Data Transmission

Group Members
Zeeshan Rafique (16201519-026)
Muhammad Waleed (16201519-105)
Ghufran Khan (16201519-149)
Umair Hashmi (16201519-158)
 Data Transmission
• Data transmission is the physical transfer
of data (a digital bit stream) over a point-
to-point or point-to-multipoint
communication channel.
• Communication channel is any physical
media like cables etc.
Data Transmission Modes
 Parallel Transmission
• Transmitted simultaneously on separate
wires.

• Multiple circuits for connection.

• Devices close to each other.

• E.g. Data transmission between computer

Diagrammatic representation of
Parallel Transmission
 Advantages of parallel
transmission
• Time required is only one clock cycle.
• Clock frequency can be kept low.
 Disadvantages of parallel
transmission

• Number of wires.
• Too many wires.
 Serial Transmission
• Transmitted serially on same wire.

• Requires 1 wire to connect.

• Close or far doesn't create any problem.

• E.g. Data transmission between computer

and computer.
Diagrammatic representation of
serial transmission
 Advantages of serial
transmission
• Only one wire is required.
• Reduced cost due to less number of
conductors.
 Disadvantages of serial
transmission:
• Speed of data transfer is low.
• To increase speed of data transfer, clock
frequency needs to be increased.
 Types of Serial Transmission
• In data communication, Timing control of
the reception of bits is important. There
are two methods of timing control for
reception of bits.
 Asynchronous Data
Transmission
• Data bytes transmitted at any instant of
time.
• One byte at a time.
• Ideal time between two bytes.
• Different clock frequencies.
• “start” and “stop” bits are used.
• Ideal time is not constant, also known as
gaps.
• Timing of signal is not important.
Diagrammatic representation of
Asynchronous Transmission
 Advantages of asynchronous
transmission:
• Synchronization not necessary.
• Cheap scheme.
 Disadvantages of synchronous
transmission:
• ‘Start’ and ‘stop’ bits and gaps makes
transmission slow.
• Timing error.
 Synchronous Data
Transmission
• Carried out under common master clock.
• Transmitted as a block of bits.
• Operate at same clock frequencies.
• No „start‟ and „stop‟ bits required.
• No gaps between data bytes.
• Timing of signal is important.
Diagrammatic representation of
synchronous transmission
 Advantages of asynchronous
transmission:
• Speed of data is much.
• Timing errors are reduced.
 Disadvantages of synchronous
transmission:
• Data entirely dependent on timing.
• Devices should be properly synchronized