Plastic

What is plastic?
Plasticity is the general property of all materials
Plastic is material consisting of any of a wide
which can deform irreversibly without breaking
range of synthetic or semi-synthetic organic
but, in the class of moldable polymers, this occurs
compounds that are malleable and so can
to such a degree that their actual name derives
be molded into solid objects
from this specific ability.
The properties and characteristics of most plastics
(though not always fulfilled in certain special
plastics) are these:

• Easy to work and shape,

• Have a low production cost,
• Possess low density,
• Tend to be waterproof,
• Good electrical insulators,
• Acceptable acoustic insulation,
• Good thermal insulation, but most can not withstand very high temperatures,
• Resistant to corrosion and many chemical factors;
• Some are not biodegradable or easily recyclable, and if they burn, are highly
polluting.
Classifications
Thermoplastic of plastic:
A thermoplastic, or thermosoftening plastic, is a plastic material,(a polymer), that
becomes pliable or moldable above a specific temperature and solidifies upon
cooling.
• Thermoplastics and thermosetting polymers
Thermosetting
• Amorphous plastics polymer and crystalline plastics
A thermosetting polymer, resin, or plastic, often called a thermoset, is a polymer that
•is irreversibly
Conductive polymers
hardened by curing from a soft solid or viscous liquid prepolymer or
•resin.
Biodegradable plastics and bioplastics
Crystalline
Biodegradable Plastics
Crystalline structures
Biodegradable are
plastics generally
are plastics verydegrade,
that ordered,orwhich
breakisdown,
what gives
upon them strength
exposure to:
Conductive Polymers
and rigidity. Think of diamond or steel as examples. A crystalline polymer, where the
sunlight or ultra-violet
Conductive polymers or,radiation, water orintrinsically
more precisely, dampness, bacteria, enzymes
conducting polymersor wind
(ICPs) are
molecular
abrasion. Inchains
some are largely rodent,
instances, locked in place
pest, or againstattack
insect one another,
can alsoisbesimilar. Applyasa
considered
organic polymers that conduct electricity. Such compounds may have metallic
load
formsand it will break rather than bend.
conductivity or can be semiconductors. Thedegradation.
of biodegradation or environmental biggest advantage of conductive polymers
is their processability, mainly by dispersion.
Amorphous
Bioplastics Polymers
Amorphous
Bioplastics are polymers
plasticsare the opposite.
derived Rather than
from renewable beingsources,
biomass rigid, the random
such molecular
as vegetable
jumble
fats andlets
oils,the chains
corn move
starch, across
straw, each other
woodchips, when
food the polymer
waste, is pushed
etc. Bioplastic can or
bepulled.
made
In short,
from amorphous
agricultural polymers and
by-products havealso
flexibility
from usedandplastic
elasticity.
bottles and other containers
using microorganisms. Common plastics, such as fossil-fuel plastics (also called
petrobased polymers) are derived from petroleum or natural gas. Not all bioplastics
are biodegradable nor biodegrade more readily than commodity fossil-fuel derived
plastics. Bioplastics are usually derived from sugar derivatives, including starch,
cellulose, and lactic acid.
 Polyethylene Terephthalate sometimes absorbs odors and
flavors from foods and drinks that are stored in them. Items
made from this Polyethylene
Low-Density plastic are commonly recycled.
is sometimes PET(E) plastic
recycled. It is a is
very
DIFFERENT TYPES OF PLASTICS AND THEIR Polystyrene
used to make is that
many
healthy plastic commonly
tends to recycled,
common household but isand
items
be both durablelikedifficult
beverage to do.
flexible. Items
Items
bottles,
such asmedicine jars, coffee
disposable rope, clothing and carpet
cups, plastic fiber.
food boxes, plastic cutlery
CLASSIFICATION such as cling-film, sandwich bags, squeezable bottles, and plastic
and packing
grocery bags foam are from
are made madeLDPE.
from PS.
High-Density Polyethylene products are very safe and are not
The Society of the Plastics Industry (SPI)
knownestablished
to transmit aany
classification
chemicals intosystem in drinks.
foods or 1988 toHDPEallow
consumers and recyclers to identify different types
products are of plastic.
commonly Manufacturers
recycled. Items made place
fromanthis
SPI code, or
plastic
include
number, on each plastic product, usually containers
moulded intofor
themilk, motorThis
bottom. oil, shampoos and conditioners,
guide provides a basic outline
soap
of the different plastic types associated bottles,
with eachdetergents,
code number.and bleaches. It is NEVER safe to reuse
an HDPE bottle as a food or drink container if it didn’t originally
Code
Polypropylene
contain7 food
is used to
is occasionally
designate miscellaneous
or drink. recycled. PP types
is strong
of plastic
and can
not
defined
usually withstand
by the otherhigher
six codes.
temperatures.
Polycarbonate
It is used
and
to Polylactide
make lunch are
included
boxes, margarine
in this category.
containers,
Theseyogurt
typespots,
of plastics
syrup bottles,
are difficult to
Polyvinyl Chloride is sometimes recycled. PVC is used for all
recycle.
prescription
Polycarbonate
bottles. Plastic
(PC)bottle
is used
caps
in baby
are often
bottles,
madecompact
from PP.discs,
kinds of pipes and tiles, but is most commonly found in plumbing
and medical storage containers.
pipes. This kind of plastic should not come in contact with food
items as it can be harmful if ingested.
Thank you for listening