SAFETY INSPECTION

HAIDAR NATSIR AMRULLAH, S.ST.,MT

TEKNIK KESELAMATAN DAN KESEHATAN KERJA

PPNS
2016
Pendahuluan
• Inspeksi K3 yang efektif merupakan salah satu upaya
penting dalam pencegahan kecelakaan.
• Seringkali inspeksi K3 dilakukan untuk menemukan
unsafe condition, dengan mengabaikan unsafe action
dan personal factor
• Persiapan sebelum inspeksi (preparatory
athmosphere) yang dilakukan oleh pekerja dan
supervisor mengakibatkan investigator hanya
mendapatkan temuan-temuan yang bersifat
superficial basis.
• Sebelum dilakukan Inspeksi K3, harus terlebih dahulu
dilakukan planning, preparation, training
Safety Inspection Program
PLANNING
• Who inspectors are
• When inspection will be done
• Sistem inspeksi
GENERAL REQUIREMENT
• Who establishes the inspection program?
Every employer must ensure that regular inspections are
made of all workplaces.
• What must be inspected in the workplace?
Buildings, structures, grounds, excavations, tools,
equipment, machinery, and work methods and
practices.
• How often?
Inspections must be done at intervals that will prevent
the development of unsafe working conditions.
What about tools and equipment?
Machinery, tools and equipment shall be inspected
in accordance with the manufacturer's
recommendations or as otherwise specified by
relevant sections of this Regulation.

i.e. Welding, Cutting and Allied Processes

Before using gas-welding or burning equipment,
the operator must ensure that the equipment is
free from defects, leaks, oil and grease.
When are special inspections done?
A special inspection must be made when
required by malfunction or accident.
What if there is no health and safety committee or
representative?
If there is no committee or worker health and safety
representative the employer must designate an
employer representative and the union shall designate a
worker representative to conduct the inspections.

What if there is no union?

If there is no union the employer must invite the
workers to designate one of their number to conduct the
inspections.
What happens when unsafe conditions are discovered?
Unsafe or harmful conditions found in the course of an
inspection shall be remedied without delay.

Who should be informed when unsafe conditions or acts are

found during inspections?
Whenever a person observes what appears to be an unsafe
or harmful condition or act, the person must report it as
soon as possible to a supervisor or to the employer, and the
person receiving the report must investigate the reported
unsafe condition or act and must ensure that any necessary
corrective action is taken without delay.
Developing an Inspection Program
Guidelines for Inspectors
• Employers must develop their own standards
and procedures of work to meet the
requirements of the applicable regulatory,
industry, and manufacturers' standards for their
workplace.
• The extent to which a person can carry out an
effective inspection depends upon their ability
to identify hazards. Inspectors should be
provided with a reference to follow during their
inspections.
Using Checklists
Many companies use a checklist to ensure
consistent and comprehensive inspections each
time they are done. Appropriate checklists are
developed for each job site and provide a guide
to the various standards expected to be in
place. A Checklist should inform inspectors
what to look at and what to look for.
CHECKLIST CONSIDERATION
• plant or job site layout (areas where work activities
take place)
• building-structure
• basic floor plan layouts with equipment and
machinery
• maintenance periods-shift work
• start up and shut down times
• hazardous substances used in the workplace
• storage areas
• exits
What are we looking for?
Operating standards or requirements within these areas:
• legal requirements (OH&S Regulation, fire regulations,
boiler pressure vessel, elevating devices etc.)
• company rules/regulations
• manufacturers' specifications and instructions
(forklifts, maintenance and operating procedures)
• personal protective equipment required (headgear,
footwear, gloves, respirators, locks)
• engineering controls(ventilation, guards etc.)
• emergency procedures (fire, evacuation etc.)
• first aid services and supplies.
Look at known problem areas and review records on the
following:
• accident investigations
• first aid record books
• worker complaints and reports on hazards in the
workplace
• recommendations made by safety and health
committees
• previous inspections
• maintenance reports
Inspectors

There are other people in the workplace who

should be doing inspections as part of their
normal duties or at least be involved in
maintaining a safe and healthy work place. Your
"Regular" inspection team may be required to
check on some of these people to make sure
that these day-to-day activities are being
carried out as needed.
Management
• Management should, when ever possible, show
their commitment to the program by being involved
in the inspection process. When management
becomes part of the regular inspection team, it will
show commitment to the company safety program.
• Department managers should be aware of the
conditions that exist in the workplace and the
various procedures necessary to carry out the work
process. Management should review inspection
reports and ensure that proper action is taken to
correct any hazards that are reported.
Supervisors
• Supervisors are accountable for the safety of
workers under their control. Therefore, they
should be constantly on the lookout for any
hazard that might arise in the work areas.
• Supervisors should ensure that workers are
carrying out preoperational checks when and
where they are required.
• Area supervisors should be included during the
regular planned safety inspection of their area.
Workers

