100%(1)100% menganggap dokumen ini bermanfaat (1 suara)
123 tayangan30 halaman
Here are the completed sentences:
- The Chief Officer is in charge of the morning and evening watches.
- The Chief Engineer is responsible for the efficient operation of the main engines.
- The Carpenter is in charge of the hatch covers and maintenance.
- The chief steward is responsible for ordering provisions.
- The person in charge of the deck repairs is the carpenter.
- The person responsible for the overall command of the ship is the captain.
Here are the completed sentences:
- The Chief Officer is in charge of the morning and evening watches.
- The Chief Engineer is responsible for the efficient operation of the main engines.
- The Carpenter is in charge of the hatch covers and maintenance.
- The chief steward is responsible for ordering provisions.
- The person in charge of the deck repairs is the carpenter.
- The person responsible for the overall command of the ship is the captain.
Here are the completed sentences:
- The Chief Officer is in charge of the morning and evening watches.
- The Chief Engineer is responsible for the efficient operation of the main engines.
- The Carpenter is in charge of the hatch covers and maintenance.
- The chief steward is responsible for ordering provisions.
- The person in charge of the deck repairs is the carpenter.
- The person responsible for the overall command of the ship is the captain.
SHIP SHIP ORGANIZATION ORGANIZATION The Organization of a Ship’s Crew • Master / Captain
• the man in charge of a ship
• responsible for the ship, her cargo
and the safety of the crew
• well qualified and an experienced
navigator Departments on a ship: • Deck Department
• Engine Department
• Catering Department
• Radio Department
• Each department: officers, petty officers,
ratings Deck Department • The Chief Officer/First Mate - the Master’s chief officer and head of the Deck Department
• Second Officer (Mate), a Third Officer (Mate),
and sometimes a Fourth Officer (Mate)
• Petty Officers: Boatswain (Bosun) and
Carpenter
• Ratings: Able Seamen (AB), Ordinary Seamen
(OS) and a middle grade known as Efficient Deck Hands (EDH), Deck boys.
• Navigating Cadets are carried for training
purposes. Engine Department • The Chief Engineer - head of the Engine Department
• Second, Third, Fourth and sometimes Fifth
Engineer
• An Electrical Officer may also be carried.
• Petty officers: Storekeeper and Donkey man.
On tankers there is also a Pump man.
• Ratings: Firemen and Greasers.
• Engineer Cadets. Catering Department • Chief Steward
• Divided into a saloon and galley section
• The former is headed by the Second
Steward, the latter by the Ship’s Cook, both usually petty officers.
• Stewards and cooks, and a number of
junior ratings. Radio Department • The Radio Department often consisted of only one man: the Radio Officer.
• On ships where continuous radio
watches were kept there may be three radio officers:
• Chief, Second and Third.
DECK DEPARTMENT Main responsibilities of the Deck Department • Navigating the ship safely and economically from port to port. The Master: works out the best course
• Keeping watches: An officer is always on
watch on the bridge. In ships where a Chief Mate and a First Mate are carried, the First Mate is the watchkeeping officer.
• Maintaining the ship and her equipment in
good condition
• To see that the cargo is stowed properly in the
holds and kept in good condition during the voyage Main responsibilities of the Chief Officer • Stowage of cargo - Chief Officer -helped by the Second and Third Officers
• When the ship is not fully loaded, the
First Mate must see that the holds are cleaned and prepared for their next cargo.
• In a tanker the cargo tanks are washed
out during ballast passages and freed of gas. Main responsibilities of the Officer in charge of a navigational watch • The Second Officer is responsible to the Master for keeping the ship on course and for looking after all the equipment used for navigation (Navigating Officer)
• The Third Officer is in charge of the life-
saving equipment. The different appliances must be complete and in good working order. (Safety Officer) Main responsibilities of the Petty Officers and Ratings • Constant cleaning, painting and repair work done by ratings under the supervision of the Boatswain (Bosun)
• The Bosun sees that his orders and those of
other deck officers are carried out by the crew.
• The Carpenter - a qualified shipwright. He no
longer works only with wood as his name suggests. His most important regular job is to sound the tanks and bilges in order to check the depths of liquid in them. He also operates the windlass, when the anchors are being raised or lowered. ENGINE DEPARTMENT Main responsibilities of Engineer Officers • The Chief Engineer is responsible to the Master for the Engine Department: He looks after the day-to-day running of the department.
• The Second Engineer is responsible for
the maintenance of the engine room, deck and other machinery.
