INDUSTRIAL

MOTOR CONTROL

By: Engr. Reginaldo N. Marinay, REE

EE Review Director, SABRAS-
POWERHOUSE REVIEW CENTER
 MOTOR CONTROLS
• A broad term that means
anything from a single switch to a
complex system with components
such as relays, timers, switches
and other control devices.
• A portion of the electrical system
which starts, stops, changes the
speed reverses and regulates
motors that drive various pieces
of equipment.
Functions of Motor Controls

•To control or regulate the

operation of electric motors.

• Help protect equipment &

personnel from damage and
contribute to efficient & safe
operations and production.
Electrical Symbols in Motor
Controls

Single – Pole Switch Double – Pole

Switch

Three – Pole Switch

 Double – Pole Three - Pole
Circuit Breaker Circuit Breaker

Fuse Overload Relay Heater

 Magnetic Contactor
• Is an electrically operated switch
rated in amperes. Horsepower
ratings are also available for most
contactors.
• Used to interrupt heavy loads.
Relays
• Are magnetic contactors in
smaller sizes.
• Generally rated at 15A or less and
are mainly used in control circuits.
Allow low voltage pilot devices to
control a higher voltage power
circuit.
Magnetic Contactors
Relays or Control Relays
 Magnetic Contactor Auxiliary Contact
(normally open NO, normally closed NC)

Magnetic Contactor Holding Coil

 Overload Relay Contact
(normally closed NC,normally open NO)

Magnetic Contactor Main Contact

 Timers

• Are relays that introduce time

delay in its operation & use also in
sequence control operation.

• Contacts are available with on-

delay or off-delay.

• Contacts are also available for

timed to open (TO) or timed to
close (TC).
 TR – TC TR - TO

Time delay relay TR contact TR

contact
holding coil timed to close timed to open

NO PB NC PB Break-Make PB
Push Botton
 Limit Switch Limit Switch
normally closed normally open

Resistor Solenoid Pilot indicating light

Limit Switch
Motor Overload Protection
The purpose is to protect the motor
windings from excessive heat due to
motor overloading.

Overload Heaters with Contact

T1 T2 T1 T2 T3

Single phase motor Three phase motor

 Power Circuit
Conductors are sized according
to the current drawn by the motor
and form the power circuit.
 Control Circuit
Contains the control devices that
will initiate the starting or stopping of
the motor.
 Magnetic Motor Starter
Is an electrically operated
switch rated in horsepower and
provides for overload protection.
Switch

Magnetic Motor Starter

Schematic Diagram of Magnetic
Motor Starter
 WIRING
EXERCISES
 MOTOR
STARTING
METHODS
 Full Voltage Starting
A motor is started by connecting
the motor directly across the line called
across-the-line starter or full voltage
starter.
Full voltage starter is operated either
manually or magnetically.

Magnetic Full Voltage

Manual Motor Starter Starter
Across the Line Magnetic Starter
Primary Resistance Starter
Autotransformer Starter
• Three coil starting
transformer with
taps at 50%, 65%
and 80%
• Starting current :
300 - 480% of motor
rated current
• 25 - 64% of normal
starting torque
 Wye-Delta Starter
• Starting
current : 200%
of motor rated
current
• 33% of normal
starting torque
THANK YOU u