1
Agenda
Day-1
Basics of Transport Network
DWDM Overview
Introduction to OTN
OTN interface Structure
OTN Multiplexing and Mapping
OTN Overhead Description
2
Agenda
Day-2
ASON Overview
System Structure of ASON
Feature of ASON
SLA for ASON
3
Basics of Transport Network
4
Transport Network
• Inter-connection of different transmission nodes to carry clients signals.
5
Requirements of Transport Network
Support any number Low protocol Monitor end to end Support any type of
of nodes within the complexity with performance and client traffic with
entire network unified management connection oriented quality of service.
control with strong OAM
6
Multiplexing
• Combining of multiple streams of information for transmission over a
single medium.
• Types of Multiplexing
– FDM
– TDM
– WDM
7
of TDM
Example of TDM?
?
PDH and SDH
8
Disadvantages of PDH
• Inability to identify the individual channels in higher order stream.
10
Advantages of SDH
• The SDH is based on global international standard.
11
Methods for expanding Network Capacity
• Increasing the number of fibers
Economical &
Mature & Quick
TDM
Keeps same Fiber,
SDM STM-16→ STM-
same bit rates
64
Add fiber &
equipment Cost
&Complication
Time & cost
12
What's WDM?
Gas Station
Free Way
Patrol Car
13
WDM System
• Multiple wavelength onto a single fiber.
• OSC is added for network manageability.
OSC
Transponder Transponder
14
Coarse Wavelength Division Multiplexing (CWDM)
• CWDM typically uses 20-nm spacing (3000 GHz) of up to 18 channels.
• Within the range 1270 nm to 1610 nm. Used in metro city i.e CATV.
15
Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (DWDM)
• DWDM spaces the wavelengths more closely, may be 100, 50, or 25 GHz
within C-band 1530-1565nm.
Single Fiber
16
Drawbacks of Existing DWDM
• Each input client signal will utilise a wavelength.
• No traffic switching.
18
Optical Transport Network (OTN) Overview
19
Optical Transport Network (OTN) Concept
• An OTN is composed of a set of Optical Network Elements connected by
optical fiber links.
20
Advantages of OTN
• Compared with SDH
– Ultra capacity with high accuracy, Terabit/second per fiber via DWDM lines
–
– Service transparency for client signals
21
Why OTN
• SDH uses more no. of OH which uses Bandwidth and causes delay, that
is why the practical use of SDH has stopped at STM 64 (10 Gbps).
22
Features of OTN
1 2 3 4
23
OTN Interface Structure
24
OTN Network Layers/Trails
• OPUk: Optical channel Payload Unit-k
IP/MPLS ATM Ethernet STM-N
• ODUk: Optical channel Data Unit-k
OPUk
• OTUk: Optical channel Transport ODUk
Unit
OTUk
OMSn
• OMS: Optical Multiplex Section
OTSn
25
Signal flow in OTN Layers
Client signal
Client signal
OCCo
OMU-n.m OS MUX
comms OH
OMSn OH
SC
OTM-n.m OTSn OH
FIU
OOS
U
26
OTN System Block Diagram
OSC
Mux
Client ODD
Cross Line
Trib Connect ITL OA
Signal card (DWDM)
card card FIU
Mux
Line
EVEN
card
(DWDM)
ROADM
Optical D A
Fiber
DeMux Line Cross Client
OA ITL ODD Connect Trib
FIU card
card card Signal
(DWDM)
Line
card
DeMux
OSC
EVEN
(DWDM)
29
Are you aware of OTN Layers or Trails now ?
• OH is added to the client signal to form OPU Layer.
30
OTN Multiplexing/Mapping
31
Types and capacity
33
ODU-k(TDM)
• Low rate ODUk signals are multiplexed into high rate ODUk signals using
time division multiplexing
– Up to 4 ODU1 signals are multiplexed into an ODU2 using time division multiplexing
– A mixture of 4 ODU2 and 16 ODU1 signals can be multiplexed into an ODU3 using
time division multiplexing.
