Intellectual Revolution

that Defined Society

Presented by Junjie B. Talatayod

Learning Outcomes:
At the end of the lesson, the learners should be able to:

• Articulate ways by which society is transformed by

science and technology, and

• Analyze the concepts or ideas proposed by the

intellectual thinkers in the field of society.
What does it mean by Intellectual
Revolution?
Throughout history, there have been
numerous absolute limits. People have said
that we know all there is to know. People have
said that some things will be forever hidden
from mortal eyes.
Each and every time, they were wrong!

- First, the world is a natural whole, that is,

supernatural forces do not make things
'happen'.

- Second, there is a natural 'order‘, that is,

there are 'laws of nature
 Revolution – means “sudden change”

- Because of Science, Technology and

Intellectual Thinkers, there is a
REVOLUTION or a change in how we
think about our world. This revolution
has has truly defined our society…
Society is Transformed by
Science and Technology:
A Viewpoint
1. Nicolaus Copernicus
(1473-1543)
- Mathematician and
astronomer
Nicolaus Copernicus
proposed that the sun is
stationary and is the center
of the universe and earth
revolved around it.

This is HELIOCENTRIC
MODEL, which means the
Nicolaus Copernicus’
proposal is contrary to
Ptolemy’s GEOCENTRIC
MODEL of the universe,

GEOCENTRIC MODEL –
means the earth is the
center of the universe and Ptolemy
everything revolves around 100AD
Galileo Galilei was the
first astronomer to use a
telescope to study the
heavens. Galileo made a
number of observations
that finally helped
convince people that the
Sun-centered solar
system model (the
Copernicus’ concept of the universe was the
start of a change in a way the world was
viewed. Because of Copernicus Heliocentric
Model of the universe, he called as the “Initiator
of the Scientific Revolution”
 Benefits Derived from
Copernicus Concept:
• Europe’s Copernicus
Programme uses accurate and
timely data from satellites
- helps improve environment
management
- mitigates the effects of climate
change
- creates new applications and
services for citizens and
businesses
2. Charles Darwin (1809-1882)
- an English naturalist,
geologist and biologist,
best known for his
contributions to the science
of evolution.
- He had 2 evolution
theories:
1. Origin of the Species
2. Descent of Man
 1. Origin of the Species (1859)
- Natural selection (survival of the fittest) is the
process in nature by which organisms better
adapted to their environment tend to survive and
reproduce more than those less adapted to their
environment.
Example:
1. Antibiotic Resistance – is the ability of a bacteria
to withstand the effects of an antibiotic. It is a
consequence of evolution.
Invasive Species - they may not sound very threatening,
but these invaders, large and small, have devastating
effects on wildlife.
- They are not native to a particular place and causes
harm. They can harm the environment, the economy,
or even human health. Species that grow and
reproduce quickly, and spread aggressively, with
potential to cause harm, are given the label
“invasive.”
- They are primarily spread by human activities, often
unintentionally. People, and the goods we use, travel
 2. Descent of Man (1871)
- according to Charles Darwin, humans and apes
share a common ancestor. He Held that man
descended from apes.
3. Sigmund Freud
- An Austrian
Physician who
emphasized the
role of
psychoanalysis
in dealing with
Psychoanalysis
personality - The way that people
behave is influenced by their unconscious
Three Levels of
Mind

1. Conscious Mind
2. Pre-conscious
Mind
3. Unconscious
Mind
-highest level of the mind that contains repressed
urges, thoughts, memories, and wishes which are
disturbing and threatening.
Structures of Personality
1. ID – MAKAHAYOP personality (Pleasure Principle)
- animalistic nature of man. Destructive and
pleasure seeking. This is where sex urge (libido) is
present.
2. EGO – MAKATAO personality (Reality Principle)
- human nature of man. Acts according to laws and
morals. Mediator of ID and Super ego.
3. SUPER EGO – MAKADIYOS personality (Conscience
Principle)
4. Information Technology
- Has huge impact of living
- Children are being education through iPods and
computers
- We learn through youtube
- Online studies or distance learning instead of
personally going to school
- Businesses are now technology-based (BPO
industries, online shopping)
5. Mesoamerican Science and Technology

Maya Civilization (Meso-America)

- The Maya civilization was one of the most advanced
in terms of science and technology and the dominant
indigenous societies of Mesoamerica (a term used to
describe Mexico and Central America before the 16th
century Spanish conquest).
6. Asian Science and Technology

- Global material wealth had increased at a snail pace.

- There is a burst of knowledge and innovation that
ignited economic growth
- Improvements are fueled by relentless scientific
learning and discovery.
7. Science and Technology in the Middle East

- Jordan represents science and technology in the

Middle Egypt because it has already become a
technology hub.
- Jordan government lays foundation for digital
transformation which provides high speed
connectivity in public facilities, hospitals, schools and
other agencies.
- The country realized the economic and social
8. Science and technology in Africa

- The technology and innovation of Africa are enablers

for achieving continental development goals.
- Goals emphasize the sustenance of economy so that
a large section of people of Africa are lifted out of
poverty.
- Created a program which is Science, Technology And
Innovation Strategy For Africa 2024 (STISA-2024). Its
goal is to achieve the eradication of Hunger and
achieving food security, prevention of diseases and