Edinburgh lectures
October 1st, 2010
Alberto Magnaghi
New
powerties in
China
Post-urban
era
Los Angeles:
serial
urbanisation
Sprawl in north-eastern Italy: the urbanization of
countryside
The
Triennale
exibition,
Milan
The “città
infinita”
(Bonomi e
Abruzzese
2004)
Historical relations between river and
its territory:
Arno river, Villa Ambrogiana, Tuscany
Post-urban
era:
relations
between
river and its
territory
Factory
sheds along
the river
Arno
(Tuscany)
Post urban era
The megacity
of the
southern
world
Slums, super-
slums and
skiscrapers
Does the post-urban era
evidenciate a neotechnic order ?
Are we moving from kacotopia to
eutopia (Geddes) ?
TERRITORIAL STATUTE OF
HERITAGE PLACES
SELF-SUSTAINABLE
SELF SUSTAINABLELOCAL
LOCAL DEVELOPMENT
DEVELOPMENT
(GIVING
(GIVING NEW
NEW BIRTH
BIRTH OF TO
THETHE PLACE)
PLACE)
description,interpretation,
representation
of long lasting territorial heritage
Territorial ‘heritage’: environment, landscape, urban features,
local knowledge, culture and crafts in its unique character as a
living entity.
Common knowledge
• Place consciousness
• Cognitives and Community maps
Expert knowledge
• Territorial heritage atlas:
• Territorialisation process
Place consciousness
Post-Fordism: the contradiction between uniformity, destruction of cultures,
polarization and social fragmentation on one hand, and the affirmation of
differences, diversities, cultural uniqueness and social re-composition on
the other.
Place consciousness is
consciousness, aquired by inhabitants through a cultural growth
process, of the heritage value of common goods (material and
relationals), as basic elements needed for reproducing individual
and collective life, both biological and cultural.
Place cosciousness is
the condition for producing various development models based on
appropriation and use of resources by producers-inhabitants,
different social production relations referring to new statutes of
self-employed labor, different forms of direct democracy pacts,
and different strategic sectors of the economy.
.
cognitive and community maps
• Risk maps (Latin America)
• Cognitive maps (K. Lynch)
• Urban participatory design experiences
• community mapping
• the “Common ground” network
• parish maps
• parish plan (Countryside agency)
• In Italy: the “Mappe di comunità” : ecomusei, piani paesaggistici,
organizzazione partecipata degli statuti del territorio, quadri conoscitivi
dei “mondi di vita” (Convenzione Europea del Paesaggio (2000).
• http://www.england-in-particular.info/maplist.html
• Clifford, S. and King A. (1996). From Place to Place: Maps and Parish
Maps. London: Common Ground
• Leslie K.(2001) (eds), Mapping the millennium. The west Sussex
millennium parish maps project, Selsey press ltd., Selsey
• www.mondi locali .it
• www.paesaggio.regione.puglia.it.it
• www.comune.montespertoli.fi.it
Representacion de la
identidad patrimonial
A sense
of place
West
Sussex
Parish
Maps
Kim Leslie
(2006)
Piano
Paesaggistic
o Territoriale
della regione
Puglia
(Magnaghi2010)
Ecomuseum
and
community
Maps
The representation of
territorial heritage
Expert knowledge
• The territorialization process
(cognitive and material signes)
• Territorial morpho-types and figures
(landscape, heritage atlas)
Il Paesaggio come esito dei processi TDR
Territoriali
zing
process
Long term
material
sediments
Territorializa
tion
De-
territorialisat
ion
Re-
territorializat
ion
(Cycle DTR,
Magnaghi
1995))
Representation of territorialisation process : the Montalbano Tuscany
(Poli, Tofanelli 2005)
representation of territorialisation process : the Montalbano Tuscany
(Poli, Tofanelli 2005)
representation of territorialisation process : the Montalbano Tuscany
(Poli, Tofanelli 2005
representation of territorialisation process : the Montalbano Tuscany
(Poli, Tofanelli 2005
representation of territorialising process : the Montalbano Tuscany
zini
Chianti, Tuscany: the representation of structural
invariants (statutarian rules)
(Zini 2006)
• Val di
Cornia Representacion de la
identidad patrimonial
(Tuscany)
• Territorial
figure:
morpho-
typological
structures
and
statutarian
rules
(Magnaghi,
Fantini, 1995)
• Val di Cornia, Tuscany: territorial figure (details)
Representacion de la
identidad patrimonial
Territorial
l
Plan of
Prato’s
Province
(Magnaghi
2003)
Territorial
heritage:
morpho-
typological
structures
and
statutarian
rules
Territorial morpho-types (statutarian
rules)
Piano paesaggistico della Regione Puglia (Magnaghi,
Carta 2010)
Figura territoriale dell’Altopiano di
Manfredonia
Territorial figures: Master Plan for the
Arno river park (Magnaghi, Carta
Representacion de la2009)
identidad patrimonial
river-territory structural relations
Master Plan of Arno’s park (Magnaghi
Representacion 2009)
de la identidad patrimonial
Third step
Strategic scenarios (Visions for the design
of future bioregion)
• Putting into value territorial,
environmental and landscape heritage
• Conditioning territorial design to follow
each place’s statutarian rules
• Organising social and economic actors
and inhabitants for the plan’s social
production
Vision
From conurbation to City of villages ;
From metropolitan area to City of cities:
from hierarchical region to Urban bioregion
“Ideally he sees a society as made up of villages, and cities
composed of villages-like borougs- grouped into effective
bioregions, each with its own local identity and traditions-
cooperating as much as possible with each other. The villages
would form cohesive communities, which means above all that
their members would be bound to each other by a set of
reciprocal obligations, as was always the case in traditional
societies. They cannot be made up of people who seek only
their personal interests, as is the case in the atomized society
in which most of us live today”.
From the
monocentric
conurbation
(anti-city)
to the city of
communities
(POLIFUNCTIONAL
CENTERS
AND URBAN
FUNCTIONS
INTEGRATES)
from the
monocentri
c industrial
city
to the
polycentric
integrate
City of
villages
(BRESCIA (italy)
Magnaghi, Tisi,
1985)
Monocentric zoning Polycentric
Ciudad de Villajes
integrated zoning
Ciudad de Villajes
Polycentric
city of Vallo
di Diano
(Cilento)
(Portoghesi 1992)
Polycentric network
The rule of University in the local
development
Ciudad de
ciudades
Design for a regional University network system
(Fanfano 2001) Ciudad de
ciudades
The urban bioregion
• Bioregion (Latin bios-regere)
• Ecologist meaning Berg [1978,1990] , Sale [1985], Todd [1989];
• socio-ecological and municipalist meaning, Bookchin [1974],
• Bio-economics of de-growth , Latouche [2008].
Il patrimonio territoriale
Urban bioregion of Central tuscany: the
urban sprawl
Zone urbanizzate
Seminativi
Zone agricole eterogenee
Colture permanenti
Aree boscate
Urban bioregion of Central tuscany
Historical identity o the cities: valley connexions whit the planes
exploring the
Arno river on
horses, bikes and
boats to define
objectives for
action