speed control of separately excited DC

motor using chopper

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

RAJKIYA ENGINEERING COLLEGE
AMBEDKAR NAGAR-224122(U.P.)

Submitted By : Supervised By:

Deepak Kumar Kannaujiya (1673720703) Mr. Nitesh Kr. Yadav
Gulam Ali Asgar (1673720905)
(Assistant Professor)
Harkesh Kumar Sharma (1673720906)
• INTRODUCTION
• CHOPPER
• TYPES OF CHOPPER
• PRINCIPLE OF CHOPPER OPERATION
• WORKING
• WORKING OF SEPARATELY EXCITED DC MOTOR
• BLOCK DIAGRAM
• APPLICATION OF CHOPPER IN DC MOTOR
• SIMULATION MODEL
• SIMULATION OUTPUT
• CONCLUSION
• REFERENCES
• Chopper are static power electronics device which
converts fixed dc input voltage to a variable dc
output voltage. It can be step-up or step-down.
• Separately excited dc motor has field winding and
armature winding with separate supply voltage.
• Field winding supplies field flux to armature.
• When dc voltage is supplied to motor, current is fed
to the armature winding through brushes and
commutator .
• The speed of a d.c. motor is given by relationship
N= ( V- Ia Ra)/kΦ
• Choppers are DC-DC converters that converts fixed
DC input voltage to a variable DC output voltage.
• These are widely used in regulated switching power
supplies and dc motor drives application
There are two types of choppers:
• Step-up chopper: In this the output voltage is more than
input voltage.

• Step-down chopper: In this the output voltage is less

than input voltage
• There are basically two time periods in chopper
operation, one is the “ON” time denoted as TON and
other is the “OFF” time denoted as TOFF.
• During TON we get the constant source voltage VS across
the load and during TOFF we get zero voltage across the
load.
• In this way we obtain a chopped dc voltage at the load
terminals
Ton = on time Toff = off time
T=Ton+Toff = chopping period.
α =Ton/Toff , f = 1/T = chopping frequency
Thus the voltage can be controlled by varying duty cycle α
Vo = f*Ton*vs
• Separately excited dc motor has field and armature winding
with separate supply voltage.
• Field winding supplies field flux to armature.
• When dc voltage is applied to motor , current is fed to
armature winding through brushes and commutator.
• Since rotor is placed in magnetic field and it is carrying
current also. So motor will develop the back e.m.f. and
torque to balance load torque at particular speed
• For regenerative braking of DC motor.

• Power control or motoring control.

• Choppers are used in electric cars, airplanes and

spaceships, where onboard-regulated DC power
supplies are required.
The speed of a Separately excited DC motor has been
successfully controlled by using chopper as converter
and proportional-integral type speed and current
controller based on closed loop model of dc motor. The
simulation is done in MATLAB under varying load
condition and varying reference speed condition .We can
also implement it in hardware to observe actual
feasibility.
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/dc_motor
[2]https://www.electrical4u.com/typesofdcmotorseparatelyexcited
[3]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/chopper_(electronics)
[4]https://www.electrical4u.com/chopper-dc-to-dc-converter/
[5]Bimbhra P. S., “Power Electronics”, 2014, Khanna Publications.
[6]Husain Ashfaq, “Electric Machines”, 2013, Dhanpat Rai
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