MATHEMATICS FORM 2

CHAPTER 3

ALGEBRAIC
EXPRESSIONS II

By : Pn Rosmawati bt Mat Yusop

 SIMPLIFY ALGEBRAIC EXPRESSIONS BY
GROUPING LIKE TERMS
EXAMPLE:
1. 7pq + 5 – 2pq + 3 an algebraic expression
= 7pq – 2pq + 5 + 3 Susun semula mengikut
= 5pq + 8 sebutan yg serupa (unknown
sama).
Tanda di depan setiap sebutan
2. 2xy – 5pqr + 4yx – 3pqr dibawa sekali semasa menyusun
Kira macam biasa semula.
= 2xy + 4yx – 5pqr – 3pqr
= 6xy – 8pqr
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PAGE 1
 MULTIPLY AND DIVIDE ALGEBRAIC
EXPRESSIONS BY A NUMBER
Multiply an algebraic expression by a number.
EXAMPLE:
1. 4(2p + 3)
an algebraic expression
4(2p + 3)
a number
= 4x2p + 4x3
= 8p + 12
Darabkan nombor dengan setiap sebutan dalam kurungan

4x2p + 4x3 boleh juga ditulis:

4(2p) + 4(3) ->tanda darab ditukarkan dgn kurungan
2. -2(3x – 2y + 5)

= -2 x 3x - (-2 x 2y) + (-2 x 5)

= -6x- (-4y) + (-10)

= -6x + 4y - 10
Divide an algebraic expression by a number.

EXAMPLE: an algebraic expression

a number
1. (4y - 6) ÷ 2
= 4y – 6 Tukarkan kepada bentuk pecahan

2
= 4y - 6 Bahagikan setiap sebutan dengan 2

2 2
= 2y - 3
2. (-4w – 12v) ÷ (-4)
= -4w – 12 v
-4
= - 4w - 12v
-4 -4
= w – (-3v)
= w + 3v
3. (4xy2 - 6yz) ÷ (-8)
= 4xy2 - 6yz
-8 -8
= - xy2 - (-3yz)
2 4
= - xy2 + 3yz
2 4
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 ADDITION AND SUBTRACTION INVOLVING
TWO ALGEBRAIC EXPRESSIONS
To add two algebraic expressions.
EXAMPLE:

1. 1(2ab – 3) + expression
st algebraic (ab + 1) 2nd algebraic expression
= 2ab – 3 + ab + 1

Buangkan kurungan
= 2ab + ab – 3 + 1

Susun semula mengikut

sebutan yg serupa (unknown sama).

= 3ab - 2
2. (4pq – 3qr) + (2qp - 5qr)
Buangkan kurungan
= 4pq – 3qr

+ 2qp +(-5qr)
= 4pq – 3qr + 2qp

= 4pq + 2qp – 3qr – 5qr

- 5qr Susun semula mengikut
sebutan yg serupa (unknown sama).
= 6pq

- 8qr
3. (ab +3pqr) +(2pqr – 7ab + cd)
= ab + 3pqr + 2pqr +(-7ab) +(+cd)
= ab + 3pqr + 2pqr – 7ab + cd
= ab – 7ab + 3pqr + 2pqr + cd
= -6ab + 5pqr + cd
To subtract two algebraic expressions.
EXAMPLE:

st
1 algebraic expression
1. (2ab – 3) - (ab + 1) 2nd algebraic expression
= 2ab – 3 - ab - (+1)

= 2ab – 3 – ab
Buangkan kurungan

= 2ab – ab – 3 – 1
-1 Susun semula mengikut
sebutan yg serupa (unknown sama).

= ab - 4
2. (4pq – 3qr) - (2qp - 5qr)
Buangkan kurungan
= 4pq – 3qr

- 2qp -(-5qr)
= 4pq – 3qr - 2qp

= 4pq - 2qp – 3qr + 5qr

+ 5qr Susun semula mengikut
sebutan yg serupa (unknown sama).
= 2pq

+ 2qr
3. (ab +3pqr) - (2pqr – 7ab + cd)
= ab + 3pqr - 2pqr -(-7ab) -(+cd)
= ab + 3pqr - 2pqr + 7ab - cd
= ab + 7ab + 3pqr - 2pqr - cd
= 8ab + pqr - cd
SIMPIFY ALGEBRAIC EXPRESSIONS
EXAMPLE:
1. 4(2p + 3) -2(3p – 2y + 5)
= 4x2p + 4x3 – ( 2x3p - 2x2y+ 2x5)
= 8p + 12 – (6p – 4y + 10) Buangkan kurungan

Susun semula mengikut

= 8p + 12 – 6p + 4y – 10 sebutan yg serupa (unknown sama).
= 8p – 6p + 4y + 12 – 10
= 2p + 4y + 2