KESEHATAN DI RS
(berbasis kasus kasus yg ada di RS)
Oleh :
Rully Yuliandhari, S.Farm.M.Farm.Klin,Apt
MASALAH TERKAIT KEBUTUHAN OBAT
Bagaimana kita dapat mengidentifikasi
kebutuhan, terkait obat pasien ?
• Zinc supplementation
reduces the duration and
Conclusion severity of acute and
persistent diarrhea.
Mukacik, et al., A Meta Analysis The Effect of Zinc in the Treatment of Acute and Persistent
Diarrhea Pediatrics 2008;121;326
Impact of Vitamin A Supplementation on Diarrhea
and Acute Respiratory Infection Among Children
Imdad et al. Impact of vitamin A supplementation on infant and childhood mortalityBMC Public Health 2011, 11(Suppl 3):S20
Zinc&Probiotik
Drugs Indication Dose Side Effects Administration
Zinc Tab Persistent 10 mg In Dizziness, Maybe taken
Diarrhea, Zinc children < 6 restlessness, with food if GI
Defficiency months old nausea, upset occurs.
vomiting
Rekam Farmasi 29
Contoh Penerapan SOAP
• S : Pasien merasa gatal-gatal setelah minum tablet
Ciprofloxacin 250 mg, terjadi eritema dan pruritus
Rekam Farmasi 30
Prioritas Penggunaan PMR
PMR dilakukan pada semua pasien terutama pasien yang
memiliki kriteria :
• Umur tertentu
o Penderita tua berumur > 60 th
o Anak berumur < 12 th
• Penyakit tertentu
o Asma
o Epilepsi
o Diabetes
• Obat tertentu
o Antikoagulan
o Oral kontrasepsi
o Steroid
• Kebutuhan tertentu
o Sensitif penisilin
o Multipel terapi
o Confusion
Rekam Farmasi 31
Possible Combination of
Antihypertensive Drugs
Drugs Onset
Pharmacokinetic ACEIs
Duratio Bioav. Active Food Half Prot. Route of Adverse
of n of Metab Effect Life Bind. Elimination Effect
Action Action (h) (%) (%)
(hour) (hour)
Re He
nal par
Captopril 1-1,5 6-12 60-75% No Yes 1.9 25% - >95 -
30%
Ramipril 1-2 24 28% Yes Slowly 13-17 73% 60 40
Diacid Abs.
ramiprilat Hipotensi
Dry cough
Lisinopril 1 24 25-30% No No 11-12 25% >95 -
Hiperkalemi
Fosinopril 1 24 36% Yes Slowly 12 95% 50 50 Angioedem
Diacid Abs.
fosinoprila
t
Enalapril 1 12-24 60% Yes No 2 50-60% 80 20
Diacid *35-
enalaprilat 38
Lacy, C.F., Amstrong, L.L., Goldman, N.P., Lance, L.L. (Ed.), 2009. Drug Information Handbook 18th edition. APhA : Lexi-Comp.
Turner and Barreas. 2003. Angiotensin II receptor blockers. Baylor University Medical Center.
Pharmacokinetic ARBs
Drugs Onset Duratio Bioav. Active Food AT1 Half Life Prot. Route of
of n of Metab. Effect receptor (Hour) Bind. Elimination
Action Action affinity (%) (%)
Drug Metab.
(hour) (hour)
Re He
nal par
Losartan 6 24 25- Yes EXP 10% C 2 6-9 98,7 35 60
33% 3714 decrease
Valsartan 2 24 25% No No C 9 - 95 13 83
A = Highest level of affinity B = Second in line after A C = Third In line After A and B
Lacy, C.F., Amstrong, L.L., Goldman, N.P., Lance, L.L. (Ed.), 2009. Drug Information Handbook 18th edition. APhA : Lexi-Comp.
Turner and Barreas. 2003. Angiotensin II receptor blockers. Baylor University Medical Center.
PENUTUP
Pedoman Pemantauan Terapi
Obat, bukan merupakan standar Apoteker sebagai long life
yang learner harus selalu
bersifat mutlak, maka dalam menambah pengetahuan
pelaksanaan di lapangan dan keterampilannya melalui
apoteker perlu menambah pendidikan formal atau non
informasi dan referensi dari
formal (continuing
sumber lain
professional development).