EFFECTIVE
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VOCABULARY
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m n RAJU
You will learn . . .
What is effective vocabulary?
Why learn more words?
How many words to learn?
Which words to learn?
‘Knowing a word’ means?
How to learn words?
m n RAJU
Effective Vocabulary
m n RAJU
Why learn more words?
to speak & write better
to listen & read better
to think clearly & powerfully
to invite more ideas
to communicate effectively
m n RAJU
How many words to learn?
1,000 words for a basic conversation
2,000 words to survive through the day
10,000 words for university education
New
Expressive
Important
New vs known
Important vs not-so-important
Expressive vs receptive
m n RAJU
Knowing a word means . . .
knowing its
Appropriate Meaning
Denotation Connotation
ness Relation
Spelling Pronunciation
Synonyms Antonyms
m n RAJU
How to Learn Words - 1
Discovery Strategies
Increased exposure
Incidental learning
Guess from context
Use dictionary
Ask someone
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Guessing Meaning
It was at the water queue that
Perumayee learnt to fight,
push and shove. “If you stand
there like a dumb idiot, you
will come home with an empty
bucket”, screamed Amma.
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Use Dictionary
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Use a Thesaurus
The little boy slipped,
tripped, stumbled, tumbled,
dropped and fell, but
continued his journey till he
was ankle-deep in the cold,
blue, white and wonderful
water in the river.
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Learn to Ask
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How to Learn Words - 2
Memory Strategies
Memorize
Use meaning relations
Use word parts
Use imagery
Mnemonics
m n RAJU
Spelling
Spell these words right?
m n RAJU
Pronunciation
coup, diaphragm, bomb,
pseudonym, thumb, corps,
pneumonia, reign, psalm
/kuː/, /ˈdaɪəfræm/, /bɑm/,
/ˈsjuːdənɪm/, /θʌm/, /kɔː(r)/,
/njuːˈməʊniə/, /reɪn/, /sɑːm/
m n RAJU
Learning Pronunciation
Use a dictionary
Listen to newscasts
Listen carefully
m n RAJU
Synonyms
Thin
Slim
Slender
Skinny
Lean
m n RAJU
Antonyms
m n RAJU
Homophones
Aloud – allowed
Peace – piece
Hire – higher
Root – route
Might – mite
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Homonyms
Rise – raise
Book – book
Bank – bank
Story – storey
Knees – niece
m n RAJU
Collocation
Heavy rain
Strong wind
Mobile phone
A quick meal
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Collocation
homework, effort,
mistakes, something,
copies, a job
Make
Make Do
Do
effort money homework whatever
mistakes judgments a job gardening
copies sure something work
a difference anything
sense things
a decision nothing
well
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Lexical Web
Liner Port-hole
Cabin On board
Berth Steward
Deck Smoking room
m n RAJU
Root Words
Match the root words on the left with their meanings:
Root Meaning
chrono year
bell short
arthro color
chrom war
vit believe
cred joint
brev life
ann time
m n RAJU
Grammar
The studiousness of the
studious student who
studied studiously at the
students hostel during
the study hours was
appreciated.
m n RAJU
Using Images
Sunshine Lightning
Puddles Raindrops
Hailstorm Snowflakes
Frost Weather
Forecast
Flood Drought
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Mnemonics
m n RAJU
How to Learn Words -3
Metacognitive Strategies
Set learning goals
Conscious effort
Practice
Test yourself
Review repeatedly
m n RAJU
Practice, more practice
Written repetition
Spoken repetition
Word lists
Word Association
Vocabulary notebooks
m n RAJU
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www.slideshare.net/lionnagaraju
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lionnagaraju@gmail.com
m n RAJU