y

Axial Members Axial Members

ui , fi A, L uj , fj
x
i E j

Hubungan gaya-deformasi
AE AE
fi = ? fj = -?
L L

ui = 1 AE uj = 1
fi = -? AE
L fj = ?
L

AE AE - AE
fi = fi . ui -+AEfi . uj fi ui
L L L L
=
fj - AE AE
fj = - AE
fj . ui ++ AEf j . uj L L
uj
L L
 Axial Members

AE - AE
L L

- AE AE
L L

e e e
fl = kl ul

AE - AE
fi L L ui
=
fj - AE AE
uj
L L
 Axial Members
Kekakuan Elemen Global Gaya dan displacement
arah transversal tidak ada
e e e
fl = kl ul

cosa 0 1 0 e e
Batang aksial horizontal → α = 0º T = = kg = kl
0 cosa 0 1

Prosedur Penyelesaian

e e e
susun kekakuan setiap elemen fl = kl ul

e e
susun kekakuan setiap elemen k = kl Batang aksial horizontal → α = 0º
g

e
susun kekakuan sistim struktur K =  kl

susun matrik gaya struktur F

Prosedur Penyelesaian
Axial Members

susun matrik gaya struktur U

susun matrik kesetimbangan K U = F

K U = F

A B E G
Re-Arrangement matrix kesetimbangan =
C D F H
Dengan:
[A][B][C][D] = matriks kekakuan struktur
[E] = matriks unkown displacement
[F] = Boundary condition displacement matrix (harus bernilai
0)
[G] = matriks gaya-gaya luar struktur
[H] = matrix unkown reaction struktur
Prosedur Penyelesaian
Axial Members

A B E G
Re-Arrangement matrix kesetimbangan =
C D F H

hitung unknow displacment ([E])

dengan perkalian group matrix
[A]X[E]+[B]X[F]=[G] Karna [F] =0 maka [A] x [E] = [G] [E]= [A]-1 x [G]

hitung REAKSI TUMPUAN ([H])

dengan perkalian group matrix
[C]X[E]+[D]X[F]=[H] Karna [F] = 0 maka [C] x [E] = H]

hitung gaya-gaya tiap element

FINISH
{F} = [K] x {U}
 AE Axial Members
- AE
e L L AE 1 -1 ..ui
kl = = ..uj Contoh kasus 3.1
- AE AE L -1 1
L L ui uj

L3 = 10m
10kN
1 10kN 3
2
L1 = 4m L2 = 6m
A1 = A2 = A3 = 50mm2 E1 = E2 = E3 = 200Gpa
 AE Axial Members
- AE
e L L AE 1 -1 ..ui
kl = = ..uj Contoh kasus 3.1
- AE AE L -1 1
L L ui uj
1. Ht. Matriks Kekakuan
L3 = 10m elemen lokal
10kN
1 10kN 3
2
L1 = 4m L2 = 6m
A1 = A2 = A3 = 50mm2 E1 = E2 = E3 = 200Gpa
Elemen 1: 1~2
1 A E 1 -1 50 x 200 1 -1 2,50 -2,50 f1 2,5 -2,5 u1
kl = 1 1 =
L1 -1 1
=
4.103 -1 1
=
-2,50 2,50
kN/mm
f2 -2,5 2,5 u2

Elemen 2: 2~3
1,667 -1,667 f2 1,667 -1,667 u2
2 50 x 200 1 -1 =
kg =
6.103
= kN/mm f3 -1,667 1,667 u3
-1 1 -1,667 1,667

Elemen 3: 1~3
3 1,0 -1,0 f1 1,0 -1,0 u1
= kN/mm =
kg
-1,0 1,0 f3 -1,0 1,0 u3
 L3 = 10m Axial Members
10kN Contoh kasus 3.1
1 10kN 3
2
L1 = 4m L2 = 6m
2. Ht. Matriks Kekakuan
A1 = A2 = A3 = 50mm2 E1 = E2 = E3 = 200Gpa elemen Global

cosa 0 1 0 e e
a=0 T = = kg = kl
0 cosa 0 1

1 2,5 -2,5
kg =
-2,5 2,5

2 1,667 -1,667
kg =
-1,667 1,667

3 1,0 -1,0
kg =
-1,0 1,0
 Axial Members
Contoh kasus 3.1
Elemen 1: 1~2
2,50 -2,50 ..u1
1
kg = kN/mm 3.Menyusun matriks
-2,50 2,50 ..u2 kekakuan Struktur
u1 u2
Global
Elemen 2: 2~3
2 1,667 -1,667 ..u2
kg = kN/mm
-1,667 1,667 ..u3
u2 u3

Elemen 3: 1~3
3 1,0 -1,0 ..u1
kg = kN/mm
-1,0 1,0 ..u3
u1 u3

3,500 -2,500 -1,000 ..u1

K = -2,500 4,167 -1,667 ..u2 kN/mm
-1,000 -1,667 2,667 ..u3
u1 u2 u3
 3,500 -2,500 -1,000 ..u1 Axial Members
K = -2,500 4,167 -1,667 ..u2 kN/mm
Contoh kasus 3.1
-1,000 -1,667 2,667 ..u3
u1 u2 u3
4. Menyusun matriks
{F} dan {U}

F1 RX1 U1 0
F = F2 = -10 kN U = U2 = U2
F3 10 U3 U3

10kN
Rx1 1 10kN
2
3
 3,500 -2,500 -1,000 ..u1 Axial Members
K = -2,500 4,167 -1,667 ..u2 kN/mm
Contoh kasus 3.1
-1,000 -1,667 2,667 ..u3
u1 u2 u3

