A curriculum is a plan for learning. (Taba, 1962). A number of plans, in written form and of varying scope, that delineate the desired learning experiences. The curriculum, therefore, may be a unit, a course, a sequence of courses, the school‘s entire program of studies . . . (Oliva, 2008, p.7).
The planned and guided learning experiences and intended outcomes, formulated through the systematic reconstruction of knowledge and experience, under the auspices of the school, for the learner's continuous and willful growth in person-social competence. (Tanner and Tanner, 1975). All the learning which is planned and guided by the school, whether it is carried on in groups or individually, inside or outside the school (Kelly, 2009, p.10).
All of the experiences that individual learners have in a program of education whose purpose is to achieve broad goals and related specific objectives, which is planned in terms of a framework of theory and research or past and present professional practice (Hass, 1987, p.5). Curriculum is defined as all the planned learning opportunities offered to learners by the educational institution and the experiences learners encounter when the curriculum is implemented (Print, 1987, p.4). [Curriculum] includes not only the content of subject matters, but how knowledge is organised, how teachers teach, how learners learn and how the whole is evaluated Sirotnik (1991, p. 243).
[Curriculum] includes not only the content of subject matters, but how knowledge is organised, how teachers teach, how learners learn and how the whole is evaluated Sirotnik (1991, p. 243). [Curriculum] includes not only the content of subject matters, but how knowledge is organised, how teachers teach, how learners learn and how the whole is evaluated Sirotnik (1991, p. 243). A curriculum is an attempt to communicate the essential principles and features of an educational proposal in such a form that it is open to critical scrutiny and capable of effective translation into practice (Stenhouse, 1975).
course, while to others it has meant the entire educational environment Whereas perceptions of the term may vary, it must be recognized that curriculum encompasses more than a simple definition. Curriculum is a key element in the educational process; its scope is extremely broad, and it touches virtually everyone who is involved with teaching and learning.
No other area has greater emphasis been placed upon the development of curricula that are relevant in terms of student and community needs and substantive outcomes. The vocational and technical curriculum focuses not only on the educational process but also on the tangible results of that process. This is only one of many reasons why the vocational and technical curriculum is distinctive in relation to other curricular areas.
History has an important message to convey about antecedents of the contemporary vocational and technical curriculum and provides a most meaningful perspective to the curriculum developer. Curriculum as we know it today has evolved over the years from a narrow set of disjointed offerings to a comprehensive array of relevant student learning experiences. UNGGUL, KREATIF, INOVATIF TAKWA, MANDIRI, CENDEKIA uny.ac.id