34
ODU1 into ODU2 multiplexing method
35
OTU3e
36
ODUflex
• ODUflex enables an ODU container to flexibly resize its capacity based
on service capacities of ODU0 (1.25Gbps).
• Ensuring that services are not affected during the adjustment (Hitless).
37
Final OTN Structure (Mapping and Multiplexing)
39
OTN Overhead Description
40
OTN Frame Formats
3824
3825
4080
14
15
16
17
1
7
8
OTUk
1 Alignm
OH
OPUk OH
2 Client Signal
OTUk
mapped
OPU in
k Payload
3 ODUk FEC
OPUk Payload
4
Client Signal
k indicates the order:
OPUk - Optical Channel Payload Unit 1 2.5G
2 10G
ODUk - Optical Channel Data Unit 3 40G
OTUk - Optical Channel Transport Unit
Alignment
41
OTN Electrical Overhead Overview
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1 FAS MFAS SM GCC0 RES RES JC
TCM
2 RES ACT TCM6 TCM5 TCM4 FTFL RES JC
3 TCM3 TCM2 TCM1 PM EXP RES JC
4 GCC1 GCC2 APS/PCC RES PSI NJO
OPUk OH ODUk OH
PSI: Payload Structure Identifier TCM ACT: Tandem Connection Monitoring
JC: Justification Control Activation/deactivation control channel
NJO: negative justification opportunity TCMi:Tandem Connection Monitoring i
FTFL:Fault Type & Fault Location reporting
OTUk OH channel
SM: Section Monitoring PM: Path Monitoring
GCC0:General Communication Channel0 EXP:Experimental
RES: Reserved for future international GCC1/2: General Communication Channel 1/2
standardisation APS/PCC:Automatic Protection Switching
/Protection Communication Control channel
Alignment OH
FAS: Frame Alignment Signal
MFAS: multi-frame Alignment Signal
43
Frame Alignment Signal
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
1 FAS MFAS SM GCC0 RES RES JC
TCM
2 RES ACT TCM6 TCM5 TCM4 FTFL RES JC
3 TCM3 TCM2 TCM1 PM EXP RES JC
4 GCC1 GCC2 APS/PCC RES PSI NJO
44
Multi-Frame Alignment Signal
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
1 FAS MFAS SM GCC0 RES RES JC
TCM
2 RES ACT TCM6 TCM5 TCM4 FTFL RES JC
3 TCM3 TCM2 TCM1 PM EXP RES JC
4 GCC1 GCC2 APS/PCC RES PSI NJO
MFAS OH Byte
MFAS (Multi-Frame Alignment Signal)
12345678 Defined in row 1, column 7.
.
.
The value of the MFAS byte will be incremented each
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 OTUk/ODUk frame and provides as such a 256 frame
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
MFAS sequence
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
0 0 0.. 0 0 1 0 0 multi-frame.
..
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0.. 0 0 0 0 1
45
OTUk Section Monitoring overhead
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
1 FAS MFAS SM GCC0 RES RES JC
TCM
2 RES ACT TCM6 TCM5 TCM4 FTFL RES JC
3 TCM3 TCM2 TCM1 PM EXP RES JC
4 GCC1 GCC2 APS/PCC RES PSI NJO
DAPI The 64-byte TTI signal shall be aligned with the OTUk
31
32
multi-frame and transmitted four times per multi-frame.
Operator
specific
63
46
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
• BIP-8 (Bit Interleaved Parity-8)
– In Section Monitoring, a one-byte error detection code signal is defined.
– The OTUk BIP-8 is computed over the bits in the OPUk (columns 15 to 3824) area of
OTUk frame i, and inserted in the OTUk BIP-8 overhead location in OTUk frame i+2.
