THERMAL PROPERTIES
19.1 INTRODUCTION
Heat capacity, thermal expansion, and thermal conductivity
In metals, only electrons at states near the Fermi energy are capable of
such transitions, and these represent only a very small fraction of the
total number. An even smaller proportion of electrons experiences
excitations in insulating and semiconducting materials.
F.19.2
l f l0
T f T0 (19.3a)
l0
l
l T (19.3b)
lo
V
v T (19.4)
V0
Metals T19.1
k kl k e (19.6)
Where k l and ke represent the lattice vibration and
electron thermal conductivities.