ISLAMIC

ARCHITECTURE
IN
TURKEY, PERSIA
AND ARAB.
ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE IN PERSIA
Mosque at kufa
• Masjid-al-Azam located in Kūfa, Iraq,
is one of the earliest mosques in the
world. The mosque, built in the 7th
century, contains the remains of Muslim
ibn ‘Aqīl - first cousin of Husayn ibn ‘Alī ,
his companion Hānī ibn ‘ Urwa, and the
revolutionary Mukhtār al- Thaqafī .

• The mosque contains nine sanctuaries

and four traditional locations. It has four
minarets and is served by five gates.
The area of the building measures
approximately 11,000 m2.
The mosque contains nine sanctuaries and four
traditional locations. It has four minarets and is
accessible through five gates:
• Gate of the Threshold (Bāb al-Sudda)
• Gate of Kinda (Bāb Kinda)
• Gate of al-Anmat (Bāb al-Anmāṭ)
• Gate of the Elephant (Bāb al-Fīl), also known
as the Gate of the Snake
• Gate of Hani ibn Urwa
ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE IN TURKEY
Mosque of Rustem
Pasha, Istanbul
• The Rüstem Pasha Mosque was designed by Ottoman imperial
Architect Mimar Sinan for the grand vizier Rüstem Pasha.
• Rüstem Pasha died in July 1561 and the mosque was built after his death from around 1561
until 1563. The mosque complex hosts now a religious school .

Exterior
• The mosque was built on a high terrace over a complex of vaulted shops, whose rents
were intended to financially support the mosque complex.
• Narrow, twisting interior flights of steps in the corners give access to a spacious
courtyard.
• The mosque has a double porch with five domed bays, from which projects a deep and
low roof supported by a row of columns.
Plan

Section
• The plan of the building is
basically that of
an octagon inscribed in a
rectangle.
• The main dome rests on
four semi-domes; not on the axes
but in the diagonals of the
building.
• The arches of the dome spring
from four octagonal pillars— two
on the north, two on the south—
and from piers projecting from
the east and west walls.
• To the north and south are
galleries supported by pillars and
by small marble columns between
them.
Interior
• The Rüstem Pasha Mosque is famous for its large quantities of İznik tiles, set in a very wide
variety of floral and geometric designs, which cover not only the façade of the porch but also
the mihrab, minbar and walls.
• There are around 80 different patterns.
• These tiles exhibit the early use of Armenian bole, a tomato-red pigment that would become
characteristic of İznik pottery.
• Some of the tiles, particularly those in a large panel under the portico to the left main
entrance, are decorated with sage green and dark manganese purple that are characteristic
of the earlier 'Damascus ware' coloring scheme.
• No other mosque in Istanbul makes such a lavish use of these tiles
Photo Gallery

Interior View Iznik Tiles

Mihrab
Portico
 Grand Mosque, Bursa

• Bursa Grand Mosque (Turkish: Ulu Cami) is a mosque in Bursa, Turkey.

• Built in the Seljuk style, it was ordered by the Ottoman Sultan Bayezid I and built between
1396 and 1399.
• The mosque has 20 domes and 2 minarets.
Plan of Grand Mosque, Bursa
• The mosque is composed of a large
central hall measuring sixty-three meters
by fifty meters, covered with twenty
domes supported on round arches that
fall on thirty piers arranged in a regular
grid.

• The structure is clearly expressed on the

exterior where the eighteen piers that
make up the wall and their connecting
arches are left in relief, with large
windows between.

• The building is entered through portals

on the north, east and west. Inside, at the
intersection of axes from all entrances, a
19th century marble ablution fountain is
illuminated from oculus of dome above,
the highest dome in the mosque.
Pool - fountain Glass dome above the 'sadirvan' (pool) once
open to the elements.