Anda di halaman 1dari 17

Diabetes Basics

KBN 2014
Understanding Diabetes
O Complex disease
O Digestion breaks down
carbohydrates  sugar
(glucose)
O Sugar bloodstream
O Insulin moves sugar into
cells for energy

KBN 2014
Definition of terms
O “blood sugar” = “ blood glucose”

O you may it hear it used interchangeably

KBN 2014
Body Function Without Diabetes

KBN 2014
Type 1 vs. Type 2 Diabetes

No insulin (key) means that sugar Insulin (key) cannot unlock the cell
cannot enter the cell. door. Insulin resistance or inability of
body to use insulin.
KBN 2014
Type 1 Diabetes
O Insulin-producing cells are destroyed
O Daily insulin replacement necessary
O Age at onset: usually childhood, young
adulthood
O Most common type of diabetes in children
and adolescents

KBN 2014
Type 1 Diabetes
Onset of diabetes: can happen relatively
quickly

Symptoms: increased urination, tiredness,


weight loss, increased thirst, hunger, dry skin,
blurred vision

Cause: uncertain, both genetic and


environmental factors

KBN 2014
Management Goal
O Diabetes is managed but does not go away
O Goal is to maintain a target glucose range

KBN 2014
Diabetes Management
Making Diabetes a Part of Life
O Insulin/Medication
O Physical Activity
O Food Intake
O Other Factors

KBN 2014
What a Child Needs?

KBN 2014
What a Child Deals With?

Everything that every child deals with


+
Diabetes

KBN 2014
Hypoglycemia Unawareness
O Their body can not tell the child the blood
sugar is low
O “I just feel funny”
O The child might simply be distracted
O You know a child is just not acting right

KBN 2014
Honeymoon Phase
O Not all newly diagnosed individuals
experience the Honeymoon Phase
O Can last for weeks up to 2 years
O We can not let our guard down

KBN 2014
Example of Target Range For Type 1
Diabetes
O Preschool and Kindergarten (3-5 yrs.)
O Before meals, blood sugar range 100mg/dl-180
O The target range is always “ordered” by Health Care
Provider

O School Age (6-12 yrs.)


O Before meals, blood sugar range 90mg/dl-180mg/dl
O The target range is always “ordered” by the Health
Care Provider

KBN 2014
Management Priorities
Preschool –Middle School (3-12 yrs.)

O Adult involvement O Student learning


based on benefits of
O Allow for participation optimal control
in school/peer activities

KBN 2014
Example of Target Range For Type 1
Diabetes
O Adolescents and young adults (13-19 yrs.)
O Before meals 90mg/dL-130mg/dL
O Always Health Care Provider Ordered

The Art and Science of


Diabetes Self-Management
Education
KBN 2014 Desk Reference, 2011
Management Priorities
Early Adolescence Later Adolescence
13-15 years 16-19 years
O Renegotiating adult/teens O Begin discussion of
role in diabetes transition to a new
management diabetes team
O Learning coping skills to O Integrating diabetes
enhance self management into new lifestyle
O Monitoring for signs of O Supporting the
depression, eating transition to
disorders, risky behaviors independence
KBN 2014

Anda mungkin juga menyukai