Fire Protection

System
Block 2C
03 Hours
05 Progress Check Questions

Figure 2-4 Nacelle

Figure 2-5 Turbine
Figure 2-6 Fire Warning
Figure 3-2 Fire Extinguishing

Student Objective:
Using applicable technical orders,
analyze fire detection and
protection systems of C-130E/H
aircraft for malfunctions with a
minimum accuracy of 80%
 Introduction

Fire warning and overheat detectors are

provided for the engine nacelles and
the APU/GTC compartment.
Fire extinguishing systems are provided
for the engine nacelles and the
APU/GTC compartment.
 Safety Concerns

Be careful when working around or

handling Fire Bottle squibs. Stray
voltage has the possibility of setting
them off. Do not put squibs in
pockets, use approved carrying
containers and properly ground
themselves prior to handling squibs.
 Safety Concerns

 Do not actuate Turbine Overheat for

more than 30 seconds.

 Do not actuate AGENT DISCHARGE.

 Ensure system is safe prior to

performing maintenance on a particular
task(s).
 Corrosion Control

 Corroded contacts on system detectors

can result in a faulty test or detection

 Fire agents may pose a hazardous

exposure to personnel and highly
corrosive.
C-130 Fire Protection Systems:
Detection/Warning/Extinguishing

Nacelle Overheat
Turbine Overheat
Fire Warning System
Fire Extinguishing System
C-130 Fire Protection Systems:
Detection/Warning/Extinguishing

Nacelle Overheat
Turbine Overheat
Fire Warning System
Fire Extinguishing System
 Nacelle Overheat System

 The Nacelle
Overheat system
consists of 6
thermoswitch
detectors located in
the engine nacelle.

7 ea. on AF85-0035 & up

Figure 2.1
 Nacelle Overheat System
The system has four blocking
rectifiers that prevent an
overheat condition from
illuminating all four warning
lights.

Circuit protection (CB’s) are

located on the Copilot’s side
circuit breaker panel.
 Nacelle Overheat System
The warning lights are located on the
Copilot’s forward instrument
panel

Panel incorporates a test switch and

Master Warning light.

Each engine system is a separate

loop with a common test switch.
2-2.1
 Nacelle Overheat System
 Aircraft AF92-0547 through 2104 and AF92-3281
and up the system consists of:
– 5 circuit breakers
– 7 thermoswitch detectors
– test switch located on the Fire Control Panel
– four blocking rectifiers
– Nacelle Overheat maintenance indicator on C-130H
AF93-1036 and Up.
– The indication of a nacelle overheat problem will
illuminate the appropriate Fire T-Handle and the
MASTER FIRE indicator warning lights on the pilot’s
and copilot’s master caution and warning panels.
Nacelle Overheat System Operation
 The detectors are closed by the
expansion of an outer shell when heated
to a temperature of 149 degrees Celsius
(300 degrees Fahrenheit) or higher.

 The detectors are connected in a loop

circuit.

 The loop must not be broken for the test

to work.
Nacelle Overheat System Operation
 The system will continue to operate with one
break in the loop. More than one break will
isolate that thermo switch detector.

 The detectors complete a ground circuit

through the mounting bracket to illuminate the
appropriate light.

 The NACELLE FIRE WARNING nameplate

light will illuminate with an overheat detection
and testing of the system.
Nacelle Overheat System Operation

 The TESTING of the system checks the

warning lights, maintenance indicator,
and continuity of all four circuits
simultaneously.
– The TEST does not check DETECTOR
(thermoswitch) CONTINUITY or
OPERATION.
Nacelle Overheat Animation

One break in system loop = No Test, But Functionality

Fill in the blanks
No flow, positive powered loop
#1 Indication
#1 Indication
Different Nacelle

Even though grounded,

rectifier prevents electron
flow from #1 power to
illuminate other nacelles
Press to test
 One break in system

The system will not test

 One break in system

But will work

C-130 Fire Protection Systems:
Detection/Warning/Extinguishing

Nacelle Overheat
Turbine Overheat
Fire Warning System
Fire Extinguishing System
C-130 Fire Protection Systems:
Detection/Warning/Extinguishing

Nacelle Overheat
Turbine Overheat
Fire Warning System
Fire Extinguishing System
Turbine Overheat

 The system consists of:

– One C/B per T-handle (ESS DC bus)
– Four thermal switch detectors per T-handle
– Two lights per T-handle
– 1 Keyer Unit per T-handle
– A single part of on a four pole test switch
– Test Toggle Switch (avoid keyer burnout)

 A separate system is provided for each engine, and consists of one part of a four
pole test switch and four detectors.

 The master fire warning panel on the pilot’s instrument panel is common to all
four detection circuits and will flash when an overheat condition exist.
Turbine Overheat
 The turbine overheat warning system
is an adjustable thermal switch
detector type

 When an overheat condition occurs:

– temperatures are greater than 700 degrees F
– Both bulbs in the T-handle illuminate (flashing)
– The Master Fire Warning light illuminates
(flashing)
Turbine Overheat Animation

One break in system loop = No Test, But Functionality

Turbine Overheat
Turbine Overheat
System Ready

Note: no flow of electrons.

