Basketball

Explanation
Short History
Set of Simple Rules
What is basketball?

Basketball is a team sport.

• It is played indoors.
• Two teams of five players each try to score
• points against one another by throwing a ball
through a 3 m high hoop.
• Each hoop is placed at the end of a rectangular
court.
•Basketball is one of the
most popular and widely
viewed sports in the world.
History of Basketball
James Naismith,
-A Canadian physical
education instructor
invented basketball in
1891. Back then the
game was played with
an ordinary soccer ball
and peach baskets
between 2 teams of 9
players each. There
were 13 rules.
Who is James Naismith ?
He was born on November 6, 1861, in Almonte,
Ontario, Canada, the son of Scottish immigrants
(John and Margaret [Young] Naismith).
He attended a one-room schoolhouse in Bennie’s
Corners near Almonte, where he developed
strength and skill in physical activities.
He became an orphan at age nine (along with
older sister Annie and younger brother Robert)
when his parents died from typhoid fever.
He was then raised by his unmarried uncle, Peter
Young, and learned lessons from him in honesty,
initiative, reliability, and self-reliance.
His Education
 He graduated from Almonte High School in 1883, but
only after dropping out and working for four years.
 He earned his B.A. in physical education from
McGill University in Montreal in 1887.
 He graduated from Presbyterian College of Theology
in 1890 (while teaching physical education at
McGill).
 He attended the YWCA Training School in 1890-1892,
serving on the faculty from 1891-1895. (It was there
in 1891 he invented basketball).
 He earned his medical degree between 1895-1898
while serving as Physical Director of the YMCA in
Denver.
James Naismith, Athlete
 McGill University—gymnastics;
rugby; lacrosse; he won the top
medal as the all-around gymnastics
champion in his junior and senior
years
 Presbyterian College—rugby
 Played for the Shamrocks, a
professional lacrosse team
 While a theology student, he began
to consider how he might help men
through athletics, rather than the
ministry.
 YMCA Training School—played
rugby and football
 Played basketball only twice—once
at the YMCA Training School (1892)
and once at KU (1898)
The Circumstances
 No basketball, so a
soccer ball was used
 No boxes available, but
had two peach baskets
 No standard for the
baskets, so the baskets
were nailed to the
balcony (which just
happened to be 10’
high)
 There were 18 students
in the class, so the first
game was played with
3 forwards, 3 centers,
and 3 backs on each
team
December 15, 1891
• “The game was success from
the time that the first ball was
tossed up. The players were
interested and seemed to
enjoy the game. Word soon
got around that they were
having fun in Naismith’s gym
class, and only a few days after
the first game we began to
have a gallery.”
 In the Beginning…
 A student who played in the first game
suggested that the name of the new game
should be “Naismith ball.” The inventor
declined saying that name would kill the
game. So the student suggested
“basketball.”
 Females played basketball almost
immediately (on an early team was
Maude Sherman, the future Mrs.
Naismith).
 The first rules (the original 13) were
published in the YMCA’s school
newspaper, the “Triangle,” in January of
1892 under the heading “A New Game.”
 This new game was spread by the YMCA
as international students took the game
home from their studies at the YMCA
Training School.
 The rules were published in many
languages.
Thirteen Original Rules*
1. The ball may be thrown in any direction with one or both
hands.
2. The ball may be batted in any direction with one or both hands
(never with the fist).
3. A player cannot run with the ball. The player must throw it
from the spot on which he catches it; allowance to be made for
a man who catches the ball when running at good speed.
4. The ball must be held in or between the hands; the arms or
body must not be used for holding it.
5. No shouldering, holding, pushing, tripping, or striking, in any
way the person of an opponent shall be allowed; the first
infringement of this rule by any person shall count as a foul, the
second shall disqualify him until the next goal is made, or, if
there was evident intent to injure the person for the whole of
the game, no substitution allowed.
6. A foul is striking at the ball with the fist, violations of Rules 3, 4
and such as described in Rule 5.
7. If either side makes three consecutive fouls, it shall count as a
goal for the opponents. (Consecutive means without the
opponents in the meantime making a foul.)
8. A goal shall be made when the ball is thrown or batted
from the grounds into the basket and stays there, providing
those defending the goal do not touch or disturb the goal. If
the ball rests on the edge, and the opponent moves the
basket, it shall count as a goal.
9. When the ball goes out of bounds, it shall be thrown into
the field and played by the person first touching it. In case
of a dispute, the umpire shall throw it straight into the
field. The thrower-in is allowed five seconds. If he holds it
longer it shall go to the opponent. If any side persists in
delaying the game, the umpire shall call a foul on them.
10. The umpire shall be judge of the men and shall note the
fouls and notify the referee when three consecutive fouls
have been made. He shall have power to disqualify men
according to Rule 5.
11. The referee shall be judge of the ball and shall decide when
the ball is in play, in bounds, to which side it belongs, and
shall keep the time. He shall decide when a goal has been
made and keep account of the goals, with any other duties
that are usually performed by a referee.
12. The time shall be two fifteen minute halves, with five
minutes rest between.
13. The side making the most goals in that time shall be
declared the winners. In case of a draw, the game may, by
agreement of the captains, be continued until another goal
is made.
Basketball Equipment
• 1895 — Five players to a side
 The ball—first made in 1894
 The goal evolved
 Peach baskets (used a ladder to retrieve the ball)
 Peach baskets with a hole drilled in bottom; used a pole
to punch out the ball
 Cylindrical wire baskets with a chain to allow the ball to
drop
 Black iron rim with heavy cord nets
 The backboards—to prevent interference from fans
 Screen to wood (1905) to plate glass (1909)
 The court—imaginary boundary lines to regulation
dimensions
Attributes Developed by
Basketball
 Initiative
“When he meets an
entirely new condition, he
 Agility can not depend on the
 Accuracy coach, but must face the
 Alertness emergency himself. I
 Cooperation consider initiative one of
the most valuable
 Skill attributes, and the
 Reflex judgment present tendency of the
 Speed player to depend on the
 Self-confidence coach for the next more
 Self-sacrifice
largely destroys the
opportunity of acquiring
 Self-control this quality.”
 Sportsmanship
Main Officials

• Main officials include one referee and one umpire.

• The court is divided between them and they swap
places after each foul involving a free throw penalty, as
well as after each jump ball decision.
• They use whistles and hand signals to make and
explain their decisions.
• Each game begins with a jump ball.
• The referee throws the ball into the air in the centre
circle and two opposing players leap up and try to tap
it away.
• Each player is allowed two taps before the ball hits the
ground, a basket, a backboard or another player.
Set of simple rules
• The ball may be thrown in any direction with one or both hands.

• A player cannot run with the ball.

• A player must throw it from the spot on which he catches it, or

dribble the ball with one hand while they are running.

• The ball must be held by the hands. Shouldering, holding, pushing,

tripping or striking in any way a player of the other team is allowed.

• A foul is striking the ball with the fist.

• A goal shall be made when the ball is thrown or batted from the
grounds into the basket and stays there, providing those defending
the goal do not touch or disturb the goal.

• If the ball goes over the backboard, hits the side or the top of the
backboard, then the ball is officially out of play.
SCORING

• Points are scored for shooting the basketball

through the hoop.
• Two points for a goal inside the three-point
semi-circle, and three points for goals scored
from outside.
• Free throws, taken from the free-throw line
and awarded after a foul, are worth one point.
NBA BASKETBALL COURT
FIBA BASKETBALL COURT
Laced Basketball
Peach basket
First Basketball Team
Changes in the Hoop
END