Roles and Responsibilities of

Project Managers
BSS666: LECT 3
 Fundamental Reasons of PM’s
failure
• Resources constraints
• Unrealistic deadlines
• Unclear goals & directions
• Team members uncommitted
• Insufficient planning
• Communication breakdown
• Changes in goals / resources
• Conflicts between departments/ functions

Resources constraints.docx
http://www.umsl.edu/~sauterv/analysis/6840_f03_papers/fre
se/

http://www.gantthead.com/article.cfm?ID=187449

http://www.databasedesign-resource.com/project-management-
failure.html
 Other Factors
• Underestimate of the technical difficulty
• Non – compliance with procedures
• Problems with software projects
• Inability to control contractor’s work & failure to use
specialist staff
• Weakness in contract management
• Lack of effective planning & control
• Interruptions in funding
• Escalation in cost
• Changing in specification
 Functions of Project Management
for Construction (PMI, 2007)
1. Specification of Project Objectives:
Including delineation of scope, budgeting, scheduling, setting performance
requirements, and selecting project participants.

2. Maximise Resource Utilization

Through procurement of technology, labour, materials and equipment
according to the prescribed schedule and plan.

3. Coordination and Control:

Planning, design, estimating, contracting and construction in the entire
process.

4. Manage communications and mechanisms for resolving conflicts among

the various project participants.
 Project Manager’s Knowledge and Skills
1. Project Integration Management:
Ensure that the various project elements are effectively
coordinated.

2. Project Scope Management:

Ensure that all the work required (and only the required
work) is included.

3. Project Time Management:

Provide an effective project schedule.
 Project Manager’s Knowledge and
Skills
4. Project Cost Management:
Identify needed resources and maintain budget control.

5. Project Quality Management:

Ensure functional requirements are met.

6. Project Human Resource Management:

Develop and effectively employ project personnel.
Project Manager’s Knowledge and
Skills
7. Project Communication Management:
Ensure effective internal and external
communications.

8. Project Risk Management:

Analyze and mitigate potential risks.

9. Project Procurement Management:

Obtain necessary resources from external sources.
 Activity in class
Discuss on the PM’s knowledge and skills
 Role of a Project Manager

• In general, the project manager is responsible for the

overall success of the project.

• In some companies, this person might be called a

Project Coordinator, or a Team Leader, or other titles

• However, the key aspect is that the person is

responsible for ensuring the success of the project.
 The Role of a Project Manager
Process Responsibilities:
Once the project starts, the project manager
must successfully manage and control the
work, including:
 Identifying, tracking managing and resolving
project issues
 Proactively disseminating project information
to all stakeholders
 Identifying, managing and mitigating project
risk
 Ensuring that the solution is of acceptable
quality
 Role of the Project Manager
Manage the Project Process:
• Proactively managing scope to ensure that only what
was agreed to is delivered, unless changes are
approved through scope management

• Defining and collecting metrics to give a sense for how

the project is progressing and whether the deliverables
produced are acceptable

• Managing the overall schedule to ensure work is

assigned and completed on time and within budget
 Role of the Project Manager
Manage People:
 Having the discipline and general management skills to
make sure that people follow the standard processes
and procedures

 Establishing leadership skills to get the team to willingly

follow your direction.

 Setting reasonable, challenging and clear expectations

for people, and holding them accountable for meeting
the expectations. This includes providing good
performance feedback to team members

 Proactive verbal and written communicator skills,

including good, active listening skills.
 Role of the Project
Manage People:Manager
• Team building skills:
So that the people work together well, feel motivated to
work hard for the sake of the project and their other
team members.

The larger the team and the longer the project, the more
important it is to have good team-building skills.
 Role of the Project
Multiple Roles: Manager
 Depending on the size and complexity of the project, the
project manager may take on other responsibilities in
addition to managing the work.

Example, PM may :
 assist with gathering business requirements
 help design a database management system
 write some of the project documentation, etc.

Project management is a particular role that a person fills,

even if the person who is the project manager is working in
other roles as well.
The Role of a Project Manager

to ensure the success of the project

 Project Appraisal:
• Appraisal is the analysis of a proposed
project to determine its merit and
acceptability in accordance with
established criteria. This is the final step
before a project is agreed for financing. It
checks that the project is feasible against
the situation on the ground, that the
objectives set remain appropriate and that
costs are reasonable
 Appraisal Technique:
1. Technical Appraisal
What are the pre-requisite for the success of project considered?
Good choice with regard to location, size, process, machine etc

2. Economic Appraisal
Social cost-benefit analysis
Direct economic benefits and costs in terms of shadow prices
Impact of project on distribution of income in society
Impact on level of savings and investments in society
Impact on fulfillment of national goals; self sufficiency, employment,
social order
 Appraisal Technique: (cont’d)
1. Ecological Appraisal
Impact of project on quality of air, water, noise, vegetation, human
life
Major projects such as these cause environmental damage; power
plants, irrigation schemes, industries like bulk drugs, chemicals
and leather processing

2. Financial Appraisal
Whether the project is financially viable?
- servicing debt
- meeting return expectations
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