Determination of
Hydrogen Ion in Feminine
Wash
Prepare SHIS:
10-1 , 10-2 , 10-3 , 10-4 , 10-5 , 10-6 M
using HCl and 0.5 M KCl
Sample Preparation
25-mL
vol. flask
Standard Calibration Method
Measurement of Standard Solution
1x10-7 -7 -9
1x10-6 -6 -1
1x10-5 -5 8
1x10-4 -4 48
1x10-3 -3 240
1x10-2 -2 304
1x10-1 -1 342
Direct Calibration
Direct Calibration
At E=99mV
Standard Addition
E2 − E1
1
(Vstd + Vo )10 S
= Vo + CstdVstd
Cunk
Volume E (mV) x y
[H+] (mL)
0 99 0 10
0.1 111 1x10-4 15.1933
• Instrumental
• Human
• Alkaline Error
– The pH glass electrode responds very selectively to hydrogen ions (H+).
However, there is a small interference caused by alkaline ions,
particularly sodium ions (Na+) but also to some extent lithium ions (Li+).
This effect, called the alkaline error, increases with increasing pH values
(pH > 9), higher alkaline concentrations and increasing temperatures.
At high pH value the hydrogen ion activity is low and the sodium ions
replace the hydrogen ions in the outer gel layer of the glass membrane.
As a result, a pH value that is lower than the actual value of the sample
solution will be measured. Under extreme conditions the glass membrane
responds only to sodium ions.