Focus on the
communication aspects.
Accessing WSNs through Internet.
Architecture of WSN
•wireless sensor node :
• consists of sensing, computing, communication, actuation, and
power components
•All components mounted PCB size in inches.
•state-of Circuit-the-art to design:
•low-power circuit as sensor node powered by 2 AA batteries
•Working for 3 years.
•A WSN usually consists of tens to thousands of such nodes that
communicate through wireless channels for information sharing
and cooperative processing.
•After the initial deployment (typically ad hoc), sensor nodes are
responsible for self-organizing an appropriate network
infrastructure
Working
•The onboard sensors then start collecting
Acoustic
•Example: mechanical waves in gases, liquids, and solids, 2.
Seismic: Seismic information is used to accurately plan locations
for wells, reducing the need for further exploration and
minimising environmental impact.
•, infrared or magnetic information about the environment, using
either continuous or event driven working modes.
•Location and positioning information can also be obtained
through the global positioning system (GPS) or local positioning
algorithms.
•users can retrieve information of interest from a WSN by
injecting queries and gathering results from the so-called base
stations.
Hardware Constraints of WSN
•Specification of the components of sensor nodes:
•Sensor Node:
•It may be of variable size.
•The sensor node should be cheap.
•They must be of small size.
•They have limited storage
•Microcontroller:
• It has on chip memory, peripherals and CPU.
•Depending on the application it can be 8/16 bit.
•It has memory less than 128 KB.
•It operates at low speeds(less than 20 MHz)
•It has low power consumption
•Radio Transceiver:
•They work in ISM(Industrial, Scientific, Medical) bands. They are free bands user
need not pay to operate in these bands.
•They have range varying from 100-300 feet.
•They have low output power.
•Different sensor node constrains are as
follows:
• They must be of small size and cheap
•The memory space is less, so limited storage is
available
•They should have a low power transceiver.
•They must have low data rate.
•They range of transmission is important. The
transmitting range is controlled by different
protocol.
•The power to device is limited. It is not possible
to easily recharge the battery.
•Questions
•What are the hardware constraints of WSN?
•What is wireless sensor network expalin with help of
architecture?
•What are the challenges of WSN?
•Explain the advantages and disadvantages of WSN.
•Give the specification of the component of Sensor node.
•Session 2
•Explain protocol suit of WSN
•Introduction of Topologies of WSN
•Introduction of all application of WSN
Explain protocol suit of WSN
Short range
2.
Cost
3.
•Livestock Tagging
•Tracking Penguins
•Package Tracking
•What is RFID? Explain with examples?
•Write short note on RFID based data communication?
•What are different advantages and disadvantages of WSN and
RFID systems.
•Write short note on RFID Components with diagram?
•What is difference between active tag and passive tags?
•Describe advantages of RFID?