1 14 15 3824
Frame i OPUk
BIP8
Frame i+1
Frame i+2
47
OTUk Section Monitoring Overhead
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1 FAS MFAS SM GCC0 RES RES JC
TCM
2 RES ACT TCM6 TCM5 TCM4 FTFL RES JC
3 TCM3 TCM2 TCM1 PM EXP RES JC
4 GCC1 GCC2 APS/PCC RES PSI NJO
1 2 3
TTI BIP-8
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
BDI
IAE
DAPI
31 BEI/BIAE: Used to return the detected BER to the upstream.
32
Operator
BDI: Used to return the signal failure status detected, if defect=1.
specific
63
IAE: To inform egress point that alignment error in the incoming
signal has been detected, if error=1.
48
OTUk GCC0 and RES Overhead
• GCC0 (General Communication Channel)
– Two bytes are allocated in the OTUk overhead to support a general communications
channel between OTUk termination points
– Located in row 1, columns 11 and 12
• RES (Reserved)
– Two bytes of OTUk overhead are reserved for future international standardization
– Located in row 1, columns 13 and 14
– Set to all ZEROs
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
49
ODUk Path Monitoring Overhead
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
1 FAS MFAS SM GCC0 RES RES JC
TCM
2 RES ACT TCM6 TCM5 TCM4 FTFL RES JC
3 TCM3 TCM2 TCM1 PM EXP RES JC
4 GCC1 GCC2 APS/PCC RES PSI NJO
1 2 3
TTI BIP-8 TTI / BIP-8 / BEI / BDI
Operator
specific
63
50
ODUk Path Monitoring overhead
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
1 FAS MFAS SM GCC0 RES RES JC
TCM
2 RES ACT TCM6 TCM5 TCM4 FTFL RES JC
3 TCM3 TCM2 TCM1 PM EXP RES JC
4 GCC1 GCC2 APS/PCC RES PSI NJO
1 2 3
STAT (Status)
TTI BIP-8 In Path Monitoring, these three bits indicate presence or
status of a maintenance signal.
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
BDI
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1 FAS MFAS SM GCC0 RES RES JC
TCM
2 RES ACT TCM6 TCM5 TCM4 FTFL RES JC
3 TCM3 TCM2 TCM1 PM EXP RES JC
4 GCC1 GCC2 APS/PCC RES PSI NJO
1 2 3
TTIi BIP-8i TTIi / BIP-8i / BEIi/BIAEi / BDIi
For each tandem connection monitoring field,
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
BDIi
SAPI BEIi/BIAEi STATi this overheads’ function are the same as OTUk
15
16
SM signal.
DAPI
31 IAE status is optional
32
Operator
Six fields of ODUk TCM overhead are defined in
specific
row 2, columns 5 to 13 and row 3, columns 1 to
63
9 of the ODUk overhead
52
ODUk TCM overhead
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
1 FAS MFAS SM GCC0 RES RES JC
TCM
2 RES ACT TCM6 TCM5 TCM4 FTFL RES JC
3 TCM3 TCM2 TCM1 PM EXP RES JC
4 GCC1 GCC2 APS/PCC RES PSI NJO
STAT (Status)
1 2 3
For each tandem connection monitoring field, three bits are defined as
TTIi BIP-8i status bits..
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
BDIi
53
Nested and Cascaded ODUk connection
A1 B1 C1 C2 B2 B3 B4 A2
C1 - C2
B1 - B2 B3 - B4
A1 - A2
54
Overlapping ODUk Monitored Connections
A1 B1 C1 B2 C2 A2
C1 - C2
B1 - B2
A1 - A2
55
ODUk GCC1/GCC2
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1 FAS MFAS SM GCC0 RES RES JC
TCM
2 RES ACT TCM6 TCM5 TCM4 FTFL RES JC
3 TCM3 TCM2 TCM1 PM EXP RES JC
4 GCC1 GCC2 APS/PCC RES PSI NJO
The bytes for GCC1 are located in row 4, columns 1 and 2, and the bytes for
GCC2 are located in bytes row 4, columns 3 and 4 of the ODUk overhead.
