PENGUJIAN

LENGKUNG
(BENDING TEST)
UNTUK BAHAN BRITTLE
 Bend test - Application of a force to the
center of a bar that is supported on each
end to determine the resistance of the
material to a static or slowly applied load.
 Flexural strength or modulus of rupture -
The stress required to fracture a specimen
in a bend test.
 Flexural modulus - The modulus of
elasticity calculated from the results of a
bend test, giving the slope of the stress-
deflection curve.
Figure 6.18 The stress-strain behavior of brittle materials compared with
that of more ductile materials

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METODE UJI BENDING
1. THREE POINT BENDING
2. FOUR POINT BENDING

Four-point bending is useful in

testing materials that do not fail at
the point of maximum stress in
three-point bending
 (c)2003 Brooks/Cole, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Thomson Learning ™ is a trademark used herein under license.

Figure 6.19 (a) The bend test often used for measuring the strength
of brittle materials, and (b) the deflection δ obtained by bending

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Figure 6.21 (a) Three point and (b) four-point bend test setup

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For three-point bending, an acceptable test specimen is one at least
3.2 mm (0.125 in.) thick, 12.7 mm (0.5 in.) wide, and long enough to
overhang the supports (but with overhang less than 6.4 mm (0.25 in.)
on each end).
The load should be applied at a specified crosshead rate, and the
test should be terminated when the specimen bends or is deflected by
0.05 mm/min (0.002 in./min).

The flexural stress (S) at the outer fibers at mid-span in three-point

bending is calculated from the following expression:

S = 3FL/2wh2
in which F is the force at a given point on the deflection curve, L is
the support span, w is the width of the bar, and h is the depth of
the beam.
 (c)2003 Brooks/Cole, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Thomson Learning ™ is a trademark used herein under license.

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bend test
Figure 6.20

curve for Mg0

obtained from a
Stress-deflection
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 Example 6.6 Flexural Strength of Composite Materials

The flexural strength of a composite material reinforced with glass fibers is

45,000 psi and the flexural modulus is 18  106 psi. A sample, which is 0.5
in. wide, 0.375 in. high, and 8 in. long, is supported between two rods 5 in.
apart. Determine the force required to fracture the material and the
deflection of the sample at fracture, assuming that no plastic deformation
occurs.
Example 6.6 SOLUTION

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