System is just an extension
of the ESS DC system.
Turbine Overheat
System Test

Provides a ground, electrons

flow, lights illuminate.
Flasher heats up.
Turbine Overheat
System Test

Provides a ground, electrons

flow, lights illuminate.
Flasher provides positive to
the master which is
grounded.
Turbine Overheat
break prevents system test
Turbine Overheat
system still operational
3/8/2018
Pilot’s Lower Circuit Breaker Panel
Compartment

1. SCNS reverse current relay.

2. Hydraulic boost suction pump relay.
3. Hydraulic utility suction pump relay.
4. Overheat detector warning keyer eng. #1.
5. Overheat detector warning keyer eng. #2.
6. Instrument transformer #1.
7. SCNS power. Ess DC (3-bOA CL).
8. Feather pump motor relay eng. #1.
9. Feather pump motor relay eng. #2.
10. Feather pump motor relay eng. #3.
11. Feather pump motor relay eng. #4.
12. Ess. Avi. bus failsafe bypass contactor
(ESU)(K1 A).
13. Ess Avi. bus off indicator relay (ESU)(K2A).
14. Indicator light dimmers #1.
15. Indicator light dimmers #2.
16. Indicator light dimmers #3.
17. Indicator light dimmers #4.
18. Indicator light dimmers #5.
19. Indicator light dimmers #6.
20. Indicator light dimmers #7.
21. Indicator light dimmers #8.
22. Manual elevator trim tab control disengage
relay.
23. Co-pilot inst. power transformer relay.
24. Cargo comp. Air distribution fan relay.
25. Light dimmer control relay.

3/8/2018
C-130 Fire Protection Systems:
Detection/Warning/Extinguishing

Nacelle Overheat
Turbine Overheat
Fire Warning System
Fire Extinguishing System
C-130 Fire Protection Systems:
Detection/Warning/Extinguishing

Nacelle Overheat
Turbine Overheat
Fire Warning System
Fire Extinguishing System
 Fire Detection and Warning System

 The fire detection system senses the presence of a fire in the engine
nacelles or the APU/GTC compartment.

 The system consists of five separate detection systems and one

common test system.

 The components of the fire detection and warning system consist

of:
– Inconel sensing element
– Control Unit (one per system, 5 total)
– Two or Four single lamps (lights) depending on model
 Fire Detection and Warning System

 The APU/GTC consist of a sensing element and

control unit in the compartment and two signal
lamps in the fire emergency handle.

 A master fire warning panel on the pilot’s

instrument panel illuminates when a fire condition
exists.
 Fire Detection and Warning System
Note:

 On aircraft AF92-0547 thru 2104 and AF92-3281

and up, have a “mode advisory caution and
warning system” (MACAWS), panel which
illuminates when a fire condition exists.
 AF95-1001 and up, incorporated a audible
warning with the system indication.
 Fire Warning Sensing Elements

 Consists of an inconel tube that

encloses a wire imbedded in a special
ceramic core. Inconel metal (nickel)
is temperature and corrosion
resistant.
 The electrical resistance of the
ceramic core decreases as
temperature increases, permitting a
small current flow between the wire
and the outer grounded shell of the
inconel tube.
 Fire Control Unit

 The control unit is hermetic.

(away from danger zone)

 When the temperature reaches

a certain value, the flow of
current increases enough to
trigger the unit.
– The unit then completes the
circuit to the lights in the fire
handles and the master warning,
and illuminate steady.
Figure 2-3
MC-130E
Fire Warning System Animation

One break in system loop = No Test, But Functionality

Fire Warning System
Fire Warning System
Normal Operation

System Ready
Fire Warning System
Fire Indication:

Breaks in loop will not

trigger indication if clean
break. Broken with a
pinched ground may indicate

Signal sent
when tubing
grounds out
due to temp
Fire Warning System
System Test

Electronically Simulates
Fire to Control Unit
Fire Warning System
Troubleshooting
C-130 Fire Protection Systems:
Detection/Warning/Extinguishing

Nacelle Overheat
Turbine Overheat
Fire Warning System
Fire Extinguishing System
C-130 Fire Protection Systems:
Detection/Warning/Extinguishing

Nacelle Overheat
Turbine Overheat
Fire Warning System
Fire Extinguishing System
 Fire Extinguishing System

The system consists of:

– Two bottles filled with agent and equipped with a
discharge squib.
– Two-Way Check Valve
– Valve Control Assembly
– Directional Control Valves
Valve Control Assembly

 Consist of a wafer switch and one

pole switch.

 Energizes when a fire emergency

handle is pulled and positions the
directional control valves to direct
agent to the appropriate engine
nacelle or APU/GTC compartment.
 Two Way Check Valve
 Is installed between the
two agent bottles and
prevents the agent fired
from one bottle from
discharging into the
other agent bottle.

 The check valve has

two inlet and one outlet
ports.
 Directional Control Valves

 These valves are solenoid

actuated flapper valves, with
one inlet and two outlets.

 When the solenoid is

energized, the flapper blocks
the normally open port.

 The valve has a spring that

keeps the valve slightly off
seat to allow line venting when
a agent bottle is fired.
Fire Extinguishing Animation
Fire Extinguishing
Fill in the blanks
Fire Extinguishing
Normal Operation

System Ready
Fire Extinguishing
APU T handle pulled

ZOOM
Fire Extinguishing
#4 T handle pulled
Review…
 Nacelle Overheat (steady)
Bleed Air is usual suspect
– What: 6 Thermal switch detectors (300 F)
– Where: Engines only
– How: Indicated by lights on co-pilot’s panel

 Turbine Overheat (flashing)

– What: 4 Thermal switch detectors (700 F) per T-handle Don’t Hold Test Switch For
– Where: Engines only More Than 30 Seconds
– How: Indicated by T-Handles and Master (could burn out the keyers)

 Fire Warning (steady)

– What: 1 Inconel tubing and control box per T-handle
– Where: Engines and APU
– How: Indicated by T-Handles and Master

 Fire Extinguishing
Don’t put squibs in pocket
– What: 2 Agent Bottles of Halon
19.6 lbs of Halon 1011
– Where: Engines and APU
22.0 lbs of Halon 1201
– How: directional control valves & valve control
19.6 lbs of Halon 1211
600-640 at 70° F
Fire Emergency Handle Circuit Schematic
Fire Warning Simplified