56
OPUk Payload Structure Identifier
• PSI (Payload Structure Identifier)
– One byte is allocated in the OPUk overhead to transport a 256-byte payload structure identifier (PSI)
signal
– Aligned with the ODUk multi-frame.
– PSI[0] contains a one-byte payload type. PSI[1] to PSI[255] are mapping and multiplexing specific .
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1 FAS MFAS SM GCC0 RES RES JC
TCM
2 RES ACT TCM6 TCM5 TCM4 FTFL RES JC
3 TCM3 TCM2 TCM1 PM EXP RES JC
4 GCC1 GCC2 APS/PCC RES PSI NJO
0 PT
1
Mapping
& concatenation
specific
255
57
OTM Overhead Signal (OOS)
FDI-O
Non-Associated
n
TTI FDI-P
overhead
3
2
1
BDI-O BDI-O FDI-O
OMSn
OTSn
OCh
PMI PMI OCI
58
Maintenance and Management signal
Management
signal
function
Alignment LOF/LOM
Connectivity TTI
AIS
OCI
Maintenance LCK
Signal LTC
BDI
BEI
IAE/BIAE
59
Alarms
Layer Alarms
OTUk OTUk_LOF,OTUk_AIS,OTUk_LOM,OTUk_TIM,OTUk_DEG,
OTUk_EXC,OTUk_BDI,BEFFEC_EXC
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_TIM,ODUk_PM_DEG,ODUk_PM_EXC,
ODUk_PM_BDI,ODUk_PM_LCK,ODUk_PM_OCI,ODUk_PM_AIS,ODUk
_LOFLOM
OPUk OPUk_PLM,OPU2_MSIM,OPU3_MSIM
60
Performance events
ODUk_PM ODUk_PM_BBE,ODUk_PM_BBER,ODUk_PM_ES,ODUk_PM_FEBBE,ODUk_PM_FEBB
ER,ODUk_PM_FEES,ODUk_PM_FESES,ODUk_PM_FESESR,ODUk_PM_FEUAS,ODUk
_PM_SES,ODUk_PM_SESR,ODUk_PM_UAS
ODUk_TCMi ODUk_TCMi_BBE,ODUk_TCMi_BBER,ODUk_TCMi_BIAES,ODUk_TCMi_ES,ODUk_TC
Mi_FEBBE,ODUk_TCMi_FEBBER,ODUk_TCMi_FEES,ODUk_TCMi_FESES,ODUk_TCM
i_FESESR,ODUk_TCMi_FEUAS,ODUk_TCMi_IAES,ODUk_TCMi_SES,ODUk_TCMi_SE
SR,ODUk_TCMi_UAS
61
100G OTN
62
Major Challenges for 100G OTN
• Higher OSNR requirement
63
Key Technologies for the Coherent Feature
High-performance FEC
Advanced ePDM-QPSK
module 100G key
technologies
Advanced PDM modulation and
Digital signal processing (DSP)
format, reducing innovations
transmission baud rate technology, improving the CD and
PMD compensation capabilities
DSP
Coherent receiver High-speed DSP
64
Advantages of the 100G OTN Coherent Technology
Offers high dispersion tolerance and no DCMs are Offers a low dispersion tolerance. DCMs must be used
1. DCM-free systems
required, reducing the CAPEX and OPEX. on the line
Makes ASON rerouting easier and quicker because of Route selection during rerouting is affected by the
high dispersion tolerance. (The DSP enables dispersion compensation design and therefore
2. ASON systems
dispersion search to complete within 1000 rerouting is slow. (TDC adjustment is completed within
milliseconds.) seconds.)
DCMs are not required. The transmission latency only DCMs are required and latency is introduced. For
4. Low-latency applications
results from fibers and FEC processing. 1000 km transmission, DCMs introduce 1 ms latency.
