ARTIFICIAL SKIN

P. PETCHIAMMAL
III B.Sc CHEMISTRY,
St. JOHN’S COLLEGE
 SKIN
It’s the human body’s largest organ
it‘s helps to regulate the body temperature
Helps preserve fluid balance
It protects the body from disease & physical
damage
 LAYERS OF SKIN
• Epidermis
It’s the outer layer,which is composed of cells
keratinocytes,melanocytes and Langerhans.

• Dermis
The dermis composed of connective tissue fibres,such as Collagen
and it supplies nourishment to the epidermis.
It protect nurses,blood vessels,sweet gland,hair from harmful bacteria.
 ARTIFICIAL SKIN
Artificial skin is a synthetic substitute for
human skin.itshuman bodies largest
organ.ato treat a burned skin,surgeons first
removed the burned skin & then quickly
cover the underlying tisdue,usually with the
combination of laboratory grown skin cells.
When skin is damaged or lost due to injury or
burns,bacteria and other micro organism
have essay access to warm,nutrient rich
body fluids
 BRIEF HISTORY OF ARTIFICIAL SKIN

• 3000-2500BC India : Skin is allegedly transplanted by Hindus from the buttocks to repairs
mutilated ears and noses.
• 1998 Unitated states: First tissue engeenared skin is approved by FDA.
• 2002 Unitated states: Integra is FDA
• approved for treatment of severe burns.
John F.Burke(July 22 1922-2011) was an
American medical researcher at Harvard
university widely known for his co-invention
of artificial skin In 1981 together with
Dr.LoAnnie Y.yannas.
 POLYMERS USED IN ARTIFICIAL SKIN

• Silicon polymers
• Polyesters
• Polylactic acid
• Other conventional material
• Scaffold
• Collagen
 SCAFFOLD

• Scaffold is a molecular microscopy smaller structure,which is made up

of polymer fibres that guide the growth of cells.
• The polymer used in a scaffolding consists of polylactic acid and
polyglycolic acid
• Artificial skin is a collagen scaffold that induces regeneration of
skin(dermis) in mammals such as humans.
 COLLAGEN
• Collagen is a protein made up of amino
acids,which turn build up of carbon,oxygen,and
hydrogen.
• Collagen contains specific amino acids-
glycine,proline,hydroxyproline and argeinine
• Collagen is a tough,strong fibre,that provides
tensile,elasticity, and compressive strength to your
argans and tissue.
 COLLAGEN SCAFFOLD
• Collagen is a main structural protein of most hard and soft tissues in animals
and the human body’s.
• Which plays role in maintaining the biological and structural integrity of ECM
and provides physical support to tissues.
• Collagen can be extracted and purified from the variety of sources.
• It possess extensive sources(such as bone,tendons,ligament,blood
vessel,nerve,skin) as it is the main structural protein of most hard and soft
tissues.
 COLLAGEN SCAFFOLD
• In addition immunogenicity,a porous structure,good
permeability,biocompatiability and biodegradability.
• It has functions to regulate the morphology,adhesion,migration,and
differentiate of cells.
 COLLAGEN SCAFFOLD
• Properties of collagen scaffold,it presents poor mechanical properties and
structural stability.
• Ultraviolet irradiation,gamma radiation and dehydrothermal treatment are
the most commonly used physical treatment.
• They could increase the mechanical properties of the collagen scaffold
while reducing the solubility and absorption without toxicity.
MANUFACTURING PROCESS
DERMAGRAFT
• Is indicated for use in the treatment of full-
thickness diabetic foot ulcers.
• The product was approved for sale in the
Unitated states in 2001.
• It’s a cryopreserved human fibroblast -
derived dermal substitute.(HFDS)
 TRANSCYTE
• Is indicated for use as a temporary wound covering for surgically excissed
full-thickness and deep partial thickness thermal burn wounds.
• The product of human fibroblast-derived temporary skin substitute.
• It was approved for sale in the Unitated states in 1999 and is also approved
and marketed in a number of other countries.
 INTEGRA
• Is a bilayer artificial skin replacement with a dermal layer composed of a
bovine collagen gel cross linked with shark chondroitin-6-sulphate.
• The synthetic epidermal layer is composed of a polysiloxane polymer that
was removed before use in this study.
SHARK CHONDROITIN-6-SULPHATE
 ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES
Advantages
• It looks real
• Chances of survival for burn patients
• Artificial skin seals the wound
preventing fluid loss and bacteria
from entering through the wound.
• The fear of stigmatization of the
patient is eliminated.
Disadvantages
• Risks of infection and rejection by the
patients
• Loss of sensitivity
• Cut of blood supply
• Artificial skins are very expensive
• You skin may develop allergies to
something artificial
THANK YOU
😊