F1 RX1
F = F2 = -10 kN K U = F
F3 10
3,500 -2,500 -1,000 0 RX1
-2,500 4,167 -1,667 U2 = -10
-1,000 -1,667 2,667 U3 10
u1 u2 u3
U1 0
U = U2 = U2 3,500 -2,500 -1,000 0 RX1
U3 U3 =
-2,500 4,167 -1,667 U2 -10
-1,000 -1,667 2,667 U3 10
u1 u2 u3
 3,500 -2,500 -1,000 ..u1 Axial Members
K = -2,500 4,167 -1,667 ..u2 kN/mm
Contoh kasus 3.1
-1,000 -1,667 2,667 ..u3
u1 u2 u3

F1 RX1
F = F2 = -10 kN K U = F
F3 10
3,500 -2,500 -1,000 0 RX1
-2,500 4,167 -1,667 U2 = -10
-1,000 -1,667 2,667 U3 10
u1 u2 u3
U1 0
Re-Arengement (susun ulang)
U = U2 = U2
U3 U3
-2,500 4,167
3,500 -2,500 -1,667
-1,000 U02 -10
R X1

-1,000
-2,500 -1,667
4,167 2,667
-1,667 U32 = 10
-10
-1,000 -1,667
3,500 -2,500 2,667
-1,000 U03 R
10
X1
u1 u2 u3
 3,500 -2,500 -1,000 ..u1 Axial Members
K = -2,500 4,167 -1,667 ..u2 kN/mm
Contoh kasus 3.1
-1,000 -1,667 2,667 ..u3
u1 u2 u3

F1 RX1
F = F2 = -10 kN K U = F
F3 10
3,500 -2,500 -1,000 0 RX1
-2,500 4,167 -1,667 U2 = -10
-1,000 -1,667 2,667 U3 10
u1 u2 u3
U1 0
U = U2 = U2 Re-Arengement (susun ulang)
U3 U3

-2,500 4,167 -1,667 U2 -10

-1,000 -1,667 2,667 U3 = 10
3,500 -2,500 -1,000 0 RX1
u1 u2 u3
K U = F Axial Members
Contoh kasus 3.1
3,500 -2,500 -1,000 0 RX1
PERKALIAN GROUP MATRIKS
-2,500 4,167 -1,667 U2 = -10
Untuk menghitung displacement
-1,000 -1,667 2,667 U3 10 Dan reaksi
u1 u2 u3

4,167 -1,667 -2,500 U2 -10 A E -10

B
-1,667 2,667 -1,000 U3 = 10 = 10
-2,500 -1,000 3,500 0 RX1 C D F RX1
u1 u2 u3

[A] x [E] + [B] x [F] = -10

10

4,167 -1,667 U2 -2,500 -10 U2 4,167 -1,667 -1 -10 -1,20

+ 0 = = = mm
-1,667 2,667 U3 -1,000 10 U3 -1,667 2,667 10 3,00

U2 -1,20
U2
-2,500 -1,000 + 3,500 0 = Rx1 = -2,500 -1,000 = 0,00 kN
U3 U
3,00
3
 U2 -1,20 Axial Members
= mm Rx1 = 0,00 kN
U3 3,00 Contoh kasus 3.1

e e
Gaya Elemen: f = kl U
l

Elemen 1: 1~2

f 11 2,50 -2,50 U0 3,0

1 0 1
= = kN 3kN 1 2 3kN
f 21 0 1 -2,50 2,50 -1,20
U2 -3,0

Elemen 2: 2~3

f 22
1 0 1,667 -1,667 -1,20
U2 -7,0
= = kN 7kN 2 3 7kN
f 32 0 1 -1,667 1,667 U3,00
3 7,0

Elemen 3: 1~3

f 13 1,0 -1,0 U10 -3,0

1 0
= = kN 3kN 1 3 3kN
f 33 0 1 -1,0 1,0 3,00
U3 3,0
 U2 -1,20 Axial Members
= mm Rx1 = 0,00 kN
U3 3,00 Contoh kasus 3.1

Displ. Elemen: u = T U

Elemen 1: 1~2

u11 U0 0
1 0 1 1,2mm
= = mm
u21 0 1 -1,20
U2 -1,2
1 2

Elemen 2: 2~3
1,2mm 3,0mm
u22 -1,20
U2 -1,2
1 0
= = mm 2 3
u32 0 1 3,00
U 3
3,0

Elemen 3: 1~3 3,0mm

u13 U10 0
1 3
1 0
= = mm
u33 0 1 3,00
U3 3,0
 Axial Members
Latihan di kelas 1

10kN 12kN

1 L1 = 4m 2 L2 = 3m 3
A1 = 50mm2 E1 = 200Gpa A2 = 40mm2 E2 = 200Gpa

Latihan di kelas 2

10kN 8kN

1 2 3 4
L1 = 3m L2 = 2m L3 = 2m
A1 = 60mm2 A2 = 40mm2 A3 = 50mm2
E1 = 200Gpa E2 = 200Gpa E3 = 200Gpa
 Axial Members
Latihan di kelas 3

10kN 8kN 15kN

1 2 3 4 5
L1 = 3m L2 = 2m L3 = 2m L3 = 2m
A1 = 60mm2 A2 = 50mm2 2
A3 = 40mm A3 = 20 mm2
E1 = 200Gpa E2 = 200Gpa E3 = 200Gpa E3 = 200Gpa