• Engine-room watchkeeping duties are
the responsibility of the Second, Third and Fourth Engineers. Main responsibilities of Petty Officers and Ratings The Storekeeper is responsible for the storeroom.
• The Donkeyman is responsible for lubrication.
• On tankers, the Pumpman is responsible to
the Chief Officer for loading and unloading oil and water ballast.
• Greasers are responsible for general oiling
and cleaning duties, and Firemen are responsible for looking after the boilers. MINIMUM SAFE MANNING CERTIFICATES (MSMC) • The International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers (STCW and SOLAS 74/78) require the issuance of a Minimum Safe Manning Certificate.
• Prior to registration, an owner must complete
and submit the Application for Minimum Safe Manning Certificate to International Registries.
• Each vessel is considered individually, bearing
in mind the size, trade, type of vessel and automation. Once the manning level is approved, a Minimum Safe Manning Certificate is issued which can be amended easily should conditions change. EXPRESSING FUNCTION A person’s function The verb to be responsible for
• The Master is responsible for the safety of
the ship.
The structure to be the responsibility of
• The safety of the ship is the responsibility
of the Master.
The verb to be responsible to
• The Master is responsible to the company
for the safety of the ship. The function of a thing • by using the phrase: the function of… is to…
• The function of a crane is to lift heavy
objects.
• by using the verb to use + for –ing
• A crane is used for lifting heavy objects.
• by using a verb expressing function.
• A crane lifts heavy objects.
• by using a prepositional phrase introduced by
with
• We lift heavy objects with a crane.
Terms relating to position in a ship • At the fore end of a ship is known as forward.
• At the after end of a ship is known as aft.
• At the midships part is known as amidships.
• e.g. The forecastle is situated forward.
The main engines in a tanker are aft.
• Port side and starboard side can be added to
these:
• e.g. port side forward, starboard side amidships,
port side aft.
• The extreme fore end is known as right forward.
• The extreme after end is known as right aft.
• e.g. The ensign is right aft.
More terms relating to position • In front of is known as before or forward of Behind is known as abaft or aft of
• Across the ship from side to side is
athwartships
• Along the length of the ship from stem to stern
is fore and aft
• e.g. Number 1 hold is forward of Number 2
hold.
The funnel is always abaft the bridge.
Life rafts can be stowed athwartships or fore
and aft. Time at sea • Time at sea is expressed in the 24- hour notation:
On land 7.00 6.25 Mid 2.30
a.m. p.m. p.m. night At sea 0700 1825 00 00 14 30 WATCHES • Each watch is in the charge of an officer. The traditional pattern is as follows: 12-4 4-8 8-12
a.m. Middle Morning Forenoon
Watch Watch Watch
p.m. Afternoon Evening First Watch
Watch Watch
Deck Second Chief Third
Officer Officer Officer Engine Third Second Fourth Engineer Engineer Engineer TRUE OR FALSE: • The day at sea is divided into four periods.
• The Captain has an overall command of the ship.
• The deck department is under the command of the navigating officer.
• The afternoon watch is between noon and 1700 hours.
• The loading and discharging of cargo is one of the responsibilities of the
first mate.
• The Chief Engineer is assisted by engineer cadets.
• The daily orders to the bosun are given to him by the Chief Officer.
• The principal reason for the existence of ships is the carriage of
passengers.
• The Second Officer is in charge of loading, stowage and delivery of
cargo. BRIEF ANSWERS:
• Where are the captain and officers accommodated?
• Mention some of the responsibilities of the master of the ship.
• Mentions some of the duties of the chief officer.
• Why is the second officer called the navigating officer?
• Who is responsible for the safety equipment on board?
• What do radio officers receive?
• What is the main responsibility of the chief engineer?
• Who is in charge of the safe delivery of cargo?
Ask questions to which the underlined words are the answers:
• The day at sea is divided into six periods.
• The Captain has an overall command of the ship.
• Two bells indicate the end of the first hour of a watch.
• The Chief Officer is responsible for the loading and
discharging of cargo.
• The work of the ship is organized under four departments.
• The second officer is often called the navigating officer.
Complete the following sentences with one of the following expressions fitted to the content: “to be responsible for”, “to be in charge of”
• The Chief Officer is in ……….the morning and evening
watches.
• The Chief Engineer is ……….for the efficient operation of the
main engines.
• The Carpenter is in ………..the hatch covers and maintenance.
• The chief steward is …………for ordering provisions.
• The person ………..of the deck repairs is the carpenter.
• The person ………..for the overall command of the ship is the