Rational Expressions

PROJECT IN MATH 3

JULIUS CAESAR C. LITA

MRS. BEATRIZ CRUZ

Prepared by: JULIUS CAESAR C. LITA

Simplifying Rational Expression
• In simplifying rational expressions we must
factor the numerator and denominator first
then cancel the common factors

x4+5x3 x3(x+5) Factor G.C.F

=
x -25x x(x2− 25)
3

x3(x+5)
= Difference of Square
x(x-5)(x+5)
x2

x3(x+5)
= Cancel Commmon Factors
x(x-5)(x+5)

x2
=
(x-5) Prepared by: JULIUS CAESAR C. LITA
 Examples:
1. a c3
36a3bc4 3•2•3•2•a3bc4
=
100a2b2c 5•2•5•2•a2b2c
b

9ac3
=
25b

2.
____x3- (x-y)(x2+xy+y2)
3
=
y ____ (3x)(x2+xy+y2)
3x3+3x2y+3xy2
(x-y)
=
3x

Prepared by: JULIUS CAESAR C. LITA

Multiplication and Division
of Rational Expression

• In multiplying Rational Expressions, factor

the numerator and denominator and
cancel the common factor then multiply
both numerator-numerator and
denominator-denominator.

• In dividing Rational Expressions,

reciprocal the denominator then factor the
numerator and denominator and cancel
the common factor then proceed to
multiplication.
Prepared by: JULIUS CAESAR C. LITA
 Examples:

x2-4x 15xy2+5y3 x(x-4) 5y2(3x+y)

2
• 2
= •
x -16 3x +xy (x-4)(x+4) x(3x+y)

5y 2
=
x+4

ab+ac ÷ 4b+4c = (a)(b+c) (2a)(3y2)

3 6ay 2 (2a)(a 2y) • (4)(b+c)
2a y
y
3ay2 3y
= 2
=
4a
a
y 4a

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Addition and Subtraction of
Rational Expression
• In adding and subtracting Rational Expressions just
follow these steps:

– Step 1 Factor everything and find the least common

denominator.

– Step 2 Multiply the numerators and the denominators by the

appropriate denominator so that the denominator becomes the
least common Denominator.

– Step 3 Add the numerators together.

– Step 4 Factor the numerator.

– Step 5 Cancel any common factors.

Prepared by: JULIUS CAESAR C. LITA

 Multiply Multiply

3x+1 x 3x+1 + x
2 + =
x -1 x+1 (x-1)(x+1) x+1
Divide

3x+1 + x2-x
= Divide
(x+1)(x-1)

x2+2x+1
=
(x+1)(x-1)

(x+1)(x+1)
= (x+1)(x-1)

x+1
=
x-1
Prepared by: JULIUS CAESAR C. LITA
 Examples:
4 - 4b 4 - 4b 4a+4b-4b 4a
1. = = =
a-b a2-b2 a-b (a+b)(a-b) (a+b)(a-b) a2-b2

x
2. 2 - 2 1 - 22
x -x-2 x -5x-14 x -8x-7

x 1 2 x2+7x-x+1-2x+4
= - - =
(x-2)(x+1) (x+7)(x-2) (x+1)(x+7) (x-2)(x+7)(x+7)

x2+4x+5
= (x-2)(x+7)(x+7)

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Thank You

Prepared by: JULIUS CAESAR C. LITA