65
What you have learned today?
• What is the drawback of DWDM?
• What are the non-associated overheads?
• What is the advantage of OTN over DWDM?
• What is the sequence of trail creation?
• What is OSC?
• Client trail is between_______________
• OMS trails is between_______________
• What you have learned today?
FEC is added in which OTN layer?
• OSC is added to which card?
• How many ODU0 will make one ODU3?
• External line-fiber is connected to which card of OTN equipment?
• Cross-connection cards are coming between which service cards
• What is purpose of ITL card?
• 3xODU1 will make_______
66
What you have learned today?
• What is the function of TTI byte?
• What is the function of BIP-8 byte?
• What are the maintenance signals?
• When MUT_LOS alarm comes?
• SM and PM bytes belongs to which OH?
• How many rows and columns are there in one OTN frame?
• What is the function of PSI byte?
67
THANK YOU
68
www.cognitel.com
ASON Overview
69
Network Facing Big Challenges
Flood
70
IP Protection is Very Costly
• All the services are to be converted into IP.
• No. of routers are required more which are protocol based and cost
effective.
IP layer
Optical layer
71
Traditional Optical Protection is Insufficient
• Half ring bandwidth need be reserved for protection, low protection
efficiency.
72
What is ASON?
• Traditional network=MP+TP.
• ASON network=MP+TP+CP.
Management Plane
=“Retina”+“Neural Networks”
Manage whole network, coordinate the
other two layers function
NMI
Control Plane
=“Brain”
Control service connectivity, provide
automatic protection and restoration
CCI
Transport Plane
= “Hand”+ “Feet”
73
Functions of ASON
• Configures end-to-end services automatically.
– Supports the route calculation automatically.
– Supports the automatic adjustment of wavelengths during rerouting.
– Wavelengths can be automatically allocated for newly created services.
74
Benefits from ASON Network
High reliability
Mesh networking
Anti multi-failures
High availability, up to
99.9999%
Simplified OAM
New service provisioning
Auto-discovery
SLA Auto route-fix
Flex-expansion
Lower OPEX
75
ASON Logical Structure
GMPLS
OCC OCC
Control Plane NMI
OCC OCC
OSPF
OCC
CCI Management
Plane
Switch Switch
NMI
Transport Plane Switch
Switch
CSPF
Switch
76
Transport Plane
• The Transport Plane contains a number of optical switches, responsible
for transporting user data via connections.
77
The Control Plane
• It consists of a series of OCC.
78
Management Plane
• The Management Plane is responsible for managing the Control plane
and transport plane. Its responsibilities include
– Configuration Management
– Fault Management,
– Performance Management,
– Accounting and Security Management
79
System Structure of ASON
80
ASON Function Structure
• ASON NE
NMS
Communication and
control unit of NE
WDM-side WDM-side
/ Client- / Client-
side Wavelength side
Interface Grooming Interface
81
ASON Function Structure
• An ASON network consists of ASON NEs, TE links, domains and SPC
(soft permanent connections).
82
ASON Function Structure
• TE Link
– TE link is a traffic engineering link. The ASON NE sends its bandwidth information to
other ASON NEs through the TE link. Used to route calculation.
• ASON Domain
– An ASON domain consists of several ASON NEs and TE links for the purpose of route
selection and management. One ASON NE belongs to one ASON domain.
83
ASON Function Structure
• PC: Permanent connection is a service connection calculated beforehand
without ASON signaling. (i.e. user to network)
84
ASON Protocol
• ASON software is used in the control plane, using LMP, OSPF-TE, and
RSVP-TE.
– OSPF-TE (routing):
Flood and gather topology for calculating service path
– RSVP-TE (signaling):
Establish and maintain the service path
85
ASON Protocol
• LMP
– A protocol used between adjacent nodes.
– LMP Creating and maintaining the Control Channels between adjacent nodes.
– LMP uses the OTN overheads or the DCC channels of the OSC to transmit messages.
