CONTROL SYSTEM IN OUR DAILY LIFE

SYSTEM
 System – An interconnection of elements and devices for a
desired purpose.

 Control System – An interconnection of components

forming a system configuration that will provide a desired
response.

 Process – The device, plant, or

system under control. The input
and output relationship Input Output
PROCESS
represents the cause-and-effect
relationship of the process.
TYPES OF CONTROL SYSTEM
 Open-Loop Control Systems
utilize a controller or control
actuator to obtain the desired
response.
Desired output response
Actuating Output
Process
Device

 Closed-Loop Control Open loop system without feedback

Systems utilizes feedback to
compare the actual output to
the desired output response.
Desired output response
Output
Comparison Controller Process

Measurement

Close loop system with feedback

APPLICATION OF OPEN LOOP CONTROL
SYSTEM
1. IDLE-SPEED CONTROL SYSTEM
IDLE-SPEED CONTROL SYSTEM

 The idle-speed control system is called an open-

loop control system. The system as shown would
not satisfactorily fulfill critical performance
requirements.
 If the throttle angle a is set at a certain initial
value that corresponds to a certain engine speed,
then when a load torque TL is applied, there is no
way to prevent a drop in the engine speed.
 The only way to make the system work is to have
a means of adjusting a in response to a change in
the load torque in order to maintain w at the
desired level.
2. WASHING MACHINE
 A washing machine is an
example of an open loop
control system.
 The operation of a
washing machine does
not depend on the
cleanness of the clothes,
but rather on the preset
time.
BLOCK DIAGRAM OF AN OPEN LOOP
CONTROL SYSTEM (WASHING MACHINE)
3. BURGLAR ALARM SYSTEM
 The function of the sensor is to collect data
regarding the concerned house.
 When the electronic sensor is triggered off (for
example, by the entry of an unauthorized
person), it will send a signal to the receiver.
 The receiver will then activate the alarm, which
will in turn generate an alarm signal. The alarm
signal will not cease until the alarm is stopped
manually.
BLOCK DIAGRAM OF AN OPEN LOOP
CONTROL SYSTEM (BURGLAR ALARM)
APPLICATION OF CLOSED LOOP CONTROL
SYSTEM

Air Conditioner:
 An air conditioner uses a
thermostat to detect the
temperature.
 The detected temperature
feedback to input to
control the operation of
its electrical parts to keep
the room temperature at
a preset constant. Internal structure of Air
conditioner
BLOCK DIAGRAM OF THE CONTROL SYSTEM
OF AN AIR CONDITIONER