By:
Mohd Shahriwan Idris
Seminar Towards Safe And Healthy Working Culture
Johor Skills Development Centre (PUSPATRI)
17 July 2009
Hotel Selesa, Pasir Gudang
Person At Work
• Bacteria/Virus • Mechanical
• SARS/Aids/Bloodborne • Electrical
Pathogen/Influenza • Ergonomic
• Noise
• Heat
• Pressure
• Sexual harrestment • Height
• Work pressure
• Family • Hazardous chemicals/gaseous/dust
• Drug/alcohol • Odor/Mist/Vapor
Philosophy And Principles
Guidelines
Control of hazardous chemicals
Labeling of hazardous chemicals
Monitoring of airborne contaminants
CHRA
Classification, Packaging Classification of hazardous chemicals
& Labeling Regulations Medical surveillance
1997 MSDS formulation
Preparation chemical register
PPE against chemical hazards
HIRARC
Chemicals Hazardous To Health
1 st Principle
All hazards can be control in some manner and to some
degree
2 nd Principle
There are usually many alternate methods of control
3 rd Principle
Some methods are better than others
4 th Principle
Some situations will require more than one
control method to obtain optimum results
Practicable
Have been used on Regulation 14 with respect to the reduction of
exposure to the lowest practicable level. The practicability depends
on four factors as follows:
3. Isolation
Removing the source of hazard exposure from workers by:
Placing the source in another location
Enclosing or shielding the source with physical barrier
Automating the process in a closed system or separation by
distance or the use of barrier to prevent exposure;
Removal and storage of materials in a separate location.
Examples of application:
Tank farms separated from the process area
Automated process are used in chemical
processing and petroleum refining
Heat barriers and soundproof enclosures
Removal of worker to a control room that is
separate from the processing plant/area.
Control Measures Under Reg. 15
4. Engineering Control
Capture Velocity
Design The velocity that that is necessary
- Approved by P.E. to control the contaminant at the
- Built according to design farthest distance from the hood.
specifications Determined by:
- Tested by P.E. - Velocity & direction
- Quantity of contaminants
- Secondary air current
- Toxicity
- Size of exhaust hood
- Escape point
LEV
Concept – remove contaminants at source
Record Keeping
- Kept by employer
Test, Inspect, Examination & Maintenance
- Inspected at appropriate
- By Hygiene Tech. intervals by employer which
- Defined intervals not more than 12 months shall not be longer than one
month
Control Measures Under Reg. 15
LOTO
Locking off means machines is put to a safe condition by a
person (s) about to make adjustment or perform certain
maintenance function
Verbal
LOW RISK
Control Measures Under Reg. 15
General Procedure
- Use valid & suitable techniques.
- When & how monitoring to be
- Quantitative estimation of exposure.
done.
- Results compared to exposure
- Sampling procedure & analytical
standard.
method.
- Approved method of analysis.
- Frequency.
- Determine the effectiveness of control
- How results to be interpreted.
measure.
Monitoring
Re-labeling
When the labels are removed, defaced, modified or altered while the
chemical hazardous to health is being used.
Chemical is transferred to another container other than the original
container.
Re-labeling requirement depend on whether the substance is consumed
immediately or over a longer period of time.
If used within a normal shift – label with the chemical name of trade name as
per the original label. The container need not to be re-labeled if the chemical
is used immediately.
Container containing pesticides & scheduled wastes – shall be re-labeled in
accordance with the requirements of each relevant legal requirement.
Chemical Safety Data Sheet (CSDS)
Copies Readily
Available For
Reference/Training
Standard Specifications:
- MS 980
- MS 981
- MS 982
- MS 983
Method Of Exposure
How Can Chemical Hazardous To Health Enters A
Human Body?
1. Menghidu (Inhalation)
2. Penyerapan Melalui Kulit (Skin
Absorption) – Mata Atau Kulit
3. Tertelan (Ingestion)
4. Cara Lain?
Health Effect Of Chemicals
Hazardous To Health
Acute Effect)
Chronic/Long Term Effect
Reversible Effect
Irreversible Effect
Factors Influence Toxicity Hazardous Chemical
Chemicals Human
• Route of exposure • Age
• Type of chemical • Sex
• Physicochemical • Allergies
properties
• Genetic make-up
• Duration of exposure
• Concentration of exposure • Immunological status
• Effects of chemicals • Nutritional status
interaction • Concurrent disease