MODULE CODE : NMT 04101

MODULE NAME: INFECTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL

 OBJECTIVES

 Define common terms used in infection prevention and

control .(standard precaution, infection, prevention, control.)

 Outline objectives of infection prevention and control in

health care facility.

 Explain components of standard precautions in IPC (consider

every person, hand hygiene, personal protective equipment,
handle sharps, safe dispose of waste and process instruments
 DEFINITIONS OF TERMS
 Prevention: the action of stopping something from happening or arising

 Control: - A means of limiting or regulating something.

- The restriction of an activity, tendency, or phenomenon.

 Standard: a level of quality or attainment.

quality, level, grade, degree, worth, caliber, merit, excellence "the
standard of work is very good

 Precaution: a measure taken in advance to prevent something

dangerous, unpleasant, or inconvenient from happening.
 DEFINITIONS
 Infection control
is the discipline concerned with preventing nosocomial or healthcare-
associated infection, a practical (rather than academic) sub-discipline
of epidemiology. It is an essential, though often under recognized and
under supported, part of the infrastructure of health care.

Standard precaution: meant to reduce the risk of transmission of blood

borne and other pathogens from both recognized and unrecognized
sources. They are the basic level of infection control.
 DEFINITION

 Example of standard precaution: Use of personal protective

equipment (e.g., gloves, gowns, masks) Safe injection practices. Safe
handling of potentially contaminated equipment or surfaces in the
patient environment, and. Respiratory hygiene/cough etiquette.
 Components of standard of standard
precautions in IPC
These include :
1. Correct hand hygiene,
2. Safe cleaning
3. Decontamination,
4. Safe handling and
5. Disposal of waste and linen,
6. Sharps safety,
7. Correct use of personal protective clothing,
8. Safe handling of blood and body fluids and respiratory hygiene
 Infection control principles and practices for
local health agencies

 Standard precautions are a set of infection control practices used to

prevent transmission of diseases that can be acquired by contact

with blood, body fluids, non-intact skin (including rashes), and mucous

membranes. These measures are to be used when providing care to

all individuals, whether or not they appear infectious or symptomatic

 Components of standard precautions
 Standard Precautions.

 Hand Hygiene.

 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

 Needle stick and Sharps Injury Prevention.

 Cleaning and Disinfection.

 Respiratory Hygiene (Cough Etiquette)

 Waste Disposal.

 Safe Injection Practices.

 Reference ;
 MoHSW (2004) National Infection Prevention and Control Guideline for Healthcare Service In
Tanzania. Dar es Salaam; Ministry of Health and Social Welfare.

 Tietjen,L ,D., Bossemeyer,&Mcintosh, N.(2003).Infection prevention guideline for healthcare

facilities with limited resource .Mary land: JHPIEGO corporation: Baltimore.