( EMBRYOLOGIA SPECIALIS )
SKDI 2012:
AREA OF COMPETENTCY :5
LEVEL OF COMPETENTCY : 1 OR 2
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DEVELOPMENT OF THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
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DEVELOPMENT OF ECTODERM
EARLY WEEK 3 END OF WEEK 3 EARLY OF WEEK 4 END OF WEEK 4
ANTERIOR NEUROPORE
NEURAL PLATE
NEURAL FOLD
NEURAL TUBE
POSTERIOR NEUROPORE
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FORMATION OF BRAIN VESICLES
PRIMARY ( 3 ) SECONDARY ( 5 )
TERMINAL PLATE
1.1. TELENCEPHALON
1. PROSENCEPHALON
1.2. DIENCEPHALON
2. MESENCEPHALON
3.1.METENCEPHALON
3. RHOMBENCEPHALON
3.2.MYELENCEPHALON
WEEK 4 SPINAL CORD
WEEK 5
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ELONGATION OF BRAIN VESICLE
CERVICAL
DAY 25 FLEXURE
DAY 40
DAY 35
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FORMATION OF THE BRAIN VENTRICLE SYSTEM
TERMINAL PLATE
1. PROSENCEPHALON
1.1. TELENCEPHALON:
CEREBRAL HEMISPHERE
( LATERAL VENTRICLES )
1.2. DIENCEPHALON
( 3RD VENTRICLE )
2. MESENCEPHALON
( CEREBRAL AQUEDUCT )
EARLY 4 MONTHS
3. RHOMBENCEPHALON
( 4TH VENTRICLE )
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FORMATION OF MENINGES
PACHYMENINX LEPTOMENINX
CONUS MEDULLARIS
( L 1,2 )
DEVELOPED CRANIALLY
FILUM TERMINALE
S1
SPINE & DURAMATER GROW RAPIDLY THAN THE
SPINAL CORD
CONGENITAL MALFORMATION
( MALFORMATIO CONGENITALIA )
FAILURE OF THE NEURAL TUBE CLOSURE
1. ANENCEPHALI
- NEUROPORUS ANTERIOR FAILED TO CLOSE
- FREQUENCY = 1 : 1000 , ♀ : ♂ = 4 : 1
- CALVARIA, SCALP & MAJOR PORTION OF THE
BRAIN ABSENT.
- EYES BULGED FORWARD ; NECK ABSENT
- CRANIOSCHIZIS : DEFECT INVOLVING SKULL
2. DEFECT OF SKULL BONE OSSIFICATION
- MOST AFFECTED : OCCIPITAL SQUAMOUS BONE
- MANIFESTED AS
-- MENINGOCELE
-- MENINGO-ENCEPHALOCELE
-- MENINGO-HYDRO-ENCEPHALOCELE
FAILURE OF THE NEURAL TUBE CLOSURE
3. SPINA BIFIDA
- DORSAL PORTIONS OF VERTEBRAE
FAILED TO FUSE.
- LOCATION : SACROLUMBAR
- COVERED BY SKIN, NOT
NOTICABLE ON THE SURFACE
EXCEPT THE PRESENCE OF
A SMALL TUFT OF HAIR OVER
THE AFFECTED AREA
( SPINA BIFIDA OCCULTA )
FAILURE OF NEURAL TUBE CLOSURE
SUBARACHNOID
SPACE
4.3. MENINGOMYELOCELE
FAILURE OF NEURAL TUBE CLOSURE
NORMAL DEVELOPMENT
TETHERED CORD
GLOSSARY
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REFERENCES
1. INDIANA UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE :
THE DEVELOPING HUMAN
2. LANGMAN, JAN :MEDICAL EMBRYOLOGY
3. MARIEB, ELAINE N ; MALLAT, JON : HUMAN ANATOMY
4. MARINO, THOMAS A : DEVELOPMENT OF THE BRAIN AND
SPINAL CORD
5. 6. FEDERATIVE INTERNATIONAL PROGRAMME ON ANATOMICAL
TERMINOLOGIES ( FIFAT ), 2ND EDIT. : TERMINOLGIA ANATOMICA
6. UNSW : EMBRYOLOGY
7. PICTURES :
7.1. anatomystudentforum.blogspot.com
7.2. php.med.unsw.edu.au