Class 09 Ud - Analysis of Urban Spaces India

ANALYSIS OF URBAN SPACES THROUGH HISTORY ( INDIA)
Ar. Ravindra Patnayaka, B.Arch, M.Tech Planning, PGDESM

Assistant Professor,
GITAM SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE, Visakhapatnam.
ANCIENT INDIA
URBAN SETTINGS THROUGH HISTORY : VEDIC VILLAGE
URBAN SETTINGS THROUGH HISTORY : INDUS VILLAGE
• All the major sites (Harappa,

Mohenjodaro, Kalibangan and others),
are divided into two parts–a citadel on
R.I`ndus``
higher mound onto the western side and Harappa
a lower town onto the eastern side of Mohenjo Daro
the respective settlement.

Mohen jo Daro
Open Drain System
Unexposed Street
Network
Grand Granary
Upper Floor Timber Bed Room

Balcony
Great Bath
Main Street Living Room Courtyard Well Bath

with stairs & Entry
Community Well
Clustered Housing
URBAN SETTINGS THROUGH HISTORY : MANA – SARA
CHANAKYA’S VAASTU PRINCIPLES
Nandyavartha
Dandaka Sarvathobhadra Nandyavartha Padmaka Swastika
Prasthara Karmukha Chaturmukha

URBAN SETTINGS THROUGH HISTORY : AYODHYA
SARAYU RIVER
Ayodhya.. With little over 10

sq Km in area, lying on the
banks of the river Ghagra or
Saryu, this ancient city is
believed to be the birth place
of Lord Rama.
Here & There

Towering
Urban Texture, Color, Material

URBAN SETTINGS THROUGH HISTORY : DWARAKA
URBAN SETTINGS THROUGH HISTORY : DWARAKA
Sub sea Archeological Remains

URBAN SETTINGS THROUGH HISTORY : VARANASI
SKYLINE
Traditional Urban Square
Sun Shielded Street
STREET LIFE Habitats over Contours

Urban Canvas “LIVE AND LET LIVE”

Informal sector
Colorful Cool Cozy Corners SARAI – A shaded transit halt

Platform for Ritual

Offerings
Community Gathering Ritual Baths
An Informal Promenade Artist’s Arena Travellator to The Heaven

URBAN SETTINGS THROUGH HISTORY : URBAN CANVAS
BHUBHANESWAR
MEDIEVAL INDIA
URBAN SETTINGS THROUGH HISTORY :
The medieval era in the Indian history begins from the decline of Vedic era in the end of
6thcentury until 12thcentury.
During the period, a large number of kingdoms flourished in the region.
Great cities were developed and prospered.
Religion, military & politics formed the basis of city planning.
The Mauryan and Gupta dynasty in the north, Cholas and Pandyvas in the south, Aghom
dynasty of Assam, Rajputs of Rajasthan, Hoslaya dynasty of Karnataka and various other
smaller empires existed at the time.
URBAN SETTINGS THROUGH HISTORY : MEDIEVAL
In South India between 800 and 1300 CE urbanization received a strong stimulus where the
rise of cities was connected with the rise and decline of dynasties.
The inner squares were occupied by the upper castes while the lower castes lived in the
periphery of the city.
From 1000 to 1526 CE urabanization in North India bore the stamp of the new Muslim rulers.
The Mughal period witnessed a high level of urbanization.
At the southern periphery of the Mughal empire, the rise of the Bahmani kingdoms and
Vijayanagara empire, the Marathas and the Nizam of Hyderabad contributed to urban
development.
Eg: Pune, Golconda, Hyderabad, Bijapur and Aurangabad are urban centres of this period.
TEMPLE TOWNS IN INDIA
URBAN SETTINGS THROUGH HISTORY : TEMPLE TOWNS
MADHURAI
PLAN OF THE MADURAI 18TH CENT PLAN OF THE MADURAI

(WITH THE TEMPLE SHADED) (WITH THE TEMPLE SHADED)
MADHURAI
MADHURAI
SREERANGAM
SREERANGAM
Aerial photograph of Srirangam Island

between Kaveri and Kollidam rivers
SREERANGAM
SREERANGAM
URBAN SETTINGS THROUGH HISTORY :
The first Mughal capital city was established in Delhi in 1526. It was shifted to Agra and then
Akbar built an entirely new city at Fatehpur Sikri. Later, under Shahjahan the capital
returned to Delhi when Shahjahanabad was built.
Salient Features
 Location of the king - either on a high ground on one side of the city or on the river bank.
 Mosque-- Jama Musjid—the cultural focal point for the Muslim residents of the city.
 Central market place situated at the main chowk or crossroad of the city.
 Outer wall constructed for the purpose of defense.
The Mughal period witnessed the beginning of the European phase of India’s
urban history.
FATEPUR SIKRI
SHAHJAHANA BAD
URBAN SETTINGS THROUGH HISTORY : FATEPUR SIKRI
Anup Talao Turkish Sultana’s House Pachisi Court

HERE & THERE

Aunkh Michauli Pavilion

Jami Mosque
SHAHJAHANA BAD
URBAN SETTINGS THROUGH HISTORY : SHAHJAHANA BAD
Jaisalmer
URBAN SETTINGS THROUGH HISTORY : HAMPI
URBAN SETTINGS THROUGH HISTORY : SPACES
The houses of the affluent were built

over a basement, which offered a
cool retreat in the summer and a
warm adobe in the winter. A stair
case ascended from the courtyard to
additional rooms on the upper floor.
URBAN SETTINGS THROUGH HISTORY : JAISALMER
Roads give the character to the city

Square (chowk) at Road

Fort (Land Mark) from the road ( look like crown of the city)
Fort from the road ( visual interaction with fort while on road)
HERE & THERE - Main entrance to Fort from the road ( entry gate no.01)
Patua ki haveli
Royal square
Gadisar lake
HAMPI
URBAN SETTINGS THROUGH HISTORY : VEDIC VILLAGE
Presented By:
Ar.Ravindra Patnayaka, B.Arch, M.Tech(PLANNING)
THANK YOU Assistant Professor,
GITAM SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
rpdesigndesk@gmail.com

Class 09 Ud - Analysis of Urban Spaces India

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ANALYSIS OF URBAN SPACES THROUGH HISTORY ( INDIA)

Ar. Ravindra Patnayaka, B.Arch, M.Tech Planning, PGDESM

• All the major sites (Harappa,

a lower town onto the eastern side of Mohenjo Daro

the respective settlement.

Open Drain System

Upper Floor Timber Bed Room

Main Street Living Room Courtyard Well Bath

Dandaka Sarvathobhadra Nandyavartha Padmaka Swastika

Prasthara Karmukha Chaturmukha

Ayodhya.. With little over 10

Here & There

Urban Texture, Color, Material

Sub sea Archeological Remains

Traditional Urban Square

Sun Shielded Street

STREET LIFE Habitats over Contours

Urban Canvas “LIVE AND LET LIVE”

Colorful Cool Cozy Corners SARAI – A shaded transit halt

Platform for Ritual

An Informal Promenade Artist’s Arena Travellator to The Heaven

During the period, a large number of kingdoms flourished in the region.

Great cities were developed and prospered.

Religion, military & politics formed the basis of city planning.

The Mughal period witnessed a high level of urbanization.

PLAN OF THE MADURAI 18TH CENT PLAN OF THE MADURAI

Aerial photograph of Srirangam Island

 Outer wall constructed for the purpose of defense.

Anup Talao Turkish Sultana’s House Pachisi Court

HERE & THERE

Aunkh Michauli Pavilion

The houses of the affluent were built

Roads give the character to the city

Square (chowk) at Road

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