COMMUNICATIVE

STRATEGIES
 What are Communicative Strategies?

•These are plans, ways, means of sharing

information which are adopted to
achieve a particular social, political,
psychological, or linguistic purpose.
•The use of Communicative Strategies is the
hallmark of communicative competence.
 NOMINATION

• A speaker carries out a nomination to

collaboratively and productively establish a topic
• Presenting a particular topic clearly, truthfully, and
saying only what is relevant
 NOMINATION

• EXAMPLE : Have you noticed the weird weather

lately? Is this because of global warming?
 RESTRICTION

• It refers to any limitation you may have as a

speaker.
• Constraining the response/reaction within a set of
categories
 RESTRICTION

• EXAMPLE: They say that the Philippine economy

is getting better. Only the stupid think that, right?
(No one wants to be stupid.)
 RESTRICTION

• EXAMPLE: That arrest move was a disaster

waiting to happen. Do you agree? (Yes/No)
 TURN-TAKING

• It pertains to the process by which people decide

who takes the conversational floor
• Recognizing when and how to speak because it is
one’s turn
 TURN-TAKING

• EXAMPLE: I agree with the point just made. But

may I add that OFW’s would rather be home and
work here so they could be with their families.
 TURN-TAKING

• EXAMPLE: May I have the floor, sir? The topic

under discussion is the state of the Philippine
economy today. We want better lives for all
Filipinos, whether they are working here or
abroad.
 TOPIC CONTROL

• It covers how procedural formality affects the

development of topic in the conversations
• Keeping the interaction going by asking questions
and eliciting a response
 TOPIC CONTROL

• EXAMPLE: How often do you ride the MRT, Tony?

How many times have you encountered a poor
service?
 TOPIC CONTROL

• EXAMPLE: Your car may break down, too, Luna,

right? So you have to find another means of
getting school. We all do not want to be late for
classes, yes?
 TOPIC SHIFTING

• It involves moving from one topic to another.

• Introducing a new topic followed by the
continuation of that topic
 TOPIC SHIFTING

• EXAMPLE: This is a battle with corporations that

continue to pollute the environment. But this is
also a battle with man himself, who continues to
act as if there is another Earth we can move to
once this Earth dies.
 REPAIR
• It refers to how speakers address the problems in
speaking, listening, and comprehending that they
may encounter in a conversation.
• Overcoming communication breakdown to send
more comprehensible messages
• Repair is the self-righting mechanism in any social
interaction(Schegloff, et.al, 1977)
 REPAIR
• EXAMPLE: When we look at the World Wide Web,
more popularly known as wwww … excuse me,
www, we find that this Information Highway or
rather Superhighway is the means toward
becoming part of a globally economy, a global
economy.
 TERMINATION
• It refers to the conversation participant’s close-
initiating expressions that end a topic in a
conversation.
• Using verbal and nonverbal signals to end the
interaction
 TERMINATION
• EXAMPLE:
P1: So that’s it for our plans in the upcoming Student
Council elections.
P2: Yes.
P3: Okay, all done.
P4: Finished.
P1: See you in class.
P2,P3,P4: See you later.
 SEATWORK
Identify the type of communicative strategy in each statement.
1. The school administration just suddenly
increased tuition, without consulting the
students.
2. The tuition increase has already imposed. What
can students do to let the school
administration know that the students do not
agree, that the students will not accept his
unilateral move?
3. Do you have anything to say?
4. One of the essential lessons I gained from the
discussion is the importance of the sports and wellness
to a healthy lifestyle.
5. Excuse me? I think we should speak one at a time, so we
can clearly understand what we want to say about the
issue.
6.Go on with our ideas. I’ll let you finish first before I say
something.
7. Have you heard the news about the latest achievement
of our government?
8.Hey, how are you? I missed you!
9.Best regards to your parents! See you
around!
10.Good to see you. Anyway, I came to
visit you because I want to personally
offer apologies for what I did yesterday.