INFORMATION SYSTEM DEPARTMENT HUMAN AND COMPUTER INTERACTION GROUP ASSIGNMENT II
GROUP MEMBERS 1.EDEN ZEWDIE 595/08 2.GEMECHIS SHIFERAW 607/08 3.MESERAT BEFIKADU 623/08 4.MOHAMMED JAFER 575/08 1.SENSOR
A device which provides a usable output in response to a specified
measurement. suitable for processing (e.g. optical, electrical, mechanical) Nowadays common sensors convert measurement of physical phenomena into an electrical signal a sensor is a device, module, or subsystem whose purpose is to detect events or changes in its environment and send the information to other electronics, frequently a computer processor . A sensor is always used with other electronics. Types of sensor 1. Motion Sensors Monitor location of various parts in a system absolute/relative position angular/relative displacement proximity acceleration 2. Light Sensor Light sensors are used in cameras, infrared detectors, and ambient lighting applications . Sensor is composed of photo conductor such as a photo resistor, photodiode, or photo transistor. 3.Magnetic Field Sensor Magnetic Field sensors are used for power steering, security, and current measurements on transmission lines
Fig 2.magnetic field sensor
4.Ultrasonic Sensor Ultrasonic sensors are used for position measurements • Sound waves emitted are in the range of 2-13 MHz • Sound Navigation And Ranging (SONAR) • Radio Detection And Ranging (RADAR) – ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES !! 15° - 20
Fig 4.ULTRASONIC SENSOR
2.RFID It is a technology which works on radio frequency and it is used for the auto- identification for the different object. The RFID system mainly consists of two parts. In this RFID system, this RFID reader continuously sends radio waves of a particular frequency. It uses electromagnetic fields to automatically identify and track tags attached to objects. The tags contain electronically-stored information. Passive tags collect energy from a nearby RFID reader's interrogating radio waves. Active tags have a local power source (such as a battery) and may operate hundreds of meters from the RFID reader. Unlike a barcode, the tag need not be within the line of sight of the reader, so it may be embedded in the tracked object. RFID is one method of automatic identification and data capture (AIDC). RFID APPLICATION Manufacturing and Processing – Inventory and production process monitoring – Warehouse order fulfillment Supply Chain Management – Inventory tracking systems – Logistics management Retail – Inventory control and customer insight Auto checkout with reverse logistics Security – Access control – Counterfeiting and Theft control/prevention Location Tracking – Traffic movement control and parking management – Wildlife/Livestock monitoring and tracking 3.3D interface three-dimensional is a misnomer—their displays are two-dimensional. Semantically, however, most graphical user interfaces use three dimensions. With height and width, they offer a third dimension of layering or stacking screen elements over one another. This may be represented visually on screen through an illusionary transparent effect, which offers the advantage that information in background windows may still be read, if not interacted with. Or the environment may simply hide the background information, possibly making the distinction apparent by drawing a drop shadow effect over it. Some environments use the methods of 3D graphics to project virtual three dimensional user interface objects onto the screen. These are often shown in use in science fiction films .As the processing power of computer graphics hardware increases, this becomes less of an obstacle to a smooth user experience. Three-dimensional graphics are currently mostly used in computer games, art, and computer-aided design (CAD). A three- dimensional computing environment can also be useful in other uses, like molecular graphics, aircraft design and Phase Equilibrium Calculations/Design of unit operations and chemical processes …continued Several attempts have been made to create a multi-user three-dimensional environment, including the Croquet Project and Sun's Project Looking Glass. The use of three-dimensional graphics has become increasingly common in mainstream operating systems, from creating attractive interfaces, termed eye candy, to functional purposes only possible using three dimensions. For example, user switching is represented by rotating a cube which faces are each user's workspace, and window management is represented via a Rolodex-style flipping mechanism in Windows Vista 4.Touch Screen
A touchscreen, or touch screen, is an input device and normally layered
on the top of an electronic visual display of an information processing system. A user can give input or control the information processing system through simple or multi-touch gestures by touching the screen with a special stylus or one or more fingers . Some touchscreens use ordinary or specially coated gloves to work while others may only work using a special stylus or pen. The user can use the touchscreen to react to what is displayed and, if the software allows, to control how it is displayed; for example, zooming to increase the text size. 4.Touch Screen
The touchscreen enables the user to interact directly with what is
displayed, rather than using a mouse, touchpad, or other such devices (other than a stylus, which is optional for most modern touchscreens). Touchscreens are common in devices such as game consoles, personal computers, electronic voting machines, and point-of-sale (POS) systems. They can also be attached to computers or, as terminals, to networks. They play a prominent role in the design of digital appliances such as personal digital assistants (PDAs) and some e-readers. …Continued Historically, the touchscreen sensor and its accompanying controller- based firmware have been made available by a wide array of after- market system integrators, and not by display, chip, or motherboard manufacturers. Display manufacturers and chip manufacturers have acknowledged the trend toward acceptance of touchscreens as a user interface component and have begun to integrate touchscreens into the fundamental design of their products.