Config ①
Config ③
Node A Node B
Config ④
ConfigAck/ConfigNack ②
86
ASON Protocol
• LMP Verifying TE Links
– An NE sends a hello message through a control channel to verify the link data between
adjacent NEs.
– If the check succeeds, the TE links will be in the “UP” state and the OSPF protocol flood
the information of the TE links to the entire network called SLA.
LinkSummary ①
LinkSummary ④
LinkSummary/Ack/Nack ②
87
ASON Protocol
• OSPF-TE
– OSPF-TE is an extended protocol for OSPF, and performs the following functions.
Creates neighbor relations.
Generates the network topology in control plane, different rout available information.
88
OSPF-TE--Working Mechanism
• The control links use the OTN overheads or the DCC channels of the
OSC to transmit messages.
NodeID4
NodeID1 NodeID6
NodeID3
89
ASON Protocol
• RSVP-TE
– RSVP with traffic engineering extensions
– LSP deletion
– LSP rerouting
90
ASON Protocol
Fault
Service link
positioning
information
information
91
TE Links
• Different boards generate different TE links. TE links can be classified into
the following types
– OCh TE link
93
TE Links
• OTU2 TE link and ODU2 TE link
94
Case of Protocol Application
OSPF
LMP floods
verify
TE Link thethe
automatic TE
TEbe TE Link automatic be created
links
links
created LMP verify the TE links
OSPF floods the TE links
OSPF collects the TE links
NE get the information about the
network service topologies
NE get the
information about
the
OSPFnetwork
collectsservice
the TE
links
topologies
97
Questions
• The ASON has three planes: , , and
________.
99
Features of ASON
100
Networking Characteristics of ASON
• Resource Automatic Discovery
– Each NE can search the neighbor NE automatically
– Each NE can build the topology by itself
– ASON software detects change in the resource topology in real time
T1 T4
1000km 200km
E
700km 400km
D 800km F
A C H
200km
200km
T2
I
B 200km
G T5
101
Networking Characteristics of ASON
• End to End Wavelength Service Configuration.
DMUX
DMUX
1×N
1×N
DMUX
DMUX
1×N
MUX
MUX
In 1×N
1×N
DMUX
DMUX
1×N
OTU
NE3 NE1
NE2
102
Networking Characteristics of ASON
• Only need to specify its source and sink node, bandwidth requirement,
and protection level.
• You can also set some nodes or links that the service necessarily passes
through or not pass through to restrict the service routing.
DMUX
DMUX
1×N
1×N
DMUX
DMUX
1×N
MUX
MUX
In 1×N
1×N
DMUX
DMUX
1×N
NE3 NE1
NE2
103
Networking Characteristics of ASON
• The routing protocol selects the best route.
DMUX
DMUX
1×N
1×N
DMUX
DMUX
1×N
MUX
MUX
In 1×N
1×N
DMUX
DMUX
1×N
OTU
NE3 NE1
NE2
104
SLA for ASON
105
Service Level Agreement
• SLA
– The service level agreement (SLA) is used to classify services according to the service
protection level.
106
Protection Switching types of ASON
• Protection switching
– Redundancy resource is reserved to protect the working traffic in very short time when
working channels is failed.
– Switching time is short but the bandwidth utilization ratio is low.
• Restoration switching
– Resources for an alternative route are not reserved before a failure occurs
– Real time reroute.
– Routing protocol will re-calculate the service path, then signaling protocol re-build the
new LSP to restore service.
– Restoration time is long depends on the topology but the bandwidth utilization ratio is
high.
107
Service Level Agreement
• SLA satisfy different protection requirement
Diamond service:
a. Permanent 1+1 protection
1. Dynamic restoration
Mechanism b. Rerouting 1+1 protection NA
2. Pre-Calculation restoration
c. Non-rerouting 1+1 protection
108
Permanent 1+1 Diamond Service
U2000 NMS
Working
ASON NE Client Protection
109
Permanent 1+1 Diamond Service
U2000 NMS
Working
ASON NE Client Protection
110
Permanent 1+1 Diamond Service
U2000 NMS
Working
ASON NE Client Protection
111
Permanent 1+1 Diamond Service
U2000 NMS
Working
ASON NE Client Protection
112
Permanent 1+1 Diamond Service
U2000 NMS
Working
ASON NE Client Protection
113
Rerouting 1+1 Diamond Service
U2000 NMS
Working
ASON NE Client Protection
114
Rerouting 1+1 Diamond Service
U2000 NMS
Working
ASON NE Client Protection
115
Rerouting 1+1 Diamond Service
U2000 NMS
Working
ASON NE Client Protection
116
Non-rerouting Diamond Service
U2000 NMS
Working
ASON NE Client Protection
117
Non-rerouting Diamond Service
U2000 NMS
Working
ASON NE Client Protection
118
Non-rerouting Diamond Service
U2000 NMS
Working
ASON NE Client Protection
119
Silver Service
• Real-time rerouting protection, the restoration time is related to service
type and network configuration.
U2000 NMS
ASON NE
Client
120
Silver Service
• Real-time rerouting protection, the restoration time is related to service
type and network configuration.
U2000 NMS
ASON NE
Client
121
Silver Service
• Real-time rerouting protection, the restoration time is related to service
type and network configuration.
U2000 NMS
ASON NE
Client
122
Copper Service
U2000 NMS
ASON NE
Client
123
Copper Service
U2000 NMS
ASON NE
Client
124
Service Association: Dual Homing Protection
• Service association could provide dual homing protection, it’s at the
highest protection level.
125
Electrical-layer ASON protection DEMO
C
1
B 2 D
C
A
B D
1
working trail
protection trail
A restoration trail
126
Comparison Between Optical and Electrical ASON
Protection
1+1 1+1
switching principle
Rerouting
Redundant OCH trail Redundant ODU trail
resource
Protection switching time <50ms Protection switching time <50ms
Rerouting time: several seconds Rerouting time: milliseconds to
Performance
to tens of seconds(depending on several seconds (depending on
topology and service capacity.) topology and traffic.)
127
Rerouting Strategy
• Overlapping policy
– New LSP overlaps the original route
– When bandwidth resources are insufficient
U2000 NMS
ASON NE
Client
128
Rerouting Strategy
• Overlapping policy
– New LSP overlaps the original route
– When bandwidth resources are insufficient
U2000 NMS
ASON NE
Client
129
Rerouting Strategy
• Separating policy
U2000 NMS
ASON NE
Client
130
Rerouting Strategy
• Separating policy
U2000 NMS
ASON NE
Client
131
Rerouting Strategy
• Separating policy
U2000 NMS
ASON NE
Client
132
Trigger Conditions of Rerouting
• Rerouting trigger condition
U2000 NMS
OCh,ODUk
Fiber
ASON NE
Client
133
Trigger Conditions of Rerouting
• Rerouting trigger condition
U2000 NMS
SF/ FIU Offline
OCh,ODUk
Fiber
ASON NE
Client
134
Trigger Conditions of Rerouting
• Rerouting trigger condition
U2000 NMS
Fiber OCh,ODUk
Fiber
ASON NE
Client
135
Blockless Rerouting
• Wavelength collision will make service blocked. GMPLS/ASON supports
wavelength adjustment in the rerouting process. Thus eliminate the bad
influence of wavelength collision.
Source Sink
λ1 used
λ1
λ2
136
Resource Sharing Restoration
• Resource sharing restoration based on main and backup trails increase
the anti-multi-failure survivability and protection efficiency.
137
Path Pre-Calculation
Path Pre-Calculation
U2000 NMS
Report to NMS
ASON NE
Client
138
Path Pre-Calculation
Path Pre-Calculation
U2000 NMS
Report to NMS
ASON NE
Explicit Node
Client
139
Preset Restoring Trail
U2000 NMS
ASON NE
Preset Restoring Trail
Client
140
Preset Restoring Trail
U2000 NMS
ASON NE
Preset Restoring Trail
Client
141
Revertive Service
• Non-revertive ASON trail can be revert to its original route manually.
Revertive ASON trail can revert to the original route automatically.
– Diamond and Silver ASON OCh do not support revertive, but Diamond and Silver ODUk
U2000 NMS
ASON NE
Client
142
Revertive Service
• Non-revertive ASON trail can be revert to its original route manually.
Revertive ASON trail can revert to the original route automatically.
– Diamond and Silver ASON OCh do not support revertive, but Diamond and Silver ODUk
U2000 NMS
ASON NE
Client
143
Revertive Service
• Non-revertive ASON trail can be revert to its original route manually.
Revertive ASON trail can revert to the original route automatically.
– Diamond and Silver ASON OCh do not support revertive, but Diamond and Silver ODUk
U2000 NMS
ASON NE
Client
144
Revertive Service
• Non-revertive ASON trail can be revert to its original route manually.
Revertive ASON trail can revert to the original route automatically.
– Diamond and Silver ASON OCh do not support revertive, but Diamond and Silver ODUk
U2000 NMS
ASON NE
Client
145
Revertive Service
• Non-revertive ASON trail can be revert to its original route manually.
Revertive ASON trail can revert to the original route automatically.
– Diamond and Silver ASON OCh do not support revertive, but Diamond and Silver ODUk
U2000 NMS
ASON NE
146
Service Path Optimization
• Optimizing the service path is very useful when you adjust or extend
networks
U2000 NMS
Optimize the
Path
ASON NE
Client
147
Service Path Optimization
• Optimizing the service path is very useful when you adjust or extend
networks
U2000 NMS
ASON NE
Client
148
PC/SPC Migration
• Smoothly upgrade of the legacy network to ASON
U2000 NMS
ASON NE
Non-ASON NE
PC SPC Signaling
149
PC/SPC Migration
• Smoothly upgrade of the legacy network to ASON
U2000 NMS
ASON NE
Non-ASON NE
PC SPC Signaling
150
PC/SPC Migration
• Smoothly upgrade of the legacy network to ASON
U2000 NMS
ASON NE
Non-ASON NE
PC SPC Signaling
151
In-Service Migration
• Only available for electrical service, among diamond/silver/copper.
U2000 NMS
Sliver service
152
In-Service Migration
• Only available for electrical service, among diamond/silver/copper.
U2000 NMS
Diamond to Sliver
Sliver service
153
SRLG
• In the ASON network, the SRLG needs to be set when a group of optical
fibers are in one cable.
U2000 NMS
ASON NE
Client
154
SRLG
• In the ASON network, the SRLG needs to be set when a group of optical
fibers are in one cable.
U2000 NMS
ASON NE
155
SRLG
• In the ASON network, the SRLG needs to be set when a group of optical
fibers are in one cable.
U2000 NMS
ASON NE
Client
156
How much you know about ASON?
• What are the three planes of ASON NE?
• Difference between SDH NE and ASON NE?
• Name the protocol of control plane of ASON.
• What are the protocols of GMPLS?
• Which network topology is good for ASON?
• What is function of LMP, RSVP-TE and OSPF-TE?
• How ASON functions?
• How much you know about ASON?
Based on what ASON select best route?
• What is difference between protection and restoration?
• How silver protection scheme works?
• What are the protection granularity of ASON?
• How rerouting 1+1 diamond protection works?
• What is block-less rerouting in ASON?
• What is SRLG in ASON?
157
OTN Overview
OTN interface Structure
OTN Multiplexing and Mapping
OTN Overhead Description
ASON Overview
System Structure of ASON
Feature of ASON
SLA for ASON
158
THANK YOU
159
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