Although we have referred to workers as safety

committee members and as part of the planned safety
inspection team(s), we have not identified one
important part of a workers' responsibility. This is the
pre-job inspection. It should be one of the major parts
of a company's accident prevention efforts. Workers
must inspect their work areas for hazards to ensure
that they will not be injured as a result of their job.
This may mean nothing more than watching out for
hazards or it may mean a detailed pre-job inspection
checking out equipment before use.
Qualified Inspectors
• Although we have indicated who will do inspections in compliance
with OH&S Regulation, we have not yet considered what expertise
and training they should have to carry out effective safety
inspections. Inspections should be done by employees who are
familiar with the work process and the areas they are inspecting.
They must be given instruction in the inspection system and be
made aware of the standards that have been established in the
areas they are inspecting.
• Inspectors should ensure that afternoon and night shifts are not
forgotten and are also inspected during their work periods.
• There are various types of inspections that must be done in the
workplace. Some will be done on a daily basis by operators before
using equipment and machinery, others are on going by
supervisors each time they pass through the workplace. Some
inspections will be done after an accident or the purchase of new
equipment.
Frequency of Inspections
Planned inspections
Although the term "regular" does not specify a time period,
these inspections are generally done in accordance with the
hazards associated with a particular industry and its potential
for serious incidents. An example of a low hazard industry
might be an office which does its planned inspections on a 30-
day basis. However, a higher hazard industry such as logging
might be doing planned inspections every week or 10 days. A
large construction site in downtown Vancouver could be
conducting two inspections a day to meet the required by-laws.
Planned inspections are also the time to check on other
persons who have inspection responsibilities to ensure that
they are being done according to regulation and established
standards.
Spot or Special Inspections
should be done by management, supervisors
and safety committee members from time to
time. The purpose of a spot inspection may be
to follow up on corrective action after an
incident or accident. Other reasons may be the
installation of a new piece of equipment or a
change in a work process or procedure, which
may prompt an update to the inspection
checklists or guidelines.
Inspection Procedures
The success of your program will depend on
ensuring that the inspection team is prepared to
do their inspection.
This planning will involve selecting trained team
members who are familiar with the workplace, a
review of the checklists they will be following and
ensuring members are equipped with the
appropriate personal protective equipment. Team
members should review information from
previous inspection reports and incidents.
Recording the Safety Inspection

It will be necessary to record any unsafe actions or

conditions observed during your inspection tour. A well-
written inspection report will establish the location of the
condition or action observed. Give it a hazard rating. Provide
some guidelines regarding action taken by the inspection
team. Recommend corrective action and assign
accountability for ensuring corrective action by a certain
date. Well-written inspection reports communicate to
management, supervision and the safety committee. They
will be used to make records, plot trends and develop
statistics on the hazards found in the workplace.
Hazard Ratings

Classify each item that you observe and record

during your inspection tour. This hazard rating
establishes priorities for corrective action and
also highlights the level of severity or
seriousness of the hazards.
How does the ABC rating system
work?

The A, B, C rating method is used to rate items

observed during a safety inspection. The
reason for this system is to highlight the degree
of severity of those hazards and to assist both
the inspectors and the employer in carrying out
corrective actions.
"A" Hazard
• Any condition or practice that has potential for
causing loss of life, body part and/or extensive
loss of structure, equipment or material.
• Generally this means that immediate corrective
action is required. Activity should be
discontinued until the hazard is corrected,
Examples:
• A window washer is seen working on the third
floor level without any safety belt, hanging on
with one hand and leaning out to work.
"B" Hazard

• Any condition or practice with the potential for

causing a serious injury, illness or property damage.
• Urgent situation. Requires attention as soon as
possible,
Examples:
• Someone has spilled lube oil on the main floor, leading
to the areas where workers must gain access.
• Workers observed smoking in a flammable storage
area.
"C" Hazard

• Any condition or practice with a probable potential for

causing a non-disabling injury or non-disruptive property
damage.
• These types of hazards should be eliminated without
delay, but the situation is not an emergency,
Examples:
• Worker using a hammer with a loose head, in use on a
daily basis for odd jobs.
• Worker using a heavy file without file handle.
• Oxygen and acetylene cylinders stored together, caps on,
good ventilation, fireproof surroundings.
Hazard Rating Lists
It may be helpful if the people involved in
doing inspections (e.g. employer
representatives, worker representatives, health
and safety committee members) develop a
hazard rating list to use during workplace
inspections. If this list is used for all inspections,
then hazards will be rated consistently on
inspection reports no matter who is inspecting
or when inspections are done.
Note all items observed
Record any items that are not up to your predetermined
checklist standards. Do not eliminate any condition or action
because you had it corrected during the inspection. Remember
that you are developing a record of what you found during that
inspection. Any items from previous inspections should be
noted as "repeat" items.
Copies of inspection reports must be sent to:
• Management
• Supervisors
• Joint health and safety committees
• Safety coordinator
• Worker health and safety representatives
• Maintenance
• Others?
Follow-up
Corrective action should be taken as soon as
possible on any deficiencies noted in the
inspections. Feedback on this action must be
conveyed to the inspection teams. There
should also be a system in place to follow up on
any corrective action that will require time for
completion, i.e., purchase of new equipment,
building new facilities, etc.
Monitoring
• Information obtained from your inspection reports should
be reviewed and become part of your OH&S program
records and statistics.
• Joint health and safety committees and Worker health and
safety representatives should review each inspection
report to identify any trends that may be developing in
the workplace. A proper analysis over time may reveal:
1. a need for training in certain areas
2. why incidents are occurring in certain areas
3. the need to establish priorities for corrective action
4. a need to develop or improve safe work practices
5. problem areas that may require more hazard analysis.
Safety Inspection Program