Day -1, Session -2

Safety Awareness and

PPE
Safety in Ascending/Descending Stairs

• Always hang on to handrails

• Look out for spills or debris on stairs
• Avoid talking or texting on the cell phone, reading,
eating while using stairs
• f a slip/fall occurs and you hurt yourself, report
immediately to Control Room
 Prevent Slips Trips and Falls
When Walking
These SIMPLE reminders can PREVENT broken bones,
lacerations, strains and sprains.
• AWARENESS of the surface you walk on - Obstacles,
liquids, loose gravel, leaves, pine needles, uneven areas
• AVOID wet, slippery & uneven
surfaces
• WALK, don’t run - even in case of
emergency
• Use HANDRAIL on stairs
• FOLLOW constructed pathways
• WEAR “sensible shoes”
• USE carts and dollies to move
materials
 Simple Steps to Office and Work Area Safety
• KEEP aisles, walkways and floor areas clear
• PROTECT colleagues and yourself from slipping on
spills (Clean up, barricade, report)
• CLOSE file, desk, and cabinet drawers
• Good housekeeping is absolutely essential and it
reduces the risk.
• Never stand on an office chair to reach anything,
especially if the chair has wheels or swivel
• A badly positioned computer not only makes the
user unproductive, it also causes discomfort
 Integrated Safety Management
Integrated Safety Management is a process
to systematically integrate safety into
management and work practices at all levels so
that work is done while protecting the worker,
public, and the environment.

• Plan the work

• Assess the hazards
• Control the hazards
• Conduct the work
• Provide feedback and improvement
 The Five Core Functions of Integrated
Safety Management
Plan the work: Define the tasks that are to be done
Assess the Hazards: Analyze and determine the
hazards and risks to employees, the public and
the environment
Control the Hazards: Establish controls that are
sufficient to reduce the risks to acceptable levels
Do the work: Conduct the work in accordance with
the plan and the controls
Feedback and Improvement: Review the results of
the work and try to improve it.
 Are you safe when using a ladder?
• Use the correct angle, supports, treads,
crossbrace and rails.
• Keep ladders free from slipping hazards and place
on firm level surface.
• Do not try to re-position while on it
• Carry your tools in a tool-belt or small bag, not in
your hands
• Mark defective ladders and remove from service
 Are you safe when using a ladder?
• Use the correct ladder for the job - Non-
conductive ladder near power lines or
electrical equipment
• Inspect the ladder before each use
• Only one person should climb at a time
• When climbing down a ladder, look before you
step off a ladder to obtain a sure, safe footing
 When Driving
• Be aware of your surroundings.
• Obey all traffic rules and speed limits!
• Alert others, always use turn signals
• Share the road! Watch for bicyclists,
pedestrians and motorcyclists
• Do not use phone while driving

• Watch for pedestrians and bicyclists at/near bus stops

• Look before opening doors when parked along street
• Finally Stay Focused
 Parking Lot Safety Tips
• Do not assume that drivers can see you when you
can see them. In many cases, the pedestrian sees
and hears a vehicle before a driver can see the
pedestrian due to blind spots in vehicles.
• The speed limit is 10 mph in the parking lots.
Never speed in a lot- hitting another car or a
pedestrian is never worth gaining a few seconds
or a good parking space.
• You should constantly be moving your eyes to the
left, right, and directly behind to protect yourself
on foot, as well as when you’re driving as hazards
can develop in an instant.
 Preventing Heat Stress
• To avoid Heat Stress – Drink plenty of water or other
hydrating fluid during heat weather conditions
• Wear lightweight, light colored, loose clothing that allows
free movement of cool air over the skin’s surface
• Make work demands lighter by taking frequent breaks in a
cooler area, completing them over a longer time period
• Schedule heavy work loads during the early morning hours
when it’s cooler and provide adequate water, rest and
shade when >32°C
• Symptoms of Heat Stress: Headache, dizziness, or fainting,
Weakness and wet skin, Thirst, nausea, or vomiting
 Reporting Safety Concerns
You can prevent an accident!!

• to your supervisor or
• at “Control Room” or
• write in Shift Dairy
 Regular safety inspections

are a part of YOUR job...

