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BARCODE

TECHNOLOGY
BY : CHIDGANA H B
FINAL YEAR BCA
 History

Contents 


What is barcode?
Barcode types
 Anatomy of Barcode
 How Barcode represents number
 Working of Barcode
 Barcode Scanner
 Application of barcode
 Advantages
 Disadvantages
 Future Scope
History
 In 1930 the grocery industry was growing at rapid pace. with this
growth there was a need to have an accurate tracking system for
inventory.
 Mr. Woodland and Silver, who were teaching at Drexel University in
Philadelphia, began work that led to the bar code after the head of a
supermarket chain asked for help a better way to keep track of
inventory.
 Woodland wondered Code could be used to track inventory, and He
drew dots and dashes in the sand similar to the shapes used in Morse
code. After pulling them downward with his fingers, producing thin
lines resulting from the dots and thick lines from the dashes, he came
up with the concept of a two-dimensional, linear Morse code, and after
sharing it with Silver and adapting optical sound film technology, they
applied for a patent on October 20, 1949.
 Thecode that eventually emerged is now known as Universal Product
Code.
Barcode :- What does it
mean?

 A barcode is an optical machine readable representation of data,


which shows data about the object to which it attaches , it is an
automatic identification technology.
 A bar code symbol typically consists of five parts: a quiet zone, a
start character, data characters(including an optional check
character), a stop character, and another quiet zone.
 It allows real-time data to be collected accurately and rapidly.
 Combination of barcode technology with computer and application
software improves performance, productivity and profitability
Anatomy of Barcode

This number is a UPC system number that characterizes


specific types of barcodes. In a UPC barcode it is normally
on the left of the barcode

Codes of the Number System


Character:
• 0 - Standard UPC number.
• 1 - Reserved.
• 2 - Random weight items like fruits,
vegetables, and meats, etc.
• 3 - Pharmaceuticals
• 4 - In-store code for retailers.
• 5 - Coupons
• 6 - Standard UPC number.
• 7 - Standard UPC number.
• 8 - Reserved.
• 9 - Reserved
How Barcode represents
Number
 Barcode gives every item its unique number and then simply the
print the number on the item so electronic scanning device can
read it.
 Each digit in the product number is given the same amount of
horizontal space, exactly 7 units.
 Then, to represent any of the numbers from zero to nine. it is
colored to those seven units with a different pattern of black
and white stripes.
 Thus, the number one is represented by coloring in two white
stripes, two black stripes, two white stripes, and one black stripe,
 while the number two is represented by two white stripes, one
black stripe, two white stripes, and two final black stripes.
Types of Barcode

 Linear or One Dimensional: It is the


oldest and the most commonly used
due to its simplicity and low
technology needs. It can be read by
all of the barcode readers.

 Two Dimensional (2D Barcodes):These


barcodes provide a means of
embedding Web addresses, text or
other data in a camera-readable
format.
Linear or One Dimensional

 Code 128  EAN-13 & EAN-8 :


-A Very capable code
in very wide use
world-wide

-International retail
product code
 Code 39:

-A General purpose
code in very wide
use world-wide

 Codabar:
-Used in  Interleaved 2 of 5 :
library systems -Widely used in industry,
air cargo
Two Dimensional (2D Barcodes)

 QR Code:  Data Matrix :


Used for material
Holds large amounts of data.
control and
order confirmation

 Maxi code :
 PDF417: Used for automated package
Excellent for
sorting
encoding large
amounts of data
Barcode Scanners/ Readers

CCD-charge coupled
Pen barcode readers Laser device (LED scanner)
Reading of Barcodes

 A barcode reader uses a photo sensor to convert the barcode into an electrical signal
as it moves across a barcode. The scanner then measures the relative widths of the
bars and spaces, translates the different patterns back into regular characters, and
sends them on to a computer or portable terminal. The dark bars of barcode absorb
the incident light but the light is reflected by light spaces.
 Every barcode begins with a special start character and ends with a special stop
character. These codes help the reader detect the barcode and figure out whether it
is being scanned forward or backward.
 Checksum character: It is calculated when the barcode is printed using the
characters in the barcode, the reader performs the same calculation and compares its
answer to the checksum it reads at the end of the barcode. If the two don't match,
the reader assumes that something is wrong, throws out the data, and tries again.
Applications of Barcode
 HOSPITALS: Barcodes can allow for the organization of
large amounts of data. They are widely used in the
healthcare and hospital settings, ranging from patient
identification (to access patient data, including medical
history, drug allergies, etc.) to medication management.
 RETAIL: Speeding up checkouts and ordering.
 OFFICE: Recording transactions.
 HEALTH: Ensuring correct dosage and treatment.
 TRAVEL: Making ticketing more efficient, ensuring safety
and speedier check in.
 LIBRARIES: Logging borrowers and books
Advantages

 A barcode scan is fast and reliable, and takes infinitely less time than
entering data by hand. thus eliminates the possibility of human error.
 It promote better decision making. As data is obtained rapidly and
accurately, it is possible to make more informed decisions. Better decision
making ultimately saves both time and money.
 Real time data collection.
 Represent unique identity of a Product.
Disadvantages

 Pricing Discrepancies and Scanning Problems


 Label Damage
 Financial and Equipment Costs
 They Cost Money
Future Scope

 Age verification -To confirm a  Tickets - To eliminate the need for


customer’s age and avoid legal printed tickets by sending customers
problems. (restaurant, bars, theaters, an electronic ticket .This also reduces
etc.) the possibility of ticket fraud.
 Opening customer accounts -To
collect information to open a
customer account or fill out a credit  Fraud detection - It can be used for
application very easily.(by scanning detecting fraud by scanning all the
valid ID proofs). relevant information and
authorization.
 Product Stock control – To facilitate
users to control product stock and
gives accurate information of product
stock detail for reordering.
 Quality measurement -Barcodes
 Coupons - Retailers can email or text presence on a product can be used
customers a coupon with a QR code to provide the quality factor of it.
that can be scanned at the time of
sale from the phone screen. It can be
tracked so easily by using a unique
code for each customer.

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