DEFINITION
WAX
RESIN
METAL
WAX & RESIN
• Advantage –
Burnable.
Have a fusion temperature lower or almost
same of the wax pattern.
• Disadvantage –
Lacks rigidity. (wax sprue).
METAL
Must be mechanically removed prior to burn
out.
May cause investment to loosen from the
wall.
To avoid this former is uniformly coated with
wax before investing so it comes out on its
own during burn out.
ADVANTAGE OF HOLLOW OVER SOLID METAL
SPRUE
06 0.4115
08 0.3264
10 0.2588
12 0.2053
14 0.1628
16 0.1291
18 0.1024
LENGTH OF SPRUE FORMER
Gypsum bonded 1/4 from open end of ring 6 from open end of ring
Phosphate bonded 1/8 from open end of ring 3-4 from open end of ring
LOCATION OF SPRUE FORMER
• Minimizes the effect of released
residual stress.
• Ensure that the thinner cross section of
the mold will be filled completely.
• Molten alloy will always be fluid
Should be attached enough and available until all lesser
to the bulkiest part dimension sections are adequately
of the wax pattern. filled.
Function:
Compensate for the shrinkage occur during
soldification of casting.
RESERVOIR
VENTING
• Small auxillary sprues or vents
have been recommended to
improve casting of thin patterns
and may help in:
• Gases escaping during casting
• Compensate for the shrinkage
during solidification.
CRUCIBLE FORMER
• Usually made of rubber, which serves as a
base for the casting ring during investing.
• The sprue is attached to the crucible.
SPRUING TECHNIQUE
DIRECT INDIRECT
SINGLE MULTIPLE
DOUBLE
CASTING RING AND LINER