• We are all involved with safety
• We are all accountable for safety
• We support each other for safety
• Off-the-job safety is promoted
• We are all committed to the well-being of
coworkers and the organization as a whole
PPE
 What is PPE
• Devices used to protect an employees from
injury or illness resulting from contact with
chemical , radiological, physical, electrical,
mechanical, or other workplace hazards
• The need for PPE and the type of PPE used is
based on hazard present; each situation must
be evaluated independently.
• PPE will be provided by the employer
 Some Facts

• PPE is the last control

• Always use the right PPE for
the right purpose
• The use of PPE signifies that
the hazard could not be
controlled by other
methods, such as:
- administrative controls
- engineering or industrial
hygiene controls
 Employer Responsibility
• Employers are required to conduct an assessment to
determine the various hazards that may be present in
your work area
• Sources of motion
• Sources of high and low temperatures
• Sources of falling objects
• Sources of sharp objects
• Sources of rolling or pinching objects
• Sources of electric hazards
• Sources of slip, trips, and falls
• Sources of harmful dusts
• Sources of noise
 Selection and Provision of PPE

• Once your area has been assessed, your

employer must select, with your help,
appropriate personal protection equipment for
you to use while performing your job
• In addition to providing you with PPE, your
employer must maintain the PPE used by
employees. If a piece of PPE cannot be repaired,
it must be discarded and replaced
• Employer must maintain records of the
workplace assessment and of your training
 Employee Responsibilities
You are responsible for attending all PPE training sessions
and responsible for wearing your assigned PPE
Follow ALL Warnings and Precautions
• Take time to read any and all warnings and precautions that may
appear on tools, equipment, chemicals, MSDSs, and personal
protective equipment
Listen and Follow Directions
• Listen and follow the directions that you may be given by your
supervisor or safety manager. They want your safety
Report
• Report any and ALL unsafe conditions you may find in your work
area to your supervisor or safety manager or control room

REMEMBER: Safety is a team effort!

Is This An Appropriate Hard Hat?
Is This An Appropriate Respirator?
Is This an Appropriate Welder’s Mask?
Is This an Appropriate Scaffolding?
 Eye and Face Protection
Why Eye and Face Protection is so Important
Thousands of people are blinded each year
from work related eye injuries. Injuries that
could have been prevented, if only people
would have used eye or face protection
Types of eye/face hazards
• Heat
• Chemicals
• Dust
• Light and/or Radiation
 Eye and Face Protection
Potential Incidences of Eye/Face Hazards
• Dusts, powder, Fumes, Mist can enter your eyes
and could damage them.
• Operations such as grinding, chiseling, sanding,
hammering, and spraying can create small
airborne particles
• Toxic chemicals in the form of gases, vapors, and
liquids can damage your eyes. Always read the
appropriate MSDS before working with any
hazardous material.
 Eye and Face Protection
Potential Incidences of Eye/Face Hazards
• Always check with your supervisor or safety
manager to learn the type of eye or face
protection you will need to use in order to work
safely
• swinging chains, cables and ropes, tools that are
thrown or fall could hit your eyes
• Operations such as welding, metal cutting, and
working around furnaces can expose your eyes to
heat, glare, ultraviolet, and infrared radiation
 Eye and Face Protection
Elimination or Control of Hazards
• Machine Guards
Many types of machines such as
lathes, grinders, and sanders are
equipped with guards, shields
and screens
• Work Area Barriers
Work area barriers such as
movable screens and barriers
should be set up to separate
workers and bystanders from
hazardous operations
 Eye and Face Protection
Elimination or Control of Hazards

• Ventilation, along with damping systems, can

significantly reduce the amount of airborne
particles that could be hazardous to your eyes
• Good lighting reduces eye strain and glare
• Obstructions and
protruding objects should
be identified and marked
 Eye and Face Protection
Elimination or Control of Hazards
• Eyewash stations should
be located within 100 feet
of your work area. If you
accidentally get
something in your eyes,
go directly to the
eyewash station and flush
your eyes with water for
15 minutes. Be sure to
hold your eyes open with
your fingers and "look"
directly into the water
streams.
 Eye and Face Protection
Elimination or Control of Hazards
Safe Work Practices
• Read and follow all warnings and precautions that
may be found on equipment and hazardous materials
• Do not throw tools roughly
• Keep sharp or pointed objects away from your eyes
• Follow your supervisor's or safety manager's
suggestions and recommendations for working safely
 Eye and Face Protection

Proper PPE
Must be right PPE for right job -
Example: Safety glasses are not sufficient eye
protection for working with chemicals. You
must have to use face protection device.
Side protection for flying objects
 Eye and Face Protection
Types of Eye and Face Personal Protective Equipment
Safety Glasses
• Much stronger and more resistant to impact and heat
than regular glasses
• Equipped with side shields that give you protection
from hazards that may not be directly in front of you
• Should fit comfortable on face through all job tasks.
Ensure that glasses are not too big or too tight
Limitation
Does not seal around eyes,
could allow small droplets to
come in contact with eyes
 Eye and Face Protection
Safety Goggles
• Surround the eye area, they give you more
protection in situations where you might
encounter splashing liquids, fumes, vapors,
powders, dusts, and mists
• Must indicate that they are chemical splash
goggles to be worn for that purpose

