CopyrightGruber
© 2012Fourth
WorthEdition
Publishers
Copyright © 2012 Worth Publishers 1 of 44
Eksternalitas dalam kenyataanya : Eksternalitas
Lingkungan dan Kesehatan 6
6.1 Hujan asam
6.2 Pemanasan global
6.3 Ekonomi dalam merokok
6.4 Ekonomi dalam mengkonsumsi zat adiktif lainya
6.5 kesimpulan
PREPARED BY
Dan Sacks
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6.1
Kerusakan dari Hujan Asam
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6.1
Kerusakan dari Hujan Asam
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CHAPTER 6 ■ EXTERNALITIES IN ACTION: ENVIRONMENTAL AND HEALTH EXTERNALITIES
6.1
Sejarah Peraturan Hujan Asam
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6.1
Memperkirakan partikel yang merugikan Efek
Kesehatan
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Memperkirakan Partikel yang merugikan Efek
Kesehatan
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6.1
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6.2
Pemanasan global
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6.2
Output CO2 : 25 Kontributor Terbesar
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6.2
APLIKASI : Protokol Montreal
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6.2
APLIKASI : Protokol Montreal
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6.2
Dapatkah perdagangan Membuat Kyoto Lebih Hemat
Biaya ?
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6.2
Dapatkah Perdagangan Membuat Kyoto Lebih Hemat
Biaya ?
Price of
reduction per
metric ton of
carbon SUS
$210
SR
20
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6.2
Dapatkah Perdagangan Membuat Biaya Kyoto Lebih
Efektif ?
Price of
reduction per
metric ton of
carbon SUS
SR
ST
$50
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6.2
Partisipasi Negara Berkembang
Perjanjian Kyoto tidak melibatkan negara-negara
berkembang .
• Tapi pada tahun 2030 , negara-negara berkembang
akan menghasilkan lebih dari setengah dari emisi
dunia .
• Jauh lebih murah untuk menggunakan bahan bakar
seefisien Anda mengembangkan basis industri
daripada untuk " retrofit " basis industri yang ada .
• Dengan beberapa perkiraan , sistem perdagangan
internasional yang mencakup negara-negara
berkembang akan mengurangi biaya perjanjian Kyoto
dengan faktor keempat
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Bagaimanakah dimasa depan ?
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6.2
APLIKASI : Kongres mengatasi Pemanasan Global
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APLIKASI : Kongres Mengatasi Pemanasan Global
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Ekonomi dalam Merokok
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Konsumsi Rokok Tahunan per Kapita, 1990−2010
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Leading Causes of Death, 2008
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Apakah Merokok Memiliki Eksternalitas?
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Eksternalitas Merokok : Peningkatan Biaya
Kesehatan
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Eksternalitas Merokok: Produktivitas Kerja
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Eksternalitas Merokok: Kebakaran
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Eksternalitas Merokok: “death benefit”
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Bagaimana dengan Asap Rokok?
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Sebaiknya Kita Hanya Peduli tentang Eksternalitas,
atau apakah “Internalitas” juga?
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Orang Dewasa tidak Berhenti Merokok Bahkan Bila
Mereka Memiliki Keinginan yang Dapat Dilakukan
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Orang Dewasa tidak Berhenti Merokok Bahkan Bila
Mereka Memiliki Keinginan yang Dapat Dilakukan
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Implikasi Kebijakan Pemerintah
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Ekonomi Perilaku Adiktif Lainnya: Minum Minuman
Keras
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BUKTI: Pengaruh dari Minum Keras pada Usia Dini
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Obat Terlarang
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APLIKASI: Kebijakan Publik Menuju Obesitas
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Kesimpulan
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6.5
Kesimpulan
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