BUILDING

CONSTUCTION
MARKET SURVEY

Done By –
E. Mohitha
P. Mounika
K. Sushma
S. Bhagya Sri
B. Naga
Deepthi
 DOORS AND WINDOWS
INTRODUCTION

 A door can be defined as ‘ an operable barrier secured in an

opening left in a wall for the purpose of providing access for the
entry and exit to the users of any structure ’.
Door is very important element of the building as it
functions as security as well as privacy from the surroundings. It
consists of two parts – frame and shutter. the door shutter is held in
position by the door frmae which in turn is fixed in the opening of
the wall by the suitable means.

 A window can be defined as ‘ an opening made in a wall for the

purpose of providing day light, vision, free of flow and
ventilation.
It too consists of frame and shutter. The window is suitable
DOORS
 TYPES OF MECHANISM

 Hinged doors - Most doors are hinged along one side to allow the door to
pivot away from the doorway in one direction but not in the other. The
axis of rotation is usually vertical.
These includes – Swing doors, French doors, Dutch doors and Garden
doors. These are used in trains or airplanes, such as for the door to the
toilet, which opens inward.

 Sliding doors - It is often useful to have doors which slide along tracks,
often for space or aesthetic considerations. The doors can slide in either
direction along one axis on parallel overhead tracks, sliding past each
other.
The doors can slide in either direction along one axis on parallel
overhead tracks, sliding past each other. These are now a days used in many
houses, particularly as an entrance to the backyard, shopping malls, lifts etc.

 Rotating doors - A revolving door normally has several wings/leaves that

hang on a central shaft forming compartments which rotate one way about
a vertical axis. These are generally used in parks, malls, AC compartments
etc.
 Materials used for Doors
 In general, doors are made of teak, rosewood, mango, Kerala rubber, Gujarat
neem, plastic, glass, metal etc.
 From the above, mango and rubber are readymade while the rest are made as
per the given measurements by the customer.

Material Used in -
Teak Residential houses, shops etc.
Mango Residences, shops, complexes
etc.
Rubber Usually in hilly areas
Rosewood Residential houses, shops,
museums, galleries etc.
Plastic Washrooms, hospitals etc.
Glass Malls, commercial buildings,
public buildings etc.
Metal (aluminium, iron etc.) Used as outer covering for
glass doors and also in Bank
security lockers respectively.
Contd…

Apart from the listed above, there are some other materials too
which include –
Flush : normal wood covered by ply;
Particle board;
Maraind film ( used as outer covering to give the look of wood) ;
HDF film : white in colour exported from China, USA, Malaysia ;
Pine wood : it is now a days used as its comparatively cheaper than other
and is exported from Malaysia.
Malaysia Timber
Contd…

SIZE – In general, height = 6 to 6.6 ft (min 72” to 84” )

width = 28 to 36 inches
thickness = 30mm
These also vary w.r.t the usage and the size of the building.

COST PRICE – per sq. ft.

Plain (without any design) – 60/-
Design, membranes, film phase doors (for toilets) – 100/-
White, PVC – 90/-
For double doors, 10% extra is charged upon the above cost prices
respectively.
Some Pictures Of Doors
WINDOWS
Materials used for Windows
 In general, for windows, any kind of listed wood can be used for the support
to the wall but among them neem is recommended and where as for the outer
frame of the glass window, only teak has to be used as it neither expand nor
contract with the season while the other kind of woods if used results in
bends and curves in the shape.
 Along with that Aluminium metal is also used for decorative purposes in them
as frame work.
 When comes to shutter part, mostly fibreglass is used as it insulates from
heat, cold and electricity, works well in extreme temperatures, and easily
yields to be made into complex and desirable shapes.
Wooden Window Aluminum Window
Fiber Glass
HINGES
 Door Hinges
 Barrel hinge - which is a sectional barrel secured by a pivot.
 Pivot hinges - which pivot in openings in the floor and the
top of the door frame. Also referred to as a double-acting
floor hinge.
 Butt/Mortise hinges - usually in threes or fours, which are
inset (mortised) into the door and frame.
 Case hinges – these are are similar to a butt hinge however
usually more of a decorative nature most commonly used in
suitcases, briefcases and the like.
Contd…

 Continuous hinges, or piano hinges - this type of hinge is

also known as a piano hinge. It runs the entire length of
the door, panel, or box.
 Flag hinges - A flag hinge can be taken apart with a fixed
pin on one leaf. Flag hinges can also swivel a full 360
degrees around the pin. Flag hinges are manufactured as a
right hand and a left hand configuration.
 Strap hinges - Strap hinges are an early hinge and used on
many kinds of interior and exterior doors and cabinets.

 Materials used – stainless steel, iron, brass.

THANK
YOU