Limitation
Uncomfortable to wear with
other head gear like helmet, ear
muffs or respirator
 Eye and Face Protection
Face Shields
• full face protection
• used around operations which expose
you to chemical splashes, or flying
particles
• Can be used as a hard hat
Limitation
•Are not considered eye
protection, will need to wear
goggles or glasses underneath
•Can fog up if working in poorly
ventilated area
 Head Protection
Why is Head Protection so important

In and around your head are:

• Your eyes, with which you see
• Your ears, with which you hear
• Your nose, with which you smell
• Your mouth, with which you eat
and speak
• Your brain, with which you think

Injuries to the head are very serious. For this reason, head
protection and safety are very important
 Head Protection

Potential Incidences of Head Hazards

• Falling or flying objects
• Falling or walking into hard objects
• Injuries include neck sprains, concussions, and
skull fractures
• Live exposed electric wires
• Injuries include electrical shocks and burns
• Toxic liquids such as acids, caustics, and molten
metals can irritate and burn the head.
 Head Protection
Hard hats
A hard hat is a type of helmet mainly used in workplace
environments such as industrial or construction sites to
protect the head from injury due to falling objects, impact
with other objects, debris, rain, and electric shock

Some hard hats can

be modified so you
can add face
shields, goggles,
hoods, or hearing
protection to them
 Head Protection
Hard hats
Proper use and care of hard hat
• Always wear your hard hat while you are working in areas
where there are potential head hazards
• Adjust the suspension inside your hard hat so that the hat
sits comfortably, but securely on your head
• Inspect the shell of your hard hat for cracks, gouges, and
dents. Inspect the suspension system for frayed or broken
straps. If your hard hat needs to be repaired, have it
repaired immediately or ask your employer for a new one
• Never paint, scratch or drill "air holes" in your hard hat
• Never carry personal belongings such as cigarettes, lighters,
or pens in your hard hat
 Head Protection
Hard hats
Proper use and care of hard hat
• Clean your hard hat at least once a month
• Always store your hat in a clean, dry, and cool
location because sunlight and heat can
damage the suspension of your hat
• Replace if struck by a falling object
• Do not sit on
• Do not paint
 Ear Protection
Noise induced hearing loss is the most common occupational
health hazard there is. However it is easy to prevent
So, How to Prevent it ?
• Wear ear protection at all
times when exposed to a
noise hazard (Noise level
reaches 85 dB or higher)
• Wear ear protection
properly because improper
using can greatly
reduce ear protection
effectiveness.
 Respiratory Protection
Why is respiratory Protection Important
• The main benefit of wearing a mask is that it helps
prevent you from getting ill and therefore helps keep
you working. Specifically, it helps prevent the
development of illnesses which could affect your
airways – which could reduce the quality and length of
your life.

• Wearing a mask can stop you from developing the

symptoms of respiratory illness caused by inhalation of
hazardous substances at work (for example, coughing,
wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness or
difficulty in breathing)
 Respiratory Protection

so WHY don't you

Respiratory Protection
 Respiratory Protection

• Even a few minutes’ exposure could make you ill

• You might not be able to see the hazard but it is
still dangerous
• Many dangerous substances exist as a fine dust or
fume, or as a gas or vapour which you can’t see in
the air. (Think about the oxygen we breathe – we
can’t see it.)
• You might not think it is making you ill but about
12000 people die each year from long-term to
reparatory hazard at work.
 Respiratory Protection

• Ask advice on how to fit the mask properly

• You could have some discomfort but this will
reduce over time as you get used to the mask
• Talk with your supervisor about selecting a
different mask or for more advice if it is
uncomfortable after a few days
• Masks and filters need changing regularly
• Remember Not everybody is affected in the
same way and to the same extent
 Respiratory Protection
OK, so WHEN do you need to wear mask?
• When your supervisor informs you that you
could be exposed to a respiratory hazard
• Even if the job is only for a few minutes – long
term effects can harm your future health!
• Even when you can’t see the hazard – many
dusts and gases are invisible
Ok, so WHY do you need it wear mask?
Because your future health depends on it
 Respiratory Protection
So HOW do you fit your mask correctly ?
(for Filtering facepiece)
Always check the fit
before every use:
• Fit around the nose/nose
clip where applicable
• Fit around the position of
straps
• Carry out a ‘fit-check’
 Respiratory Protection
So HOW do you fit your mask correctly ?
(for Half-Face)
Always check the fit
before every use:
• Fit around the nose
• Fit around the chin
• Check the position of
straps
 Respiratory Protection
Remember
• Ensure the mask is clean and in good working condition
before each use
• Carry out a fit check with your mask before each use
• Do not remove the mask in the hazard area, for
example to talk or to inspect your work
• Replace disposable masks and replaceable fitters when
needs
• Store the masks in a clean area because it will help to
prevent contamination.
 Boilersuit
A boilersuit is covered the whole body except for
the head, hands and feet.
Boilersuit protect you from:
• Heat
• Chemical or Metal splash
• spray from pressure leaks
• contaminated dust
• Avoid dust entering the lower half of one's
clothing through the gap in the middle
• A one-piece suit also avoids the problem of the
waistband stuck when working in narrow place.
 Fire Protective Safety Suit
Fire Protective Safety
Suit (also, silvers or
silver bunker suit) is a
suit designed to protect
a firefighter from high
temperatures,
especially near fires of
extreme temperature.
 Full Body Harness
Full Body Harness is a form of protective equipment designed to
protect a person from injury .

