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CENTRIFUGAL PUMP
Department of Chemical Engineering
Under The Supervision Of Sir Manzoor-ul-Haq Rajput
Presented By:
15CH28
15CH136
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 Contents
1. Introduction of pumps.
2. Pumps classification.
3. Centrifugal Pump.
4. Classification of centrifugal pump.
5. Applications of centrifugal pump.
6. Parts of Centrifugal pump.
7. Working Principle.
8. Advantages & Disadvantages.
9. Conclusion.
10. References. 3
Introduction Of Pump

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 A pump is device used to move the fluids, such as
liquids, gases, or slurries.
 It increases the mechanical energy of the fluids.
 The additional energy can be used to increase:
• Velocity (Flow rate)
• Pressure.
• Elevation.

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Centrifugal

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Centrifugal Pump
 A centrifugal pumps converts mechanical energy from
a motor to the energy of a moving fluids.

 A portion of the energy goes in to kinetic energy of the

fluid motion, some into potential energy, against
gravity, to a higher altitude.

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 A centrifugal pump is a rotating machine in which
flow and pressure are generated dynamically.

 It works on the principle of forced vortex flow or

centrifugal force.

 Flow is in radial outward direction.

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Classification Of Centrifugal Pump
 Centrifugal pump may be classified to there number of
Impellers:
 Single stage centrifugal pump: One Impeller is used in
pump.
 Multi-satge centrifugal pump: More than One
impellers is used.
 Impellers may be CLOSED, SEMI CLOSED or OPEN to
the system.

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Applications
 Centrifugal pumps are used in a variety of
application:
o Almost 70-80% centrifugal pumps are used in
industry or for domestic purpose.
 Water Supply & Irrigation.
 Chemical, Food, Petrochemical Industries.
 Mining, Domestic appliances.

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Centrifugal Pump and Its Parts

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Components of centrifugal pump:
1.Impeller:
 The impeller is the main rotating part of the
centrifugal pump that provides the centrifugal
acceleration to the fluid.
2.Casing:
 It is an airtight chamber which surrounds the impeller.
 It is similar to the casing of reaction turbine.

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3. Suction pump:
 It is pump which is connected at its upper end to the inlet
of the pump or to the center of the which is commonly
known as eye.

 From which liquid is to be sump/lifted up.

 Suction pump is fitted with a valve known as suction valve.

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4. Discharge pump:
 It is a pump which is connected at its lower end to the pump
it delivers the liquid to the required height.

 Just near the outlet of the pump there is valve known as

discharge valve.

 Liquid contain high pressure as compare to inlet.

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Working Principle
 The first step in the operation of the centrifugal pump
is priming.
 Priming in the operation in which the suction pipe,
casing of the pump and portion of the delivery pipe up
to the delivery valve are competed filled with liquid
which is to be pumped.
 It is done because to remove air from these parts of
centrifugal pump.

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 After primed, delivery valve remains closed.
 The electric motor is started to rotate the impeller.
 The rotation of the impeller in the casing full of liquid
produce a forced vortex or centrifugal force which
imparts a centrifugal head to the liquid.
 When the delivery valve opened the liquid is made to
flow in an outward radial direction.
 Thus it results, increase in pressure and velocity of
liquid is to be observed at the delivery valve.

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Important Points
 The increase of pressure at any point is proportional to
the square of angular velocity and the distance of the
point from the axis of rotation.

 If the speed to impeller is sufficiently high, the

pressure and the velocity of the liquid is relatively
high.

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 Advantages Disadvantages
 Simplicity.  Poor suction
 Low power consumption. power(primed).
 Relatively inexpensive.  Produce cavitation.
 Use for  Corrosion.
domestic/commercial  can’t deal with viscous
purpose. fluids like mud and
 Low maintenance. waste.
 Weight saving.  Can’t be able to work
high speed.

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 CONCLUSION
 Transportation of fluids, relatively with high speed.
 Centrifugal pump mostly use for commercial purpose.
 Centrifugal pump have simple shape so ultimately it is
cost effective.
 Less power consumption.
 Working mechanism is simple.
 Can be Used to pump suspended or toxic fluids.
 Not used for volatile or viscous fluids.

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 REFERENCE
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v2XnYVYDyWA
 -pump.blogspot.com/2009/01/centrifugal-pump-
performance_09.html
 https://www.coursehero.com/file/17408144/CONCLUS
ION-centrifugal-pumpdoc
 http://www.pumpsolutions.com.au/how-centrifugal-
pumps-work-advantages-and-disadvantages-of-
centrifugal-pumps/

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