Organism Distribution

in Estuarine Ecosystem
Created by:
Adrial Ikhwan (1720422006)
Elpe Bibas (1720422002)
Estuary?
An estuary is an inlet of the sea reaching into a river
valley as far as the upper limit of tidal rise, usually
being divisible into three sectors:
1. Lower estuary (Polyhaline), in free connection
with the open sea;
2. Middle estuary (Mesohaline) , subject to strong
salt and fresh water mixing;
3. Upper or fluvial estuary (Oligohaline),
characterized by fresh water but subject to daily
tidal action.
Estuary?
Abiotic characteristics of estuaries
1. The rise and fall of the tide,
2. Complex water movements,
3. High turbidity levels,
4. different salt concentrations.
5. The nature of land-forms
a) beaches,
b) barrier islands,
c) mud flats,
d) deltas and the geometry of the basin
Estuary?
Biotic characteristics of estuaries:
1. Salt marshes,
2. Mangrove swamps,
3. Submersed grass beds,
4. Oyster reefs.

in general, one has to look carefully to obtain even an

idea of the biological structure of estuaries.
Estuary?
FIVE VIEWS OF A GENERALIZED
ESTUARY : Top view
Cross-Section View
Longitudinal Section
A Typical Estuarine Food Web
ESTUARINE HABITAT TYPES
ESTUARINE HABITAT TYPES
ESTUARINE HABITAT TYPES
ESTUARINE HABITAT TYPES
Zooplanton distribution in Estuarine

Scematic representation and dispersion of developmental stage of E. affinis

Necton distribution in Estuarine
Benthos distribution in Estuaries
Terimakasih