5. Popular Antennas
Yi HUANG
Department of Electrical Engineering & Electronics
The University of Liverpool
Liverpool L69 3GJ
Email: Yi.Huang@liv.ac.uk
Dipole Antennas
Ground
System 1
System 2
– Radiation resistance
Which is better?
Antennas: from Theory to Practice
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Yagi-Uda Antennas
Directivity:
Find
i). the radiated far field and plot the radiation pattern in both
the E and H planes;
ii). the directivity.
• Horn antennas are the simplest and one of the most widely
used microwave antennas – the antenna is nicely integrated
with the feed line (waveguide) and the performance can be
easily controlled.
• They are mainly used for standard antenna gain and field
measurements, feed element for reflector antennas, and
microwave communications.
Antennas: from Theory to Practice
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Antennas: from Theory to Practice
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Pyramidal Horn Design
• Half-power beamwidth
where E and H are the electric and magnetic fields within the
slot, and n̂ is the unit vector normal to the slot surface S
For a half-wavelength slot, its equivalent electric surface current JS
= ˆn × H = 0, the remaining source at the slot is its equivalent
magnetic current MS = −ˆn × E (it would be 2MS if the conducting
ground plane were removed using the imaging theory).
Antennas: from Theory to Practice
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Antennas: from Theory to Practice
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Babinet’s Principle
• Directivity
• Input impedance
Optimised width:
Resonant freq.:
Length:
Total Total
element AF AF
array element array
Thus
That is:
Mutual impedance: