2. Mekanisme ekstrinsik:
– Tekanan gas pernapasan paO2 turun dan PaCO2 naik CBF
naik
– Suhu: CBF berubah 5%-7% /1°C perubahan suhu
– Viskositas darah
– Saraf otonom
Tekanan Intra Kranial
• Total volume intra kranial berisi: otak (80%),
darah (12%), dan cairan cerebrospinal (8%).
• Salah satu komponen berubah TIK naik atau
turun
• Kompensasi:
(1) an initial displacement of CSF from the cranial to
the spinal compartment,
(2) an increase in CSF absorption,
(3) a decrease in CSF production,
(4) a decrease in total cerebral blood volume (primarily
venous).
Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)
“Any trauma patient with altered level of con- sciousness
must be considered to have a trau- matic brain injury
(TBI) until proven otherwise”