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Functional, Enterprise, and

Interorganizational Systems
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Dukungan SI pada Fungsi Bisnis

Contoh fungsi bisnis: keuangan,

akuntansi, marketing,
operasi/produksi, persediaan,
logistik, SDM, dll
Dukungan SI dalam hal melakukan
integrasi semua fungsi bisnis di
dalam suatu perusahaan sehingga
dapat efektif dan efisien
Tujuan: meningkatkan produktivitas,
kualitas, kecepatan/speed, layanan
kepada pelanggan, dll

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Alur Informasi ke dan dari SIM

Business
transaction

Reports:
Scheduled
Exception Enterprise
Demand Applications
TPS MIS such as EIS
Others

Functional
Database Data Applications
Internal/external Warehouse such as DSS

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Tugas TPS

Pemroses pemesanan
The ledger (buku besar)
Laporan pembayaran dan penerimaan
Manajemen persediaan, penerimaan,
pengiriman barang
Daftar gaji/upah
Pemberi laporan secara periodik

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Accounting and Financial Systems

 Financial planning and budgeting

 Economic and financial forecasting
 Budgeting
 Investment management
 Access to financial and economic reports
 Financial analysis
 Financial controls
 Budgeting control
 Auditing
 Financial health analysis
 Profitability analysis and cost control

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Marketing and Sales Systems (1)

 Customer service
 Customer profiles and preference analysis
 Mass customization
 Targeted advertising on the web
 Customer inquiry system and automated help desk
 Telemarketing
 Yaitu sebuah proses yang menggunakan telekomunikasi dan SI
untuk menjalankan program-program pemasaran
 Aktivitas telemarketing: advertising and reaching customers,
order processing, customer service, sales support, and account
management
 Distribution channels management
 Delivery management
 Memperbaiki penjualan pada toko-toko pengecer

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Marketing and Sales Systems (2)

 Marketing management
 Penentuan harga produk atau layanan
 Produktivitas tenaga penjual
 Analisis tingkat keuntungan produk, jasa, dan pelanggan
 Analisis penjualan dan kecenderungannya
 Rencana produk, jasa, dan pasar baru
 Isu-isu sosial dan etika dalam aktivitas penjualan
yang didukung oleh TI
 Customer Relationship Management (CRM)
 Mempermudah pelanggan untuk berbisnis dengan perusahaan
 Fokus pada pelanggan akhir terhadap produk atau jasa perusahaan
 Mendesain ulang proses bisnis yang dimulai dari kebutuhan pelanggan
akhir, baru mundur sampai pada bagian pengadaan bahan baku
 Jalur perusahaan meningkatkan keuntungan: melakukan desain secara
menyeluruh (komprehensif) melalui pengembangan electronic business
architecture
 Meningkatkan loyalitas pelanggan, mis: melalui e-com, e-gov, e-proc, dll

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Production and Operation Management

Systems
 Logistics and materials management
 Logistik: berhubungan dengan order, pembelian, dan aktivitas
pengiriman inbound dan outbound
 Material: berhubungan dengan aktivitas pengiriman inbound
 Inventory management
 Quality control
 Planning production/operations
 Material requirement planning (MRP)
 Manufacturing resource planning (MRP II)
 Just-in-time systems
 Project management
 Short-term schedules
 Automated design work and manufacturing
 Computer-aided design (CAD)
 Computer-aided manufacturing (CAM)
 Computer-integrated manufacturing (CIM)

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Human Resources Management

Systems
 Recruitment
 Position inventory
 Recruitment using the internet
 Employee selection
 Human resources maintenance and
development
 Training and human resources development
 Performance evaluation
 Turnover, tardiness, and skill inventory
 Benefit administration
 Government report
 Personnel planning
 Succession planning and implementation
 Labor-management negotiations

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 Integrated IS and Enterprise Resource
Planning
Engineering philosophy:
•Overall customer value
•Manufacturability
•Flexibility
•Tight alliances with
customer
Engineering
Suppliers
Marketing
Marketing philosophy:
•Tight alliances with customers
•Matching needs of customers with
firm’s ability to deliver
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Corporate strategy:
Manufacturing philosophy:
•Vision to keep the organization
looking and moving forward •Team work
•Unity of purpose •Continuous improvement
•Cross functional and total quality •Flexibility
management to sustain competitive
•Online control
advantage
•Locking product and process
designs
Manufacturing
Integrated IS Customer
Finance/Accounting
Finance/Accounting philosophy:
•Timely and reliable information and measures
for assessing short and long term performance
•Continuous search for areas of opportunity for
reducing costs, lead times, and improving quality
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Interorganizational/Global IS

 Yaitu: aliran informasi antar 2 atau lebih organisasi,

yang dapat dioperasikan dalam 1 atau lebih
perusahaan
 Tipe sistem interorganisasional:
 Global systems
 Electronic data interchange (EDI)
 Electronic funds transfer (EFT)
 Extranets
 Shared databases
 Integrated massaging
 Global IS
 Multinational companies
 International companies
 Virtual global companies
 Isu-isu dalam desain interorganizational/global IS
 Cultural differences
 Economic and political differences
 Transfer of data across international borders
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