepage
4. Rigidity
What is the maximum stress below which a material
can theoretically endure an infinite number of stress
cycles?

1. Endurance state
2. Endurance test
3. Endurance limit
4. Endurance strength
What is the substance that attracts piece of iron?

1. Conductor
2. Semiconductor
3. Magnet
4. All of the choices
Which of the following is a natural magnet?

1. Steel
2. Magnesia
3. Lodestone
4. Soft iron
Which of the following materials has permeability
slightly less than of free space?

1. Paramagnetic materials
2. Non- magnetic materials
3. Ferromagnetic materials
4. Diamagnetic materials
What materials has permeabilities slighter greater
than that of free space?

1. Paramagnetic materials
2. Non- magnetic materials
3. Ferromagnetic materials
4. Diamagnetic materials
Which of the following materials have very high
permeabilities?

1. Paramagnetic materials
2. Non – magnetic materials
3. Ferromagnetic materials
4. Diamagnetic materials
What is defined by ASTM as a material that contains
an essential ingredient an organic substance of large
molecular weight, is solid in its finished state, and at
some stage in its manufactured or in its processing
into finished articles can be shaped by flow?

1. Metal
2. Metalloid
3. Plastic
4. Ceramic
Some polymetric materials such as epoxies are
formed by strong primary chemical bonds called____.

1. Metallic bond
2. Van der Waals bond
3. Cross linking
4. Covalent bond
What do you call polymer without additives and
without blending with another polymer?

1. Homopolymer
2. Ethenic polymer
3. Polyethylene
4. Copolymer
Steels that are used for axles, gears and similar parts
are requiring medium to high hardness and high
strength are known as:

1. Medium – carbon steels

2. Very high – carbon steels
3. Low – carbon steels
4. High – carbon steels
What method used to determine the reactions on
continuous beams?

1. Two – moment equations

2. Three – moment equations
3. Second moment equations
4. Third moment equations
Which of the following is the measure of torsional
stress?

1. Accuracy
2. Rigidity
3. Stiffness
4. Rigidity
It is a type of coil where the helical coil is wrapped
into a circle forming an annular ring.

1. Volute spring
2. Hair sping
3. Motor spring
4. Garter spring
What type of compound screw which produces a
motion equal to the difference in motion between
the two component screws

1. Machine screw
2. Tanden screw
3. Differential screw
4. Variable screw