If you are at risk for falling

three meters or more at
your workplace, you should
wear the appropriate fall
protection equipment.
 Hand Protection
Why is Hand Protection Important?
• It has been estimated that almost 20% of all
disabling accidents on the job involve the
hands
• Without your fingers or hands, your ability to
work would be greatly reduced
 Hand Protection

Potential Incidences of Hand Hazards

• Tools and machines with a sharp edges can cut
your hands.
• Staples, screwdrivers, nails, chisels, and stiff wire
can puncture your hands.
• Getting your hands caught in machinery can
sprain, crush, or remove your hands and fingers
• Coming into contact with caustic or toxic
chemicals, biological substances, electrical
sources, or extremely cold or hot objects can
irritate or burn your hands
 Hand Protection

WARNING: Toxic substances are

poisonous substances that
can be absorbed through your
skin and enter your body
 Hand Protection

Elimination or Control of Hazards

• Engineering Controls - Machine Guard
• Procedures - Lock out/Tag out
• Housekeeping and Hygiene - Poorly
maintained machinery, tools, sloppy work
areas, and messy walkway all contribute to
hand injuries
 Hand Protection

Proper Use of PPE

• Select and use the right kind of glove for the job
you are going to be performing
• Check fit, always use correct size
• Make sure chemical resistant to chemical being
used
• Remove any rings, watches, or bracelets that
might cut or tear your gloves
• Look for holes and cracks
• Replace gloves that are worn or torn
 Hand Protection

• Padded cloth gloves - protect your hands from sharp

edges, slivers, dirt, and vibration
• Leather gloves - shield your hands from rough surfaces
• Vinyl and neoprene gloves - protect your hands against
toxic chemicals
• Rubber gloves - protect you when working around
electricity
• Heat resistant gloves - protect your hands from heat
and flames
• Metal mesh gloves - resist sharp edges and prevent
cuts
 Hand Protection
Types of Gloves

Padded cloth gloves Leather gloves Vinyl and neoprene gloves

Rubber gloves Heat resistant gloves Metal mesh gloves

 Foot Protection

Why is Foot Protection Important?

The human foot is rigid enough to support the
weight of your entire body, and yet flexible
enough to allow you to run, play sports, and to
take you anywhere you want to go.

Without your feet and toes, your ability to work

at your job would be greatly reduced.
 Foot Protection
Potential Incidences of Foot Hazards
• At work, heavy objects can fall on your feet. If
you work around sharp objects, you can step
on something sharp and puncture your foot
• Liquids such as acids, caustics, and lube oil can
spill into your shoes and boots. These
hazardous materials can cause chemical and
heat burns
 Foot Protection
Potential Incidences of Foot Hazards
• Heavy machinery, equipment, and other
objects can roll over your feet. The result of
these types of accidents is often broken or
crushed bones
• Accidents involving electricity can cause
severe shocks and burns
• Oil, water, soaps, wax, and other chemicals
can cause you to slip and fall
 Foot Protection

Elimination or Control of Hazards

• Housekeeping - Poorly maintained machinery,
tools, sloppy work areas, and cluttered aisles
all contribute to foot injuries
• Signs - Identify temporary slip/trip areas
 Foot Protection
Proper Fit and Use of PPE
• Select the right kind safety shoe for job with
proper fit and protection
• Before use inspect your safety shoe for any kind
of hole or crack. Replace footwear if that are
worn or torn
• After working with chemicals - wash your safety
shoe with water to clean away any chemicals or
dirt before removing your footwear
• Store safety shoe in a clean, cool, dry, ventilated
area
 Foot Protection

Proper Fit and Use of PPE

• Don’t use wet safety shoe when working on
electrical system. Electric shock resistance of
safety shoe is greatly reduced by wet
conditions
• Use Gumboat on
chemical related work
 Thanks For Your
Participation

THINK SAFETY and BE SAFE